Efetividade da Terapia Manual na Síndrome de Conflito Subacromial

Introdução: A síndrome do conflito subacromial representa uma das causas mais comuns de dor no ombro. Neste tipo de conflito existe comprometimento do espaço subacromial, na maioria das vezes provocada pela compressão mecânica da coifa dos rotadores, especialmente da inserção do tendão do músculo supra-espinhoso, contra a superfície antero-inferior do acrómio. A etiologia desta condição tem sido debatida ao longo dos anos e muitos autores defendem que a sua causa é multi-fatorial. Estudos associam a terapia manual e os exercícios terapêuticos como forma de melhorar a eficiência do tratamento e o tempo de recuperação. Objectivo(s): descrever a intervenção da fisioterapia manual num paciente com diagnóstico de conflito subacromial. Métodos: estudo de caso de um paciente que desenvolveu um quadro doloroso no ombro direito no início de Janeiro de 2015 e em que a intervenção de fisioterapia teve início no princípio de Março de 2015. Foi utilizado como instrumentos de avaliação a escala numérica de dor, a escala DASH e a goniometria. Foi aplicado uma variedade de técnicas musculares, articulares e exercícios terapêuticos. O tratamento foi realizado em dias alternados e teve a duração total de nove sessões. Resultados: no final da primeira sessão o paciente referiu melhoria na dor e movimentos ativos. A regressão dos sintomas foi relativamente rápida até à completa remissão no fim da nona sessão. Conclusão: o processo de raciocínio clínico desenvolvido pelo fisioterapeuta durante de tratamento foi salientado. Após a recolha dos dados relativos à história e sua interpretação levantaram-se hipóteses o qual poderia estar na origem numa queixa do ombro com estas características. No exame objetivo foram realizados testes para permitir a obtenção do diagnóstico diferencial – conflito subacromial; elaborou-se então um plano de intervenção em colaboração com o paciente, nomeadamente com técnicas de terapia manual, que se mostrou eficaz, com excelentes resultados.

Indicadores de prognóstico em utentes com disfunção do ombro submetidos a uma intervenção terapêutica direcionada para a estabilidade dinâmica da escápulo-torácica

