Religião, ensino religioso e cotidianos da escola: discutindo a laicidade na rede pública estadual do Rio de Janeiro

As diferentes religiões circulam no espaço escolar como mais um elemento das diferenças que caracterizam e desafiam a escola. Por esse motivo, devem ser respeitadas. Entretanto, nem sempre a escola se mantém laica e, muitas vezes, as religiões aparecem de forma desigual e segregadora. Enquanto algumas, em especial, as cristãs, são exaltadas, outras são reprimidas ou invisibilizadas, o que demonstra um desrespeito às diferenças religiosas e à laicidade da escola. Nesse sentido, faz-se necessário abordar a questão complexa e conflituosa das diferenças culturais e religiosas no espaço escolar e as suas consequências no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e sensação de pertencimento dos estudantes, em especial dos adeptos das minorias religiosas. Para a investigação e análise da presença da religião no espaço escolar e os impactos causados por ela, a cultura material escolar tem grande relevância. Através dos objetos encontrados na escola, ou até mesmo, através da ausência deles, podemos aferir como a escola trata a diferença e como ela pode se tornar um agente fomentador de intolerância religiosa. Livros didáticos, murais, avaliações, entre outros materiais, são fontes importantes. Além disso, a forma como os educadores tratam a questão também é uma importante fonte para a análise da presença das religiões e seus embates no cotidiano escolar. Dentro dessa discussão, entra a religião legitimada, dentro da escola, através da disciplina de Ensino Religioso, sua contextualização histórica, interesses políticos e religiosos e suas consequências.

Vis-á-Vis-á-Vis. The Three-dimensional and artistic view of a problem

ANPO (A Non-predefined Outcome) is an an art-making methodology that employs structuralist theory of language (Saussure, Lacan, Foucault) combined with Hegel’s dialectic and the theory of creation of space by Lefebvre to generate spaces of dialogue and conversation between community members and different stakeholders. These theories of language are used to find artistic ways of representing a topic that community members have previously chosen. The topic is approached in a way that allows a visual, aural, performative and gustative form. To achieve this, the methodology is split in four main steps: step 1 ‘This is not a chair’, Step 2 ‘The topic’, Step 3 ‘ Vis-á-vis-á-vis’ and step 4. ‘Dialectical representation’ where the defined topic is used to generate artistic representations.The step 1 is a warm up exercise informed by the Rene Magritte painting ‘This is not a Pipe’. This exercise aims to help the participants to see an object as something else than an object but as a consequence of social implications. Step 2, participants choose a random topic and vote for it. The artist/facilitator does not predetermine the topic, participants are the one who propose it and choose it. Step 3, will be analysed in this publication and finally step 4, the broken down topic is taken to be represented and analysed in different ways. 

Acculturation and religion in schools: the views of young people from minority belief backgrounds

This paper aims to explore the relationship between religious identity, acculturation strategies and perceptions of acculturation orientation in the school context amongst young people from minority
belief backgrounds. Based on a qualitative study including interviews with 26 young people from religious minority belief backgrounds in Northern Ireland, it is argued that acculturation theory provides a useful lens for understanding how young people from religious minority belief backgrounds navigate majority religious school contexts. Using a qualitative approach to explore acculturation theory enables an in-depth understanding of the inter-relationship between minority belief youth’s acculturation strategies and their respective school contexts. Similar to previous research, integrationist attitudes generally prevailed amongst minority belief young people in this study. The findings highlight how young people negotiate their religious identities in a complex web of inter-relationships between their minority religious belief community and the mainstream school culture as represented through peer and staff attitudes, school ethos and practices and religious education. Young people demonstrated differentiated understandings of acculturation orientations within the school context, which they evaluated on the basis of complex perceptions of educational policy, interpersonal relationships and individuals’ motivations. Findings are discussed in view of acculturation tensions, which arose particularly in relation to the religious education curriculum and their implications for opt-out provision as stipulated by human rights law.

