Large extraordinary Hall effect in [Pt/Co]5/Ru/[Co/Pt]5 multilayer

This Brief Report presents giant extraordinary Hall effect (EHE) in the Ru-mediated antiferromagnetically coupled [Pt/Co]5/Ru/[Co/Pt]5 multilayers (MLs) compared with those MLs without the Ru spacer. The enhancement of the EHE is attributed to the strong Ru/Co interface scattering. Through the variation in the Pt layer thickness and the temperature, we determine the relation between the Hall voltage and the longitudinal resistivity. It is found that the conventional scaling analysis has difficulties in consistently interpreting our data.

Microteaching Lesson Study: Mentor interaction structure and its relation to elementary preservice mathematics teacher knowledge development

This study investigated Microteaching Lesson Study (MLS) and three possible MLS mentor interaction structures during the debriefing sessions in relation to elementary preservice teacher development of knowledge for teaching. One hundred three elementary preservice teachers enrolled in five different sections of a mathematics methods course at a southern urban university were part of the study. This included 72 participants who completed MLS across three different mentor interaction structures as part of their course requirements and 31 elementary preservice teachers who did not complete MLS as part of their methods course and served as a comparison group for a portion of the study. A sequential mixed-methods research design was used to analyze the relationship between MLS mentor interaction structure and growth in preservice teachers' mathematics teacher knowledge. Data sources included pre and post assessments, group developed lesson plans and final reports, a feedback survey with Likert-type and open-ended questions, and transcripts of audio-recorded debriefing sessions. The pre and post assessments were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the Likert-type feedback survey questions. Group MLS lesson plans, final reports, and transcripts of debriefing sessions along with the open-ended questions from the feedback survey were coded in a three-step process as described by Miles and Huberman (1994). In alignment with findings from M. Fernandez (2005, 2010), elementary preservice teachers participating in MLS grew in content knowledge related to MLS topics taught by one another. Results from the analysis of pre and post content knowledge assessments revealed that participants grew in their understanding of the mathematics topics taught during MLS irrespective of their mentor interaction structure and when compared to the participants who did not complete MLS in their methods course. Findings from the analysis of lesson plans for growth in pedagogical content knowledge revealed the most growth in this area occurred for participants assigned to the interaction structure in which the MLS mentor participated in the first two debriefing sessions. Analysis of the transcripts of the discourse during the debriefing sessions and the feedback surveys support the finding that the elementary preservice teachers assigned to the interaction structure in which the MLS mentor participated in the first and second debriefing sessions benefited more from the MLS experience when compared to elementary preservice teachers assigned to the other two interaction structures (MLS mentor participated in only the first debriefing session and MLS mentor participated in only the last debriefing session).

Filogenia molecular das enzimas isocitrato liase e malato sintase e sua evolução em Viridiplanta

The plant metabolism consists of a complex network of physical and chemical events resulting in photosynthesis, respiration, synthesis and degradation of organic compounds. This is only possible due to the different kinds of responses to many environmental variations that a plant could be subject through evolution, leading also to conquering new surroundings. The glyoxylate cycle is a metabolic pathway found in glyoxysomes plant, which has unique role in the seedling establishment. Considered as a variation of the citric acid cycle, it uses an acetyl coenzyme A molecule, derived from lipids beta-oxidation to synthesize compounds which are used in carbohydrate synthesis. The Malate synthase (MLS) and Isocitrate lyase (ICL) enzyme of this cycle are unique and essential in regulating the biosynthesis of carbohydrates. Because of the absence of decarboxylation steps as rate-limiting steps, detailed studies of molecular phylogeny and evolution of these proteins enables the elucidation of the effects of this route presence in the evolutionary processes involved in their distribution across the genome from different plant species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a relationship between the molecular evolution of the characteristics of enzymes from the glyoxylate cycle (isocitrate lyase and malate synthase) and their molecular phylogeny, among green plants (Viridiplantae). For this, amino acid and nucleotide sequences were used, from online repositories as UniProt and Genbank. Sequences were aligned and then subjected to an analysis of the best-fit substitution models. The phylogeny was rebuilt by distance methods (neighbor-joining) and discrete methods (maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis). The identification of structural patterns in the evolution of the enzymes was made through homology modeling and structure prediction from protein sequences. Based on comparative analyzes of in silico models and from the results of phylogenetic inferences, both enzymes show significant structure conservation and their topologies in agreement with two processes of selection and specialization of the genes. Thus, confirming the relevance of new studies to elucidate the plant metabolism from an evolutionary perspective

