He喷嘴带传输及X-γ符合测量装置

本文介绍了He喷嘴带传输及X-γ符合测量装置对重缺中子远离核作活性分离鉴别的基本原理和技术路线，以及该装置首次在本所在线完成的实验结果。通过对110 MeV ~(16)O+~(185)Re实验主要反应产物的测量，指定出~(195)Bi，~(196)Bi，~(192)Tl的半衰期分别为3.11 ± 0.30，4.39 ± 0.53和10.8 ± 1.8 Min，与文献报道一致，并根据母子体衰变平衡拐点Tm初步分析了~(195)Pb；在110 MeV ~(16)O+~(142)Nd实验中，首次测量了~(153)Er的EC/β~+衰变，得到其下列四条新γ线：188.6，352.3，400.0，451.6 KeV(±0.3KeV)，并指定其寿命值T_(1/2) = 35.3 ± 1.6 Sec，与文献报道的根据α衰变测得的半衰期36 ± 2 Sec一致

HE PHASE TRANSFER OF CO(II) CATALYZED BY 2,2 '-BIPYRIDINE AT THE WATER/NITROBENZENE INTERFACE

The chemical reactions coupled with the phase transfer of Co(Ⅱ) catalyzed by 2,2′ -bipyridine across the water/nitrobenzene interface have been observed by using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Coupled chemical reactions both in the organic phase or in the aqueus phase influence the CV behavior of successive complex phase transfer obviously and an irreversible phenomenon similar to that existed at the metal electrode/electrolyte solution interface was observed. For different complexes, the phase transfer mechanism...

He, Ne and Ar isotope compositions of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal sulfides from the TAG hydrothermal field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Helium, rieon and argon isotope compositions of fluid inclusions have been measured in hydrothermal sulfide samples from the TAG hydrothermal field at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Fluid-inclusion He-3/He-4 ratios are 2.2-13.3 times the air value (Ra), and with a mean of 7.2 Ra. Comparison with the local vent fluids (He-3/He-4=7.5-8.2 Ra) and mid-ocean ridge basalt values (He-3/He-4=6-11 Ra) shows that the variation range of He-3/He-4 ratios from sulfide-hosted fluid inclusions is significantly large. Values for Ne-20/Ne-22 are from 10.2 to 11.4, which are significantly higher than the atmospheric ratio (9.8). And fluid-inclusion Ar-40/Ar-36 ratios range from 287 to 359, which are close to the atmospheric values (295.5). These results indicate that the noble gases of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal sulfides are a mixture of mantle- and seawater-derived noble gases; the partial mantle-derived components of trapped hydrothermal fluids may be from the lower mantle; the helium of fluid inclusions is mainly from upper mantle; and the Ne and Ar components are mainly from seawater.

He, Ne and Ar isotopic composition of Fe-Mn crusts from the western and central Pacific Ocean and implications for their genesis