RESUMO: Introdução/ Objetivo: Segundo a revisão sistemática de Chester e colaboradores (2013b)apenas dois fatores de prognóstico demonstraram uma associação consistente com o resultado que foram a duração dos sintomas e a funcionalidade na avaliação inicial. O objetivo do estudo é identificar indicadores de bom e mau prognóstico em utentes com disfunção do complexo articular do ombro (DCAO), tendo por base, aspetos da avaliação inicial do utente e critérios de alta de abolição da dor, aumento da funcionalidade e da estabilidade dinâmica considerando uma intervenção terapêutica direcionada para o aumento da estabilidade dinâmica da escápulo-torácica. Metodologia: Efetuou-se um estudo de coorte clínico retrospetivo. Para tal, aplicou-se um protocolo de intervenção terapêutica e analisou-se os resultados. A amostra foi constituída por 82 indivíduos com DCAO [53 com síndrome do conflito subacromial (SCSA) e 29 com instabilidade da glenoumeral (IGU)], residentes nos distritos de Lisboa, Setúbal e Santarém com o intuito de iniciar tratamento de fisioterapia. A análise dos dados foi efetuada tendo em consideração dois procedimentos: análise univariada (através do método de Kaplan-Meier para cada CVP) e análise multifatorial (pela análise de regressão de Cox e regressão logística nos grupos de utentes com SCSA, IGU e DCAO). Resultados: O tempo mediano de continuação no tratamento em fisioterapia foi de 7 semanas para os utentes com SCSA e 6 semanas para utentes com IGU. Segundo o teste de Logrank, na análise univariada, existem sete e oito covariáveis preditoras (CVP) com associação estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05) para o subgrupo SCSA e IGU, respectivamente. De acordo com estes resultados, a primeira parte da DASH e a SPADI são as únicas CVP com associação comuns às duas disfunções. Pela análise multifatorial e, em congruência com o teste de Wald, nenhuma das CVP contribui estatisticamente para o modelo preditivo de continuidade do tratamento de fisioterapia em qualquer um dos três modelos estudados: subgrupo SCSA, subgrupo IGU e utentes com DCAO. Conclusão: Por uma análise univariada verificou-se que existem CVP associadas à alta dos tratamentos em fisioterapia e estas não são as mesmas em ambas as DCAO. Contudo, a magnitude do efeito de cada CVP nos modelos multifatoriais definidos para os grupos de utentes com SCSA, IGU e DCAO não demonstraram valor estatisticamente significativo pelo que não foi possível determinar modelos de prognóstico em utentes com DCAO.-------------ABSTRACT: Background/ Purpose: According with the systematic review from Chester and collaborators (2013b) just two prognostic factors demonstrated a consistent association with the outcome: the duration of symptoms and functionality in the initial assessment. The purpose of the study is to identify indicators of good and poor prognosis in patients with shoulder’s dysfunctions, based on aspects of the initial assessment and discharge criteria of absence of pain, increased functionality and dynamic stability considering a therapeutic intervention used to increase the dynamic stability of scapulo-thoracic. Methodology: It was conducted a retrospective study of clinical cohort. For this purpose it was applied a protocol with therapeutic intervention and the results were analyzed. The sample consisted of 82 individuals with shoulder’s dysfunction (53 with subacromial impingement (SIMP) and 29 with shoulder instability (SINS) residing in the districts of Lisbon, Setúbal and Santarém in order to start physiotherapy. Data analysis was performed taking into account two procedures: univariate analysis [using the Kaplan-Meier method for each co-variant predictor variable (CVP)] and multifactorial analysis [analysis by Cox regression and logistic regression on groups of patients with SIMP, SINS and shoulder’s dysfunction (SD)]. Results: The median time of follow-up treatment at physical therapy was 7 weeks for patients with SIMP and 6 weeks for patients with SINS. According to the Logrank test in the univariate analysis, there are seven and eight CVP with a statistically significant association (p<0.05) for the patients with SIMP and SINS, respectively. According to these results, the first part of the DASH and SPADI are the only CVP common to both disorders association. By multifatorial analyses, and in agreement with the Wald test, none of the CVP contributes statistically to the predictive model of continuity of physiotherapy treatment in any of the three studied models: patients with SIMP, patients with SINS and patients with SD. Conclusion: In an univariate analysis, it was verified that there are CVP associated with discharge from treatments of physical therapy and these are not the same in both SD. However, the magnitude of effect of each CVP in multifactorial models for defined patients groups with SIMP, SINS and SD showed no statistically significant. Therefore, it was not possible to determine prognostic models for patients with SD.

Safe hands

We all know the dangers of dirty hands when it comes to food preparation, but did you know that a quick rinse under the tap doesn’t actually get rid of dangerous germs? Most people don’t dry their hands either, but leaving hands damp actually helps germs to breed in the moisture, and allows them to spread more easily onto whatever you touch next. So before handling food, don’t just splash ‘n’ dash - wash your hands thoroughly.

Fracturas inestables de radio distal. Nuestra experiencia en osteosíntesis con placa volar de ángulo variable

OBJECTIVE: assess the functional, subjective and radiological results obtained in patients treated with variable-angle locking plate for unstable distal radius fracture and compare these results with current studies. PATIENTS AND METHOD: From October of 2008 to July of 2011, 20 patients were included who had undergone intervention using the volar approach to the Flexor Carpi Radialis. The average follow up was 18 months. Both clinical and radiological results were analyzed. The Mayo Wrist Score and DASH questioner were used. RESULTS: The average age was 50 years; 50% men and 50% women. The consolidation of the fracture was verified in all cases. An average volar angle was obtained of 5º, radial inclination of 19º, radial height of 10.5 mm, and ulnar variance of -1 mm. The clinical assessment revealed an average dorsal flexion of 75º, palm flexion of 70º, supination of 75º and pronation of 73 º. The results for the DASH questionnaire showed an average of 17.8 and 82.7 for the Mayo Wrist Score. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience has provided some good results, both in functional and subjective as well as radio logical terms, similar to those found in studies with implants from the same generation.