Experimental data from column and batch samples

The presented thesis was written in the frame of a project called 'seepage water prognosis'. It was funded by the Federal Ministry for Education and Science (BMBF). 41 German institutions among them research institutes of universities, public authorities and engineering companies were financed for three years respectively. The aim was to work out the scientific basis that is needed to carry out a seepage water prognosis (Oberacker und Eberle, 2002). According to the Federal German Soil Protection Act (Federal Bulletin, 1998) a seepage water prognosis is required in order to avoid future soil impacts from the application of recycling products. The participants focused on the development of either methods to determine the source strength of the materials investigated, which is defined as the total mass flow caused by natural leaching or on models to predict the contaminants transport through the underlying soil. Annual meetings of all participants as well as separate meetings of the two subprojects were held. The department of Geosciences in Bremen participated with two subprojects. The aim of the subproject that resulted in this thesis was the development of easily applicable, valid, and generally accepted laboratory methods for the determination of the source strength. In the scope of the second subproject my colleague Veith Becker developed a computer model for the transport prognosis with the source strength as the main input parameter.

Arteterapia en el final de la vida

El arteterapia permite una aproximación creativa biográfica particularmente valiosa en la etapa final de la vida. La persona enferma presenta múltiples necesidades – físicas, emocionales, sociales y espirituales – que solo una atención holística puede pretender abarcar, tal como lo contempla la filosofía de los cuidados paliativos. El arteterapeuta integrado en el equipo interdisciplinar contribuye a aliviar y acompañar el sufrimiento del paciente y su familia. Se presentan aquí las bases teóricas y la metodología de la intervención, así como el marco sanitario en el cual se inscribe.

Audit of mathematics learning support in Ireland in 2015 – the key findings

In 2015 the Irish Mathematics Learning Support Network (IMLSN) commissioned a comprehensive audit of the extent and nature of mathematics learning support (MLS) provision on the island of Ireland. An online survey was sent to 32 institutions, including universities, institutes of technology, further education and teacher training colleges, and a 97% response rate was achieved. While the headline figure – 84% of institutions that responded to the survey provide MLS – sounds good, deeper analysis reveals that the true state of MLS is not so solid. For example, in 25% of institutions offering MLS, only five hours per week (at most) of physical MLS are available, while in 20% of institutions the service is provided by only one or two staff members. Furthermore, training of tutors is minimal or non-existent in at least half of the institutions offering MLS. The results provide an illuminating picture, however, identifying the true state of MLS in Ireland is beneficial only if it informs developments in the years ahead. This talk will present some of the findings of the survey in more depth along with conclusions and recommendations. Key among these is the need for institutions to recognise MLS as a vital element of mathematics teaching and learning strategy at third level and devote the necessary resources to facilitate the provision of a service which can grow and adapt to meet student requirements.

Enhancing SPH using moving least-squares and radial basis functions

In this paper we consider two sources of enhancement for the meshfree Lagrangian particle method smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) by improving the accuracy of the particle approximation. Namely, we will consider shape functions constructed using: moving least-squares approximation (MLS); radial basis functions (RBF). Using MLS approximation is appealing because polynomial consistency of the particle approximation can be enforced. RBFs further appeal as they allow one to dispense with the smoothing-length - the parameter in the SPH method which governs the number of particles within the support of the shape function. Currently, only ad hoc methods for choosing the smoothing-length exist. We ensure that any enhancement retains the conservative and meshfree nature of SPH. In doing so, we derive a new set of variationally-consistent hydrodynamic equations. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the new equations on the Sod shock tube problem.

Mixed-layer salinity budget in the tropical Indian Ocean: seasonal cycle based only on observations

The mixed-layer salinity (MLS) budget in the tropical Indian Ocean is estimated from a combination of satellite products and in situ observations over the 2004-2012 period, to investigate the mechanisms controlling the seasonal MLS variability. In contrast with previous studies in the tropical Indian Ocean, our results reveal that the coverage, resolution, and quality of available observations are now sufficient to approach a closed monthly climatology seasonal salt budget. In the South-central Arabian Sea and South-western Tropical Indian Ocean (SCAS and STIO, respectively), where seasonal variability of the MLS is pronounced, the monthly MLS tendency terms are well captured by the diagnostic. In the SCAS region, in agreement with previous results, the seasonal cycle of the MLS is mainly due to meridional advection driven by the monsoon winds. In the STIO, contrasting previous results indicating the control of the meridional advection over the seasonal MLS budget, our results reveal the leading role of the freshwater flux due to precipitation.

Influência do sistema anteoxidante da catalase no ciclo do glioxilato durante o estabelecimento pós-germinativo de cártamo (Carthamus tinctorius L.) e de girassol (Helianthus annuus L.)

