Nanocomposites: the contribution of multiscale modelling to improve the dispersion levels

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciência e Engenharia de Polímeros e Compósitos

A network approach to brain aging through multimodal neuroimaging

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências da Saúde.

Angular velocity and acceleration

In this chapter, a complete characterization of the angular velocity and angular acceleration for rigid bodies in spatial multibody systems are presented. For both cases, local and global formulations are described taking into account the advantages of using Euler parameters. In this process, the transformation between global and local components of the angular velocity and time derivative of the Euler parameters are analyzed and discussed in this chapter.

Blow-up and finite time extinction for p(x, t)-curl systems arising in electromagnetism

"Available online 22 March 2016"

Percepción y participación ciudadana para una cultura científico-tecnológica en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina.

En el marco del eje nacional para el Bicentenario, lograr un país independiente y soberano a través del desarrollo del conocimiento, la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación (DNPyE/SECyT. (2006) Plan Estratégico Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. Bicentenario- (2006-2010)), así como de las acciones que se están desarrollando para el fomento de la ciencia y la tecnología, a las que se ha sumado el Gobierno de Córdoba y, particularmente el Ministerio de Educación, con el compromiso de contribuir con la mejora de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las Ciencias propiciando el acercamiento entre la escuela, los ámbitos de producción del conocimiento y la sociedad, se plantea el presente proyecto. Se parte del reconocimiento de la importancia del desarrollo y la apropiación del conocimiento científico-tecnológico en la sociedad y del valor de la educación científica, debido a que contribuyen al crecimiento individual y social fomentando la innovación y la competitividad productiva. En tal sentido, la percepción sobre la ciencia y la tecnología que poseen los ciudadanos de una comunidad debe ser considerada y analizada, ya que es determinante en el diseño, ejecución y evaluación de las políticas científico-tecnológicas y educativas. Por lo anterior, se pretende realizar la presente investigación en Córdoba, como un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con el fin de determinar cuál es la percepción social de la ciencia y la tecnología que tienen los agentes de los distintos ámbitos: educativo, empresarial, gubernamental, mediático y social. Esta investigación forma parte de un trabajo más amplio, dirigido al diseño de un modelo de participación ciudadana que estimule el uso de los resultados de la investigación científica y tecnológica en beneficio del desarrollo social y económico en Córdoba-Argentina, Jalisco-México, Región Sucre- Venezuela y Managua-Nicaragua. (Estudio comparado). Se pretende avanzar en determinación de indicadores regionales compartidos, a partir de metodologías ajustadas a las características sociales, políticas y económicas de los involucrados y obtener, a partir de allí, algunos lineamientos de política local y global. Es intención, articular un marco de análisis y evaluación acerca de cuán “científicamente orientada” se encuentra una sociedad en un momento histórico determinado, el cual permita evaluar el funcionamiento y desempeño científico-tecnológico en la dinámica cultural y productiva.

Percepción y participación Ciudadana para una Cultura Científico-tecnológica en la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

En el marco del eje nacional para el Bicentenario, lograr un país independiente y soberano a través del desarrollo del conocimiento, la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación (DNPyE/SECyT. (2006), así como de las acciones que se están desarrollando para el fomento de la ciencia y la tecnología, a las que se ha sumado el Gobierno de Córdoba y, particularmente el Ministerio de Educación y de Ciencia y Tecnológia, con el compromiso de contribuir con la mejora de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las Ciencias propiciando el acercamiento entre la escuela, los ámbitos de producción del conocimiento y la sociedad, se plantea el presente proyecto. Se parte del reconocimiento de la importancia del desarrollo y la apropiación del conocimiento científico-tecnológico en la sociedad y del valor de la educación científica, debido a que contribuyen al crecimiento individual y social fomentando la innovación y la competitividad productiva. En tal sentido, la percepción sobre la ciencia y la tecnología que posen los ciudadanos de una comunidad debe ser considerada y analizada, ya que es determinante en el diseño, ejecución y evaluación de las políticas científico-tecnológica y educativa. Por lo anterior, se pretende realizar la presente investigación en Córdoba, como un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con el fin de determinar cuál es la percepción social de la ciencia y la tecnología que tienen los agentes de los distintos ámbitos: educativo, empresarial, gubernamental, mediático y social. Esta investigación formará parte de un trabajo más amplio, dirigido al diseño de un modelo de participación ciudadana que estimule el uso de los resultados de la investigación científica y tecnológica en beneficio del desarrollo social y económico en Córdoba-Argentina, Jalisco-México, Región Sucre- Venezuela y Managua-Nicaragua. (Estudio comparado). Se pretende avanzar en determinación de indicadores regionales compartidos, a partir de metodologías ajustadas a las características sociales, políticas y económicas de los involucrados y obtener, a partir de allí, algunos lineamientos de política local y global. Es intención, articular un marco de análisis y evaluación acerca de cuán “científicamente orientada” se encuentra una sociedad en un momento histórico determinado, el cual permita evaluar el funcionamiento y desempeño científico-tecnológico en la dinámica cultural y productiva.