A new way of quantifying dominant upper-limb mobility in healthy and painful shoulders

Introduction: Quantification of daily upper-limb activity is determinant in the evaluation of shoulder surgery. For a number of shoulder diseases, roblems in performing daily activities have been expressed in terms of upper-limb usage. Althought many instruments measure upper-limb movements, there is no accepted standard or widely used objective measure and no device to differenciate left or right shoulder usage. We present an objective method to measure the mobility and quantify the usage of dominant and healthy or painfull shoulder movement during daily life. Methods: 12 patients with unilateral pathological shoulder (rotator cuff disease) are compared to 18 control subjects (10 right and 8 left handed). Both SST and DASH questionnaires were completed by each one. Three inertial miniature modules including triaxial gyroscopes and accelerometers were fixed on the dorsal side of both humerus, and on the thorax. An ambulatory datalogger have recorded the signals during one day. Results: We observed that right handed healthy subjects used 18% and 26% more their dominant shoulder during respectively stand and sit postures while left handed subjects used 8% and 18% more their left side. In walking periods, shoulder mobility was quite alike for both sides. Patients affected on their dominant arm (PD group) mostly used their non-dominant side (respectively 5% and 9% during stand and sit). For the patients affected on their non-dominant shoulder (PND group), this difference is respectively 28% and 26%. Moreover, we can note that, during walking periods, a difference can be observed (on the contrary to controls). Patients used 13% and 15% more their nonpathologic side respectively for PD and PND groups. Conclusion: Inertial sensors, during long-term ambulatory monitoring of upper limbs, can quantify the difference between dominant and nondominant sides. Patients used more their non affected shoulder during daily life. For the PD group, the difference with control can be shown during walking. These results are very encouraging for future evaluation of patients with shoulder injuries since it can provide an objective evaluation of the shoulder mobility and of the treatment outcome during daily life.

Fast liver catabolism of C1q in patients with paraproteinaemia and depletion of the classical pathway of complement.

The main clinical features in four patients with IgG1k paraproteinaemia and acquired complement deficiency included xanthomatous skin lesions (in three), panniculitis (in three) and hepatitis (in two). Hypocomplementaemia concerned the early classical pathway components--in particular C1q. Metabolic studies employing 125I-C1q revealed a much faster catabolism of this protein in the four patients than in five normal controls and three patients with cryoglobulinaemia (mean fractional catabolic rates respectively: 23.35%/h; 1.44%/h; 5.84%/h). Various experiments were designed to characterize the mechanism of the hypocomplementaemia: the patients' serum, purified paraprotein, blood cells, bone marrow cells, or xanthomatous skin lesions did not produce significant complement activation or C1q binding. When three of the patients (two with panniculitis and hepatitis) were injected with 123I-C1q, sequential gamma-camera imaging demonstrated rapid accumulation of the radionuclide in the liver, suggesting that complement activation takes place in the liver where it could produce damage.

American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of prostate cancer: update 2010.