Toward Mutual Ground

Book Review: Toward mutual ground, edited by Gareth Byrne and Patricia Kieran, Dublin,
Columba Press, 2013, 240 pp., £16.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-78218-053-1

Choosing to be Jews: a Sociological Reflection on American Jews Since 1950, pt. 1

The second half of the twentieth century has been a time when American Jews have experienced a minimum of prejudice and almost all domains of life have been accessible to them, but it has also been a time of assimilation, of swelling rates of inter-marriage, and of large numbers ignoring their Jewishness completely. Jews have no trouble building synagogues, but they have all sorts of trouble filling them. The quality of Jewish education is perhaps higher than ever before, and the output of Jewish scholarship is overwhelming in its scope and quality, but most American Jews receive a minimum of religious education and can neither read nor comprehend the great corpus of Jewish literature in its Hebrew (or Aramaic) original. This is a time in America when there is no shame in being a Jew, and yet fewer American Jews seem to know what being a Jew means. This book is part of a stocktaking that has been occurring among Jews as the century in which their residence in America was firmly established comes to an end. Grounded in empirical detail, it provides a concise yet analytic evaluation of the meaning of the many studies and surveys of the last four and a half decades. All those who want to know what it means and has meant to be an American Jew will find this volume of interest.

Choosing to be Jews: a Sociological Reflection on American Jews Since 1950, pt. 2

The second half of the twentieth century has been a time when American Jews have experienced a minimum of prejudice and almost all domains of life have been accessible to them, but it has also been a time of assimilation, of swelling rates of inter-marriage, and of large numbers ignoring their Jewishness completely. Jews have no trouble building synagogues, but they have all sorts of trouble filling them. The quality of Jewish education is perhaps higher than ever before, and the output of Jewish scholarship is overwhelming in its scope and quality, but most American Jews receive a minimum of religious education and can neither read nor comprehend the great corpus of Jewish literature in its Hebrew (or Aramaic) original. This is a time in America when there is no shame in being a Jew, and yet fewer American Jews seem to know what being a Jew means. This book is part of a stocktaking that has been occurring among Jews as the century in which their residence in America was firmly established comes to an end. Grounded in empirical detail, it provides a concise yet analytic evaluation of the meaning of the many studies and surveys of the last four and a half decades. All those who want to know what it means and has meant to be an American Jew will find this volume of interest.

Choosing to be Jews: a Sociological Reflection on American Jews Since 1950, pt. 3

The second half of the twentieth century has been a time when American Jews have experienced a minimum of prejudice and almost all domains of life have been accessible to them, but it has also been a time of assimilation, of swelling rates of inter-marriage, and of large numbers ignoring their Jewishness completely. Jews have no trouble building synagogues, but they have all sorts of trouble filling them. The quality of Jewish education is perhaps higher than ever before, and the output of Jewish scholarship is overwhelming in its scope and quality, but most American Jews receive a minimum of religious education and can neither read nor comprehend the great corpus of Jewish literature in its Hebrew (or Aramaic) original. This is a time in America when there is no shame in being a Jew, and yet fewer American Jews seem to know what being a Jew means. This book is part of a stocktaking that has been occurring among Jews as the century in which their residence in America was firmly established comes to an end. Grounded in empirical detail, it provides a concise yet analytic evaluation of the meaning of the many studies and surveys of the last four and a half decades. All those who want to know what it means and has meant to be an American Jew will find this volume of interest.

La place de Jean-Jacques Rousseau dans la philosophie kantienne de l'éducation

En vue de saisir la pensée kantienne dans toute sa virulence, on ne peut jamais faire abstraction de la place éminente de Jean-Jacques Rousseau dans cette philosophie qui ne cesse pas à marquer, à définir et à poser des jalons de la pensée moderne. À cet égard, si le Genevois communique les grandes leçons de sa théorie de l’homme sous la guise d’une éducation, il s’agit ici non pas d’une philosophie de l’éducation mais bien plus d’une philosophie comme éducation. C’est effectivement cette thèse que Kant reprend, suit et enrichie d’une manière sui generis pour renverser l’ordre théorique mais surtout pratique de religion-moralité-devoir et libérer une fois pour toutes la morale des dogmes théologiques et finalement pour édifier une philosophie pratique comme l’éducation de l’espèce humaine. Le but de cette étude est de jeter quelques lumières sur la place sans pareille de Jean-Jacques Rousseau dans la philosophie kantienne de l’éducation.