Properties of functional brain networks correlate with frequency of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.

Abnormalities in the topology of brain networks may be an important feature and etiological factor for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). To explore this possibility, we applied a graph theoretical approach to functional networks based on resting state EEGs from 13 PNES patients and 13 age- and gender-matched controls. The networks were extracted from Laplacian-transformed time-series by a cross-correlation method. PNES patients showed close to normal local and global connectivity and small-world structure, estimated with clustering coefficient, modularity, global efficiency, and small-worldness (SW) metrics, respectively. Yet the number of PNES attacks per month correlated with a weakness of local connectedness and a skewed balance between local and global connectedness quantified with SW, all in EEG alpha band. In beta band, patients demonstrated above-normal resiliency, measured with assortativity coefficient, which also correlated with the frequency of PNES attacks. This interictal EEG phenotype may help improve differentiation between PNES and epilepsy. The results also suggest that local connectivity could be a target for therapeutic interventions in PNES. Selective modulation (strengthening) of local connectivity might improve the skewed balance between local and global connectivity and so prevent PNES events.

Rigid flat webs on the projective plane

This paper studies global webs on the projective plane with vanishing curvature. The study is based on an interplay of local and global arguments. The main local ingredient is a criterium for the regularity of the curvature at the neighborhood of a generic point of the discriminant. The main global ingredient, the Legendre transform, is an avatar of classical projective duality in the realm of differential equations. We show that the Legendre transform of what we call reduced convex foliations are webs with zero curvature, and we exhibit a countable infinity family of convex foliations which give rise to a family of webs with zero curvature not admitting non-trivial deformations with zero curvature.

Cibernautes de la memòria : la construcció de la memòria col·lectiva de la guerra civil espanyola a través de la participació en espais virtuals de comunicació. El cas de la llista de distribució "Guerra Civil Española"

El present treball fa una anàlisi de la construcció, presència i reivindicació de la memòria col·lectiva de la guerra civil espanyola a internet mitjançant l'anàlisi etnogràfic de les interaccions i pràctiques en un espai de comunicació virtual: el de la llista de distribució "Guerra Civil Española". Aquest estudi de cas es contextualitza en el marc d'un doble escenari global i local, el context global de la cultura de la memòria a la societat de la informació i el context local de la dinàmica de la presència de la memòria de la guerra civil a l'entorn social i polític de l'Estat Espanyol al llarg dels darrers 30 anys.