In 2009, the American Cancer Society (ACS) Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee began the process of a complete update of recommendations for early prostate cancer detection. A series of systematic evidence reviews was conducted focusing on evidence related to the early detection of prostate cancer, test performance, harms of therapy for localized prostate cancer, and shared and informed decision making in prostate cancer screening. The results of the systematic reviews were evaluated by the ACS Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee, and deliberations about the evidence occurred at committee meetings and during conference calls. On the basis of the evidence and a consensus process, the Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee developed the guideline, and a writing committee drafted a guideline document that was circulated to the entire committee for review and revision. The document was then circulated to peer reviewers for feedback, and finally to the ACS Mission Outcomes Committee and the ACS Board of Directors for approval. The ACS recommends that asymptomatic men who have at least a 10-year life expectancy have an opportunity to make an informed decision with their health care provider about screening for prostate cancer after they receive information about the uncertainties, risks, and potential benefits associated with prostate cancer screening. Prostate cancer screening should not occur without an informed decision-making process. Men at average risk should receive this information beginning at age 50 years. Men in higher risk groups should receive this information before age 50 years. Men should either receive this information directly from their health care providers or be referred to reliable and culturally appropriate sources. Patient decision aids are helpful in preparing men to make a decision whether to be tested.

Efeito do cozimento por extrusão na estabilidade oxidativa de produtos de moagem de aveia

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar os efeitos de umidade e de temperatura de extrusão na estabilidade oxidativa de produtos de aveia (Avena sativa L.). Cariopses de aveia foram moídas em moinho de rolos Brabender e obtidas frações de granulometrias superior e inferior a 532 mim. A fração de granulometria superior a 532 mm, de alto teor de proteínas, lipídios e fibra alimentar, foi condicionada na umidade desejada (15,5-25,5%) e extrusada em extrusor de laboratório Brabender monorosca. As condições usadas na extrusão foram taxa de compressão de 3:1, rotação de 100 rpm, matriz de 6 mm de diâmetro e temperaturas entre 77,6 e 162,4°C nas 2ª e 3ª zonas e de 80°C na 1ª zona. O material extrusado foi seco em estufa, moído, acondicionado em sacos de plástico e utilizado periodicamente nas determinações de peróxidos e de n-hexanal. O óleo da fração estudada apresentou quantidade relativamente alta de ácidos graxos insaturados (79,47%), sendo linoléico o principal representante. Independentemente do conteúdo inicial de umidade, todos os produtos extrusados em temperaturas inferiores a 120°C apresentaram baixa rancidez oxidativa, ou seja, essas temperaturas se mostraram adequadas ao processamento de aveia.

Epoxy and Thermoplastic Pavement Markings on US 30 in Carroll County, HR-545, 1995

A one mile section each of thermoplastic and epoxy pavement marking materials were placed on new ACC pavement near Carroll, IA on Highway 30. The markings were evaluated for four years to see if they were suitable materials for durable pavement markings. The epoxy markings were inadvertently repainted after two years. They were performing well up to that time with little plow damage and good retroreflectivity. The thermoplastic dash lines suffered heavy snow plow damage after the first year and were repainted after the third winter. The thermoplastic edge lines performed fairly well for four years.

Shoulder pathology: estimating dominant upper-limb activity using 3D kinematic sensors.

Introduction. Quantification of daily upper-limb activity is a key determinant in evaluation of shoulder surgery. For a number of shoulder diseases, problem in performing daily activities have been expressed in terms of upper-limb usage and non-usage. Many instruments measure upper-limb movement but do not focus on the differentiations between the use of left or right shoulder. Several methods have been used to measure it using only accelerometers, pressure sensors or video-based analysis. However, there is no standard or widely used objective measure for upper-limb movement. We report here on an objective method to measure the movement of upper-limb and we examined the use of 3D accelerometers and 3D gyroscopes for that purpose. Methods. We studied 8 subjects with unilateral pathological shoulder (8 rotator cuff disease: 53 years old ± 8) and compared them to 18 control subjects (10 right handed, 8 left handed: 32 years old ± 8, younger than the patient group to be almost sure they don_t have any unrecognized shoulder pathology). The Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and Disabilities of the Arm and Shoulder Score (DASH) questionnaires were completed by each subject. Two modules with 3 miniature capacitive gyroscopes and 3 miniature accelerometers were fixed by a patch on the dorsal side of the distal humerus, and one module with 3 gyroscopes and 3 accelerometers were fixed on the thorax. The subject wore the system during one day (8 hours), at home or wherever he/she went. We used a technique based on the 3D acceleration and the 3D angular velocities from the modules attached on the humerus. Results. As expected, we observed that for the stand and sit postures the right side is more used than the left side for a healthy right-handed person(idem on the left side for a healthy left-handed person). Subjects used their dominant upper-limb 18% more than the non-dominant upper-limb. The measurements on patients in daily life have shown that the patient has used more his non affected and non dominant side during daily activity if the dominant side = affected shoulder. If the dominant side affected shoulder, the difference can be showed only during walking period. Discussion-Conclusion. The technique developed and used allowed the quantification of the difference between dominant and non dominant side, affected and unaffected upper-limb activity. These results were encouraging for future evaluation of patients with shoulder injuries, before and after surgery. The feasibility and patient acceptability of the method using body fixed sensors for ambulatory evaluation of upper limbs kinematics was shown.