Oilseeds are a high-value natural resource, due to its use as a substitute for petroleum. However, the storage time can reduce seed viability and oil quality. Therefore, scientific efforts have been made to provide a increment of storage time, germination rates and plant establishment of high-value oilseeds. The seedling establishment depends of the plant pass over the functional transition stage, characterized by a metabolic change from heterotrophic condition to autotrophic one. The storage oil mobilization is performed by β-oxidation process and the glyoxylate cycle. Also, the functional transition involves acclimation to photosynthetic condition, which generally includes the participation of antioxidant system and the reactive oxygen species, the latter are produced in various reactions of primary and secondary metabolism. In the present study, Catalase was inhibited during the functional transition of sunflower and safflower, after were performed many analyzes to elucidate the effects caused on the SOD and APX antioxidant systems. Also, were checked the changes in expression pattern of the glyoxylate cycle enzymes markers, ICL and MLS. It was observed that after CAT inhibition, the SOD and APX antioxidant systems allow the seedling establishment. Besides, was verified that both oilseeds can be accelerate the reverse mobilization and the photosynthetic establishment when Catalase activity has dramatically decreased

Discurso pronunciado en la inauguración de los cursos del Bachillerato en Bibliotecología y Documentación en la Escuela de Bibliotecología de la Universidad Nacional 4 de marzo de 1991

Estimados compañeros:Reciban en nombre propio y de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras un afectuoso saludo de inicio de curso lectivo. Por razones fortuitas, he solicitado a la Decana sustituta de esta Facultad, la M.L.S. Alice Miranda, Directora de vuestra Escuela, que represente a la Facultad en este acto de inicio del curso lectivo.No solamente le he pedido que transmita mis saludos, sino que los inste a hacer propósitos de mejoramiento académico durante este período que inicia. La crisis universitaria forma parte de nuestra institucionalidad. La Universidad desde su nacimiento ha vivido constantemente en crisis. No obstante, como toda crisis, éstas pueden resultar fértiles en realizaciones, si las aprovechamos para el mejoramiento. En este momento nos encontramos reflexionando sobre el carácter mismo de nuestra institucionalidad. Estamos en Congreso Universitario, realizaremos próximamente la Segunda Etapa del Segundo Congreso Universitario. Son momentos de reflexión, son momentos de lucidez, de hacer examen de conciencia, de pensar lo que hemos sido para lanzarnos al porvenir.

Size selectivity of diamond and square mesh cod ends for four by-catch species in the crustacean fishery off the Portuguese south coast

The effects of an increase in cod end mesh size from 55 to 60 and 70 mm and a change of mesh configuration from 55 mm diamond to 55 turn square mesh on the size selectivity of four by-catch species (the red shrimp Aristeus antennatus, the European hake Merluccius merluccius, the horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus and the blue whiting Micromesistius poutassou) commonly captured in the crustacean fishery off the Portuguese south coast, were evaluated. Selectivity parameters for blue whiting, the most abundant species in the catches, were estimated taking into account between-haul variation, while for the remaining species, captured in much lower quantities, the selectivity estimates were based on pooled data by length class for all hauls within the same cod end. Length at 50% retention, L-50, was found to increase with mesh size and with the change in mesh configuration for all the studied species. For blue whiting trawling depth and cod end catch were found to play a role in between-haul variation by increasing L-50 as well. The results suggest that an increase in the current minimum mesh size of 55-70 mm would be advisable to be compatible with the minimum landing sizes (MLSs) of 29 mm carapace length and 27 cm total length for red shrimp and hake, respectively, while it would greatly reduce the amount of discards, particularly those for blue whiting, that accounted for approximately 50% of the total catch weight. Horse mackerel was the only species for which the use of a larger mesh size would result in a significant escapement of individuals above the MLS of 15 cm. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Catches of the sport fishing competitions along the Algarve coast (Portugal): species, sizes, catch rates, and trends

Background. Stocks of many marine fishes are in decline and a number of studies suggest that for some species the impact of recreational angling may be important. To date, only recreational (leisure) fishing surveys have been conducted in Portugal, with no studies on beach angling competitions, dynamically increasing in number over the past 10 to 20 years. In view of the above, we decided to evaluate the impact of such events on the Algarve coast (southern Portugal) in terms of the abundance, diversity, and respective weight of fish species caught and outline some conservation measures and recommendations for the management of the targeted species. Materials and methods. Participants of 22 angling competitions taking place between February and June 2007 were surveyed. In each competition a random sample of anglers was interviewed, and the specimens caught by each participant were identified, weighed, and measured. Results. Thirteen taxa belonging to eight families were identified, and the most common were: garfish, Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761); mullets, Mugilidae (not identified); and mackerels, Scomber spp. A total of 563 specimens were sampled, totalling 75.4 kg of weight, with the average catch per angler weighing 0.5 +/- 0.05 SE (n = 153) kg. Differences were also observed between the length at first maturity (L(50)) of the specimens caught and their respective Minimum Landing Size (MLS) and Allowed Minimum Size (AMS), most particularly in the case of the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), with almost all individuals caught measuring below the species-specific L50. Analysis of time series of competition results (1996-2009) showed no evidence of a decrease in catches or in mean weight. Conclusion. Based on the results we propose that the AMS for beach angling competitions should be increased to the MLS in order to prevent the capture of juvenile fishes, especially the sea bass. Future studies should address the size selectivity of the hooks used in beach competitions, with a view to the implementation of a minimum hook size for competitions.

DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO EM TIMOR-LESTE – ASSIMETRIAS, NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA, ENTRE O RURAL E O URBANO

Timor Leste é um dos mais jovens países do mundo. É um território onde, não obstante as riquezas naturais que possui e a possibilidade de registar níveis elevados de crescimento económico, a população ainda se confronta com carências em muitos sectores fundamentais, como sejam infraestruturas básicas, acesso à saúde, à educação, ao trabalho entre outros, e ainda com uma grande desigualdade em termos de distribuição do rendimento, e que são os principais responsáveis pelas assimetrias existentes em termos de desenvolvimento humano. O combate a estas assimetrias encontra-se subjacente à construção democrática do país, envolvendo a participação da população, através de diversos mecanismos. O objetivo foi analisar as assimetrias na distribuição dos benefícios decorrentes do desenvolvimento humano, caracterizando o acesso à saúde, ao trabalho, à educação, e as infraestruturas básicas existentes. Para concretizar este objetivo, utilizou-se uma metodologia descritiva, de corte transversal, passando pela descrição da situação atual através da recolha de dados primários, obtidos a partir de inquérito por questionário especificamente elaborado para o efeito e aplicados a uma amostra, que contemplava a população urbana e a população rural. Os dados secundários necessários à pesquisa foram provenientes da revisão da literatura realizada sobre a temática em estudo. A análise dos resultados revelou diferenças significativas entre as populações rural e urbana, nomeadamente a nível do rendimento, das condições de vida, das habilitações literárias e do conhecimento do português, da ocupação profissional, identificando por isso um problema de desigualdade entre as duas populações.

TIMOR-LESTE E O MERCADO DOS TÊXTEIS TRADICIONAIS

Os têxteis tradicionais de Timor Leste designados por Tais Timor são uma forma ancestral de definir a identidade da população. Os seus desenhos e cores representaram um padrão único para cada um dos distritos. Para além de serem usados pela população de Timor-Leste, como vestuário e significado cultural, os Tais Timor, também são muito apreciados pelos visitantes de Timor-Leste. Esta actividade económica tem tido novos desenvolvimentos, quer em termos dos padrões, quer do design. Como tal pode e deve ser uma forte aposta para os mercados nacional e internacional, representando assim uma mais-valia para desenvolvimento futuro de Timor-Leste. O objectivo deste estudo é caracterizar o mercado dos têxteis de Tais Timor, em Timor-Leste, nas vertentes da produção, da comercialização e do consumo. A recolha de dados primários utilizou inquéritos por questionário endereçados a produtores, vendedores e consumidores dos Tais Timor. Os dados foram analisados utilizando instrumentos estatísticos. Os resultados mostram que a produção e comercialização utiliza técnicas tradicionais e rudimentares, produzindo maioritariamente os produtos clássicos Tais Mane, Tais Feto, Salendas e Cachecol e que precisa de modernização nas diferentes área de negócio, para poder almejar alcançar os mercados internacionais e que os consumidores internacionais devem ser um alvo a explorar para a consolidação deste mercado.

A importância do Feijão Mungo no Suco de Leolima, Sub Distrito Balibo, Distrito de Bobonaro – análise da sua Produção e Comercialização

Timor-Leste é um país agrícola onde a maioria da população (85%) depende do sector primário para a sua sobrevivência seja através da agricultura, floresta e pecuária, seja da pesca. O feijão mungo é um produto agrícola com alguma representatividade na alimentação da população timorense. Com o objetivo de analisar a produção e a comercialização do feijão mungo, nomeadamente, o rendimento dos agricultores, a utilização dos recursos, as formas de financiamento e a comercialização e respetivos custos e fazer sugestões de melhorias futuras para a agricultura familiar no suco de Leolima, foi desenvolvido um estudo suportado no método descritivo. Os resultados evidenciam diferenças entre aldeias na produção total de feijão mungo, no ano de 2013, no Suco considerado. A comercialização é realizada, sobretudo no mercado do Sub Distrito de Balibo (Leo-Atsabe), a outros agricultores e à venda direta ao consumidor final. O rendimento e o bem-estar dos agricultores de feijão mungo apresentam diferenças entre aldeias, assim como a utilização dos recursos, do capital próprio para financiamento e do trabalho familiar.