Space-time within general relativity : a structural realist understanding

ABSTRACT This dissertation investigates the, nature of space-time as described by the theory of general relativity. It mainly argues that space-time can be naturally interpreted as a physical structure in the precise sense of a network of concrete space-time relations among concrete space-time points that do not possess any intrinsic properties and any intrinsic identity. Such an interpretation is fundamentally based on two related key features of general relativity, namely substantive general covariance and background independence, where substantive general covariance is understood as a gauge-theoretic invariance under active diffeomorphisms and background independence is understood in the sense that the metric (or gravitational) field is dynamical and that, strictly speaking, it cannot be uniquely split into a purely gravitational part and a fixed purely inertial part or background. More broadly, a precise notion of (physical) structure is developed within the framework of a moderate version of structural realism understood as a metaphysical claim about what there is in the world. So, the developement of this moderate structural realism pursues two main aims. The first is purely metaphysical, the aim being to develop a coherent metaphysics of structures and of objects (particular attention is paid to the questions of identity and individuality of these latter within this structural realist framework). The second is to argue that moderate structural realism provides a convincing interpretation of the world as described by fundamental physics and in particular of space-time as described by general relativity. This structuralist interpretation of space-time is discussed within the traditional substantivalist-relationalist debate, which is best understood within the broader framework of the question about the relationship between space-time on the one hand and matter on the other. In particular, it is claimed that space-time structuralism does not constitute a 'tertium quid' in the traditional debate. Some new light on the question of the nature of space-time may be shed from the fundamental foundational issue of space-time singularities. Their possible 'non-local' (or global) feature is discussed in some detail and it is argued that a broad structuralist conception of space-time may provide a physically meaningful understanding of space-time singularities, which is not plagued by the conceptual difficulties of the usual atomsitic framework. Indeed, part of these difficulties may come from the standard differential geometric description of space-time, which encodes to some extent this atomistic framework; it raises the question of the importance of the mathematical formalism for the interpretation of space-time.

Multi-scale label interaction to improve object detection and segmentation

The project aims at advancing the state of the art in the use of context information for classification of image and video data. The use of context in the classification of images has been showed of great importance to improve the performance of actual object recognition systems. In our project we proposed the concept of Multi-scale Feature Labels as a general and compact method to exploit the local and global context. The feature extraction from the discriminative probability or classification confidence label field is of great novelty. Moreover the use of a multi-scale representation of the feature labels lead to a compact and efficient description of the context. The goal of the project has been also to provide a general-purpose method and prove its suitability in different image/video analysis problem. The two-year project generated 5 journal publications (plus 2 under submission), 10 conference publications (plus 2 under submission) and one patent (plus 1 pending). Of these publications, a relevant number make use of the main result of this project to improve the results in detection and/or segmentation of objects.

Emerging narratives of conference interpreters’ training: a case study of ad hoc training in Babels and the Social Forum

Desde una perspectiva narrativa, este artículo explora cómo la práctica y la formación en interpretación de conferenciasse han percibido en la disciplina, en la profesión y en diferentescolectivos de traductores e interpretes comprometid@s como ECOSy Babels. Sostiene que estas distintas maneras de percibir la interpretación no son meramente opuestas sino que su potencial confluencia es clave para hacer posible una interpretación de conferencias más comprometida políticamente y más socio-crítica en un mundo de desigualdades cada vez más acentuadas y de mercantilización creciente de todos los aspectos de la vida. El artículo lleva a cabo un estudio de caso sobre la formación ad hoc de intérpretes en el Foro Social, en particular el Foro Social Europeo de Londres, y analiza cómo el trabajo colectivo entre instituciones educativas y sociedad civil tanto local como global ha dado luz a prácticas transformadoras hacia una metodología de formación mássocio-critica y con mayor consciencia ética.

O ensino e a prática da contabilidade, orientado para o desenvolvimento de competências científicas, tecnológicas e relacionais