Four-corner bone arthrodesis with dorsal rectangular plate: series and personal technique.

Controversy exists about the best method to achieve bone fusion in four-corner arthrodesis. Thirty-five patients who underwent this procedure by our technique were included in the study. Surgical indications were stage II-III SLAC wrist, stage II SNAC wrist and severe traumatic midcarpal joint injury. Mean follow-up was 4.6 years. Mean active flexion and extension were 34 degrees and 30 degrees respectively; grip strength recovery was 79%. Radiological consolidation was achieved in all cases. The mean DASH score was 23 and the postoperative pain improvement by visual analogue scale was statistically significant. Return to work was possible at 4 months for the average patient. Complications were a capitate fracture in one patient and the need for hardware removal in four cases. Four-corner bone wrist arthrodesis by dorsal rectangular plating achieves an acceptable preservation of range of motion with good pain relief, an excellent consolidation rate and minimal complications.

Direct to consumer advertising : the case for greater consumer control

A nyone traveling to the United States from countries other than New Zealand will be surprised by the prevalence of health-related advertisements on television, including ads for drugs. Typically, these TV ads follow a pattern: an ad for a burger at only 99 cents, followed by one for a proton-pump inhibitor, then an ad on healthy home-cooked food delivered directly to your home and an ad for a home-based abdominal workout DVD, followed by an ad for a lipid-lowering drug. There are, however, nuances. After 8 pm, the visitor might encounter an ad for the "little blue pill." This sequence sometimes includes an ad featuring antihistamines for allergic rhinitis in spring and one promoting antidepressants in the winter. Such direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription drugs is usual business in the United States and New Zealand but is prohibited in the rest of the world. Why? Because DTCA for prescribing drugs has pros and cons (discussed elsewhere,1-3 including in JGIM4) that are balanced differently in different countries. Constitutional factors-such as the First Amendment protections on speech, including commercial speech, in the United States5 -as well as patient and population safety considerations, which all differ across countries, modulate reactions to DTCA. Additionally, lack of robust data on the impact of DTCA on prescription drug use adds to the confusion. Evidence, though limited, suggests that DTCA increases drug sales. However, whether the increase in sales corrects existing underuse or encourages over/misuse is not clear.

Estudio sobre la eficacia de la educación y los ejercicios terapéuticos en el tratamiento del síndrome subacromial.

OBJETIVO: Valorar la eficacia de la educación y los ejercicios terapéuticos en el síndrome subacromial. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Se realizará un estudio en sujetos diagnosticados de síndrome subacromial entre 35 y 70 años de edad, derivados al servicio de rehabilitación del Hospital Santa Maria de Lleida. Ensayo controlado aleatorio, con muestreo consecutivo de duración de 6 meses. El programa de intervención con un periodo de duración de 3 semanas, estará compuesto por un grupo control que permanecerá en lista de espera y dos grupos experimentales; el grupo de educación (B), que se les aplicará ejercicios educativos y de prevención durante 4 sesiones de 30 minutos. Y el grupo de ejercicios terapéuticos (C); que realizará ejercicios de movilizaciones y estabilización del hombro, fortalecimiento del manguito de los rotadores y estiramientos, 15 sesiones de 60 minutos .El objetivo de la educación y los ejercicios es disminuir el dolor, restaurar la funcionalidad del hombro y mejorar la calidad de vida. Los criterios de valoración se efectuarán al iniciar y al finalizar el tratamiento mediante; un cuestionario que incluirá variables sociodemográficas y de la patología del síndrome subacromial, el cuestionario DASH, la escala de Constant –Murley y la EVA.