Le dialogue dans le programme scolaire d'éthique et culture religieuse : débats, bilan et prospective

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Eixos de formação para o ensino religioso : um estudo de caso sobre o objecto de estudo do ensino religioso

Neste artigo nos propomos a descrever enquanto eixo de formação de educadores para o ensino religioso o próprio objeto de estudo do Ensino Religioso com vistas à ressignificação do currículo escolar a partir do específico de estudo das diferentes áreas do conhecimento objetiva dos neste mesmo documento. Através da disciplina ministrada em caráter “especial” a licenciandos dos cursos de história, ciências sociais e pedagogia,propôs-se a coleta de dados por meio de questionários dirigidos aos professores da disciplina de Ensino Religioso das unidades de ensino da rede pública municipal e estadual de Londrina/PR, onde se argüiu o conhecimento do docente sobre o objeto de estudo da área que ministra. As análises aos dados estão em sendo elaborados,embora preliminarmente possamos tecer considerações a um desvinculo entre as respostas ao objeto da área estudado pelos entrevistados em cotejo ao específico epistêmico característico ao instituto educacional aqui fundamentado.

Anotações sobre religião e formação de professores

Com o objetivo de trazer mais reflexões que respostas e assumindo as relações entre religião, cultura e educação, o presente texto defende a educação como uma prática cultural e a cultura como prática essencialmente humana. Defende, ainda, que não faz sentido falar na definição do ensino religioso como um componente curricular – discutindo aspectos tais como o que, como, para que e para quem ensinar – se esta não for acompanhada de reflexões sobre a formação inicial de professores, tanto no âmbito inicial, quanto no continuado.

O ensino religioso em Franz Rosenzwieg

Frente a discussão que se apresenta sobre “Ensino de Religião”, essa comunicação pretende propor uma reflexão a partir do pensador Franz Rosenzweig (1886-1929). Partindo do pressuposto que a religião se dá na experiência concreta, Rosenzweig terá como preocupação principal o ensino religioso, o que transforma uma possível teoria da religião em uma pedagogia da religião, pois, para ele, compreender judaísmo é praticar judaísmo. O objetivo de Rosenzweig não é validar o judaísmo – a religião. É a experiência pessoal que funda seu pensamento e esta experiência é expressa na linguagem do judaísmo.

O uso dos textos sagrados em ensino religioso : algumas notas para não cair no discurso doutrinário

O uso dos textos sagrados em Ensino Religioso pode nos levar às armadilhas das defesas de doutrinas, teologias conservadoras e, sobretudo, reduzir a análise do fenômeno religioso a uma leitura alheia às questões religiosas e suas interfaces na sociedade ou numa leitura completamente prisioneira dos interesses institucionais. Partimos do princípio que a disciplina de Ensino Religioso deve tratar do fenômeno religioso em sua amplitude e assim assumir um caráter pluralista. Nesta perspectiva haveria de considerarmos a hermenêutica uma ferramenta primordial para não cairmos nestas armadilhas e caminhar na direção da construção de uma disciplina que se assuma dialógica e autêntica.

O campo religioso brasileiro: historiografia e religiosidade

Estes apontamentos acerca de uma história da religião no Brasil tem como foco uma metodologia historiográfica que se ocupe das religiosidades no campo religioso brasileiro. Partimos das leituras e provocações advindas de nomes importantes da historiografia brasileira e apresentamos algumas cenas importantes do movimento religioso-social no Brasil, que podem proporcionar um diálogo fecundo e interdisciplinar no âmbito do Ensino Religioso.