Freshwater prawn fry production and delivery process: key to sustainable aquaculture development for Bangladesh

This study was conducted to identify a functioning fingerlings production and delivery system for a sustainable aquaculture development. Data were collected from 234 respondents randomly sampled from a population of 600 fish farmers. Results indicated that farmer-to-farmer was the major source of fingerlings production and distribution system. Although this source accessed disadvantaged groups like the rural based, resource poor, less educated and women, it lacked knowledge on how to produce good quality fingerlings. These results suggest that a decentralized and privatized fingerlings production and delivery system should be promoted. For this system to operate effectively the aquaculture department should first identify potential zones for aquaculture growth and profit motivated fingerlings producers and distributors. Furthermore, the institutional mechanism through which farmer-to-farmer will operate should be identified and strengthened through short and long term training programmes. The government should support the system by providing guidelines for good quality fingerlings management; maintain brood stock parents and technical training in Bangladesh.

Predation and selection in copepod populations of Alpine waters [Translation from: Bollettino di Zoologia 21 541-545, 1954]

Zooplankton was studied in four alpine lakes in Switzerland, France and Italy. The presence the presence of the invertebrate predator Heterocope in three lakes was stated. It is then discussed why in three of these four lakes, the copepod Arctodiaptomus denticornis is present in the absence of Arctodiaptomus bacillifer, and vice versa respectively in the second and first parts of the lacustrine summer.

Análise das práticas de recrutamento e de seleção de pessoas com deficiência para o trabalho em empresas privadas: cumprimento à Lei n 8.213/1991

A proposta da presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar criticamente as melhores práticas de recrutamento e de seleção, direcionadas a pessoas com deficiência, candidatas a emprego em cinco empresas privadas, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que possuem em seu quadro de funcionários mais de 100 empregados, sendo assim, obrigadas ao cumprimento da Lei n 8.213/1991, a Lei de Cotas. Analisou-se também o modo como profissionais de Recursos Humanos adquiriram conhecimentos técnicos acerca destas práticas. Parte dos objetivos desta proposta de pesquisa foi identificar as bases desta determinação legal, no que se refere ao amparo técnico aos profissionais de RH no processo seletivo. Neste aspecto, o foco da investigação foi verificar a existência de programas de qualificação para estes profissionais, tendo em vista que a exigência de capacitação está sempre centrada na pessoa com deficiência, quando, na verdade, a carência está presente também nos responsáveis que lidam com este público, por ocasião do seu ingresso nas organizações corporativas. A abordagem metodológica incluiu uma pesquisa de campo com base em dados de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, sendo complementada pela técnica de análise de relato verbal. Seis foram os profissionais de RH escolhidos como participantes da pesquisa e que atuam diretamente na área de recrutamento e de seleção de pessoas com deficiência. Inevitavelmente, estes profissionais de RH se utilizam de instrumentos psicométricos dentre outros, cotidianamente empregados no processo seletivo, inclusive na avaliação de pessoas com deficiência. Os resultados da presente pesquisa apontam que as melhores práticas de recrutamento e de seleção, atualmente em uso, direcionadas a pessoas com deficiência, são discriminatórias, pois os profissionais envolvidos neste processo, por demonstrarem falta de conhecimento acerca de práticas apropriadas, se utilizam dos mesmos procedimentos adotados no atendimento de vagas para o público de pessoas ditas normais. Complementarmente, a revisão da literatura aponta a inexistência de amparo técnico e científico, no sentido de qualificar profissionais responsáveis pelo ingresso e permanência de pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, confirmando-se, assim, a limitação da ação de política pública em vigor. Por conta desse fato, propõe-se a adoção de ações afirmativas, neste caso de órgãos privados, no sentido de mobilizar esforços em prol da contratação de grupos socialmente excluídos no mercado de trabalho, como é o caso das pessoas com deficiência.

Larval abundance of summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) as a measure of recruitment and stock status

Summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) is one of the most economically and ecologically important estuarine-dependent species in the northeastern United States. The status of the population is currently a topic of controversy. Our goal was to assess the potential of using larval abundance at ingress as another fishery independent measure of spawning stock biomass or recruitment. Weekly long-term ichthyoplankton time series were analyzed from Little Egg Inlet, New Jersey (1989–2006) and Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina (1986–2004). Mean size-at-ingress and stage were similar between sites, whereas timing of ingress and abundance at ingress were not similar. Ingress primarily occurred during the fall at Little Egg Inlet and the winter at Beaufort Inlet. These findings agree with those from earlier studies in which at least two stocks (one north and one south of Cape Hatteras) were identified with different spawning periods. Larval abundance at Little Egg Inlet has increased since the late 1990s and most individuals now enter the estuary earlier during the season of ingress. Abundance at Little Egg Inlet was correlated with an increase in spawning stock biomass, presumably because spawning by larger, more abundant fish during the late 1990s and early 2000s provided increased larval supply, at least in some years. Larval abundance at ingress at Beaufort Inlet was not correlated with spawning stock biomass or with larval abundance at ingress at Little Egg Inlet, further supporting the hypothesis of at least two stocks. Larval abundance at Little Egg Inlet could be used as a fishery-independent index of spawning stock size north of Cape Hatteras in future stock assessments. Larval occurrence at Beaufort Inlet may provide information on the abundance of the stock south of Cape Hatteras, but additional stock assessment work is required.

Use of a fishery independant index to predict recruitment and catches of the spiny lobster

This paper presents a review of recruitment and catch predictions based on an index of abundance of juveniles and pre-recruits (fishery independent index) in the Cuban lobster fisheries. This methodology can provide information based on fisheries data that can improve the management of the fishery.

Growth, recruitment, and abundance of juvenile striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) in South Carolina estuaries

Growth, recruitment, and abundance of young-of-the-year (YOY) striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) in estuarine habitats in South Carolina from 1998 to 2000 were examined and compared to historical data (1986–91) of growth, recruitment, and abundance. Daily growth increments from the sagittal otoliths of juvenile striped mullet were validated by using fish immersed in oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) for five hours from the Charleston Harbor Estuary system. The distribution of back-calculated birthdates indicated that striped mullet spawn from October to late April and estuarine recruitment occurs from January through May. Juveniles were more abundant in mesohaline and polyhaline salinity regimes but were found throughout the estuary. Juvenile growth after recruitment into the estuary can be described by the relationship Total length (mm) = 0.341 (Age)1.04 (r2=0.741, P=0.001). Growth of juveniles according to the analysis of size-frequency data from historical surveys (1986 to 1991) in the same estuaries gave the relationship Total length (mm) = 8.77 (month)1.12 (r2=0.950, P=0.001). The similarity in the growth curves for both groups of fish suggests that juvenile striped mullet in South Carolina have consistent annual growth during the first year of life.