Suscetibilidade de cultivares de arroz irrigado (Oryza sativa) à deriva simulada do herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a suscetibilidade dos cultivares de arroz irrigado IRGA 417, BR-IRGA 410, BRS Pelota e Qualimax 1 à simulação de deriva do herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic em função da época de início da irrigação por inundação. Para isso, foi conduzido experimento em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Fitossanidade da FAEM/UFPel, na estação de crescimento 2003/04. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. A deriva foi simulada pela aplicação de doses crescentes do herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic, correspondendo a 0; 3,125; 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50; e 100% da dose comercial (100 g ha-1), acrescido de Dash a 0,5% v/v, pulverizados sobre as plantas de arroz em estádios fenológicos V3 - V4, com inundação três dias antes ou após a aplicação dos tratamentos. A aplicação foi realizada com pulverizador costal, pressurizado a CO2, munido de barra com bicos 110.015 do tipo leque a uma pressão constante de 210 kPa, que proporcionou a aplicação de 150 L ha-1 de calda herbicida. A fitotoxicidade ocasionada pelo herbicida foi avaliada de forma visual aos 10, 15 e 20 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos (DAT), utilizando-se escala percentual. Aos 25 DAT foi determinada a massa seca aérea e radical. O herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic causou fitotoxicidade aos cultivares de arroz IRGA 417, BR-IRGA 410, BRS Pelota e Qualimax 1, em deriva ocorrida em solo seco ou inundado. A massa seca da parte aérea e radical foi reduzida com o aumento da dose aplicada, independentemente da condição de aplicação. O cultivar IRGA 417 foi mais sensível à simulação de deriva de imazethapyr + imazapic.

Efeito de deriva simulada de herbicida inibidor de ALS nos componentes da produtividade do arroz irrigado

O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar os efeitos causados pela deriva simulada do herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic nos componentes da produtividade de grãos de arroz irrigado, em função da época de início da irrigação por inundação. Para isso, foi conduzido experimento no ano agrícola 2003/04, em condições de campo, no Centro Agropecuário da Palma (CAP/UFPel). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. A deriva foi simulada pela aplicação de doses crescentes do herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic, correspondendo a 0; 3,125; 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50; e 100% da dose comercial, acrescido de Dash a 0,5% v/v, sobre as plantas de arroz, cultivar BRS Pelota, em estádios fenológicos V3 - V4, com inundação três dias antes ou após a aplicação dos tratamentos. A aplicação foi feita com pulverizador costal, pressurizado a CO2, munido de barra com bicos 110.015 do tipo leque a uma pressão constante de 210 kPa, que proporcionou a aplicação de 150 L ha-1 de calda herbicida. As variáveis avaliadas foram: número de colmos, em estádio R3, número de grãos por panícula, número de espiguetas estéreis, peso de mil grãos e produtividade de grãos, determinados por ocasião da colheita. O herbicida imazethapyr + imazapic reduziu o número de colmos de arroz, o número de grãos e de espiguetas estéreis por panícula, o peso de mil grãos e a produtividade de grãos com o aumento da dose aplicada, quando esta ocorreu em cultura mantida no seco. A antecipação do início da irrigação por inundação, em lavouras semeadas com cultivar suscetível, evita possíveis prejuízos ocasionados por deriva de imazethapyr + imazapic no número de colmos, número de grãos e espiguetas estéreis por panícula, peso de mil grãos e produtividade de grãos.