The noble gas nuclide abundances and isotopic ratios of the upmost layer of Fe-Mn crusts from the western and central Pacific Ocean have been determined. The results indicate that the He and Ar nuclide abundances and isotopic ratios can be classified into two types: low He-3/He-4 type and high He-3/He-4 type. The low He-3/He-4 type is characterized by high He-4 abundances of 191x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1) on average, with variable He-4, Ne-20 and Ar-40 abundances in the range (42.8-421)x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1), (5.40-141)x10(-9)cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1), and (773-10976)x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1), respectively. The high He-3/He-4 samples are characterized by low He-4 abundances of 11.7x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1) on average, with He-4, Ne-20 and Ar-40 abundances in the range of (7.57-17.4)x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1), (110.4-25.5)x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1) and (5354-9050)x10(-9) cm(3.)STP(.)g(-1), respectively. The low He-3/He-4 samples have He-3/He-4 ratios (with RIRA ratios of 2.04-2.92) which are lower than those of MORB (R/R-A=8 +/- 1) and Ar-40/Ar-36 ratios (447-543) which are higher than those of air (295.5). The high He-3/He-4 samples have He-3/He-4 ratios (with R/R-A ratios of 10.4-12.0) slightly higher than those of MORB (R/R-A=8 +/- 1) and Ar-40/Ar-36 ratios (293-299) very similar to those of air (295.5). The Ne isotopic ratios (Ne-20/Ne-22 and Ne-21/Ne-22 ratios of 10.3-10.9 and 0.02774-0.03039, respectively) and the Ar-38/Ar-36 ratios (0.1886-0.1963) have narrow ranges which are very similar to those of air (the Ne-20/Ne-22, Ne-21/Ne-22, Ar-38/Ar-36 ratios of 9.80, 0.029 and 0.187, respectively), and cannot be differentiated into different groups. The noble gas nuclide abundances and isotopic ratios, together with their regional variability, suggest that the noble gases in the Fe-Mn crusts originate primarily from the lower mantle. The low He-3/He-4 type and high He-3/He-4 type samples have noble gas characteristics similar to those of HIMU (High U/Pb Mantle)- and EM (Enriched Mantle)-type mantle material, respectively. The low He-3/He-4 type samples with HIMU-type noble gas isotopic ratios occur in the Magellan Seamounts, Marcus-Wake Seamounts, Marshall Island Chain and the Mid-Pacific Seamounts whereas the high He-3/He-4 type samples with EM-type noble gas isotopic ratios occur in the Line Island Chain. This difference in noble gas characteristics of these crust types implies that the Magellan Seamounts, Marcus-Wake Seamounts, Marshall Island Chain, and the Mid-Pacific Seamounts originated from HIMU-type lower mantle material whereas the Line Island Chain originated from EM-type lower mantle material. This finding is consistent with variations in the Pb-isotope and trace element signatures in the seamount lavas. Differences in the mantle surce may therefore be responsible for variations in the noble gas abundances and isotopic ratios in the Fe-Mn crusts. Mantle degassing appears to be the principal factor controlling noble gas isotopic abundances in Fe-Mn crusts. Decay of radioactive isotopes has a negligible influence on the nuclide abundances and isotopic ratios of noble gases in these crusts on the timescale of their formation.

湖南芙蓉锡矿田流体包裹体的He同位素组成及成矿流体来源示踪

芙蓉锡矿田位于湖南省骑田岭花岗岩体的南部，是一个新近发现的超大型锡矿田．与以往所研究的与S型花岗岩有关的锡矿床明显不同，这个矿田在时空上都与骑田岭A型花岗岩密切相关．该矿田矿石硫化物流体包裹体的^3He／^4He测定值为0．14～2．95Ra，低于地幔的^3He／^4He值（6～7Ra），且高于地壳的^3He／^4He值（0．01～0．05Ra）．这表明芙蓉锡矿田成矿流体中的He具壳幔两端元混合的特点．该区一致的硫、锶及其他证据也都表明，深部地幔物质确实参与了该区锡的成矿．骑田岭岩体属造山期后张性环境下形成的A型花岗岩类．芙蓉锡矿田就产在骑田岭岩体的内外接触带或岩体中，其主成矿期与骑田岭岩体的形成时间相当吻合，且两者均具壳幔两端元混合成因的特征，所以其形成地球动力学背景可能均与中生代华南岩石圈的拉张、伸展作用密切相关．

郯庐断裂带温泉和天然气的He、Ar同位素组成特征及其构造活动

郯庐断裂带是中国东部一条长期发展起来的，至今仍在活动的巨型超壳深断裂。其本身所具有的重要地质意义，一直吸引着重多的地质工作者。本文就是从稀有气体方面对郯庐断裂带的构造特征做一个探索性的研究。沿郯庐断裂带的温泉及天然气，其R/Ra(R =(~3He/~4He)样，Ra为空气样值）大于1，最高达5 ～ 6，显示了He的部分地幔来源。Ar同位素也有类似特征，除去时间效应，天然气的~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar过剩，同样批示Ar的部分地幔来源。这都表明了郯庐断裂带是一条超亮深断裂，如此才能使得沿带的温泉及天然气的Ha、Ar含有幔源成分。对比带外的温泉及天然气的He、Ar同位素，均体现大气与地壳来源。天然气样所在储集层的年代从志留系（S）到晚第三纪（N），均显示了He、Ar的地幔来源。可以推知，郯庐断裂带具有长期的活动性，是长期发展起来的。温泉是现代地质活动的一种表征，其R/Ra值最高达4.41，显示了He的地幔来源，表明郯庐断裂带在现代仍具有活动性。