A dissertação que ora apresentamos visa a obtenção do grau de mestre no MBA - Gestão de Empresas, pelo ISCTE Business School, Departamento de Gestão. Intitulado o ensino e prática da Contabilidade, orientado para o desenvolvimento de competências científicas, tecnológicas e relacionais, este estudo foi desenvolvido para tentarmos perceber até que ponto o ensino da contabilidade, no instituto eleito para o efeito, corresponde às expectativas da profissão, atendendo às competências que o mercado, inserido num mundo global em constantes mutações, determina como fundamentais para o sucesso da carreira contabilística. Com novas necessidades em competências, na prática contabilística, resultantes da utilização das TICs, presentes em qualquer ramo da esfera humana, tentámos perceber se o currículo do Curso de Contabilidade, do instituto, está projectado para conferir, aos diplomados, competências do saber-saber, saber-fazer, e saber-ser, em conformidade com tais necessidades ou, pelo contrário, baseia-se numa perspectiva tradicional assente numa pedagogia por objectivos, encontrando-se desactualizado. Tratou-se de um estudo de caso, numa investigação qualitativa holística, que permitiu desenvolver compreensões a partir das evidências reunidas, das representações dos sujeitos sobre quem recaem os resultados da investigação, que estabelecem uma relação indirecta com os mesmos resultados. Dos resultados obtidos, percebemos que o currículo do Curso de Contabilidade não se adequa a um currículo baseado em competências, sendo inadequado à realidade contabilística actual, local e global. As conclusões chegadas permitem-nos defender uma revisão curricular do curso para adequá-lo às competências necessárias à garantia duma profissão de contabilista de sucesso. Como contributo, propomos um plano de estudos alternativo. The present dissertation aims at obtaining the master degree in MBA - Management, ISCTE Business School, Department of Management. Titled the teaching and practice of accounting, aimed at developing scientific, technology and relations competencies, this study was designed trying to realize the extent to which accounting education, at the institute elected for that, has met the expectations of the profession given the skills that the market, housed in a global world in constant change, establishes as fundamental to successful accounting career. With new skills needs in accounting practice, resulting from the use of ICT, present in any branch of the human sphere, we tried to see if the accounting course curriculum, of the institute, is designed to give graduates the skills of knowing how to know, knowing how to do and how to be or, conversely, is based on a traditional perspective based on a pedagogy by objectives, and is outdated. It was a case study, a holistic qualitative research, which allowed us to develop insights from the evidence gathered, the representations of the subjects on whom fall the results of research, establishing an indirect link with the same results. From our results, we find that the accounting course curriculum is not appropriate for a curriculum based on skills, and unsuited to current accounting practice, locally and globally. The conclusions reached allow us to defend a curriculum review of the course to suit the skills necessary to ensure a successful accountancy profession. As a contribution, we propose an alternative curriculum.

Sustainability of the Peruvian anchoveta supply chains from sea to shelf: towards a new strategy for optimal use of resources

The research performed a sustainability assessment of supply chains of the anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) in Peru. The corresponding fisheries lands 6.5 million t per year, of which <2% is rendered into products for direct human consumption (DHC) and 98% reduced into feed ingredients (fishmeal and fish oil, FMFO), for export. Several industries compete for the anchoveta resources, generating local and global impacts. The need for understanding these dynamics, towards sustainability-improving management and policy recommendations, determined the development of a sustainability assessment framework: 1) characterisation and modelling of the systems under study (with Life Cycle Assessment and other tools) including local aquaculture, 2) calculation of sustainability indicators (i.e. energy efficiency, nutritional value, socio-economic performances), and 3) sustainability comparison of supply chains; definition and comparison of alternative exploitation scenarios. Future exploitation scenarios were defined by combining an ecosystem and a material flow models: continuation of the status quo (Scenario 1), shift towards increased proportion of DHC production (Scenario 2), and radical reduction of the anchoveta harvest in order for other fish stocks to recover and be exploited for DHC (Scenario 3). Scenario 2 was identified as the most sustainable. Management and policy recommendations include improving of: controls for compliance with management measures, sanitary conditions for DHC, landing infrastructure for small- and medium-scale (SMS) fisheries; the development of a national refrigerated distribution chain; and the assignation of flexible tolerances for discards from different DHC processes.

Coexistence of specialist and generalist species is shaped by dispersal and environmental factors.

Disentangling the mechanisms mediating the coexistence of habitat specialists and generalists has been a long-standing subject of investigation. However, the roles of species traits and environmental and spatial factors have not been assessed in a unifying theoretical framework. Theory suggests that specialist species are more competitive in natural communities. However, empirical work has shown that specialist species are declining worldwide due to habitat loss and fragmentation. We addressed the question of the coexistence of specialist and generalist species with a spatially explicit metacommunity model in continuous and heterogeneous environments. We characterized how species' dispersal abilities, the number of interacting species, environmental spatial autocorrelation, and disturbance impact community composition. Our results demonstrated that species' dispersal ability and the number of interacting species had a drastic influence on the composition of metacommunities. More specialized species coexisted when species had large dispersal abilities and when the number of interacting species was high. Disturbance selected against highly specialized species, whereas environmental spatial autocorrelation had a marginal impact. Interestingly, species richness and niche breadth were mainly positively correlated at the community scale but were negatively correlated at the metacommunity scale. Numerous diversely specialized species can thus coexist, but both species' intrinsic traits and environmental factors interact to shape the specialization signatures of communities at both the local and global scales.