979 resultados para NIÑO MALTRATADO
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Estudiar el concepto de autoestima y su importancia en niños con deprivación familiar. Sentar las bases teóricas que avalen un programa de intervención.. La forman alumnos de quinto, sexto y séptimo de Educación General Básica (EGB) pertenecientes a un colegio público de Salamanca, con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 15 años. Un total de 57 alumnos, 33 chicos y 24 chicas.. Se parte de las siguientes hipótesis: 1. existen diferentes niveles de autoestima en niños con edades similares, 2. existe relación entre los niveles bajos de autoestima y la deprivación familiar, 3. la autoestima no es un constructo estable y por tanto es susceptible de modificación mediante un programa de entrenamiento estructurado. Estas hipótesis se apoyan en el marco teórico previo que establece la investigación (concepto de autoestima, conceptualización del maltrato infantil y consecuencias, elección y justificación del programa). Se determinan como variables a estudiar, la autoestima y la deprivación familiar; se aplica un instrumento de medida de las variables y finalmente se elabora un programa de intervención.. Se utiliza un cuestionario de autoestima para niños de Pope, McHale y Craighead (1988). Consta de 60 items agrupados en 6 subescalas: autoestima global, académica, familiar, social y de sinceridad.. La puntuación de los items se realiza con una escala Lickert de 3 puntos (casi siempre (2), algunas veces (1) y casi nunca (0) para items positivos y en dirección contraria para los negativos). El análisis chicuadrado es aplicado a las dos variables elegidas.. Se comprueba la primera hipótesis sin concluir que la edad de los alumnos (12 años) sea un punto clave en el desarrollo de la autoestima en la población infantil debido a la baja representatividad de la muestra. La segunda hipótesis queda sin comprobar; los datos indican que no existe una relación significativa entre autoestima y deprivación familiar. La tercera hipótesis no se confirma. Se deduce que el programa de intervención no ha sido adecuado.. Se cuestiona tanto la suficiencia de los datos relacionados con la situación familiar de los niños como la adecuación del instrumento de medida utilizado. Como sugerencia para futuras investigaciones se recomienda tener en cuenta el clima escolar, la actitud, expectativas y estilo educativo del profesor, la motivación del alumno y el rendimiento académico. Se recalca la importancia de una definición adecuada que dirija la elección del instrumentos de medida y el posible programa de intervención..
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Resumen basado en el de la publicación
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Resumen basado en el de la publicación
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Resumen tomado de la publicación. Se incluye un cuadro explicativo con la estructura de protocolo contra el acoso y maltrato
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Se reflexiona sobre el maltrato infantil en diferentes momentos de la historia, indicando como principales causas de estos abusos la ausencia de derechos para los menores, la convicción de que los niños son propiedad de los padres y el uso del castigo físico como método disciplinario recomendado.
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Monográfico con el título: Perspectiva de género en la acción socioeducativa
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Aquest estudi neix d’una iniciativa de la Red de Ayuda a Niños Abusados (RANA), en el marc del treball i coneixement de la realitat actual en referència als abusos sexuals a menors
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Resumen tomado de la publicación
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Se estudian las múltiples formas que adoptan los problemas producidos por una situación de maltrato, para cuya atención la residencia de menores y el centro educativo deben estar preparados. La escuela se convierte en un recurso educativo y comunitario que debe compensar las desigualdades que estos menores requieren, tanto desde la perspectiva académica como desde la pedagogía social.
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Ni(1-x)FexO nanoparticles have been obtained by the co-precipitation chemical route. X-ray diffraction analyses using Rietveld refinement have shown a slight decrease in the microstrain and mean particle size as a function of the Fe content. The zero-field-cooling (ZFC) and field-cooling (FC) magnetization curves show superparamagnetic behavior at high temperatures and a low temperature peak (at T = 11 K), which is enhanced with increasing Fe concentration. Unusual behavior of the coercive field in the low temperature region and an exchange bias behavior were also observed. A decrease in the Fe concentration induces an increase in the exchange bias field. We argue that these behaviors can be linked with the strengthening of surface anisotropy caused by the incorporation of Fe ions.
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El Niño South Oscillation (ENSO) is one climatic phenomenon related to the inter-annual variability of global meteorological patterns influencing sea surface temperature and rainfall variability. It influences human health indirectly through extreme temperature and moisture conditions that may accelerate the spread of some vector-borne viral diseases, like dengue fever (DF). This work examines the spatial distribution of association between ENSO and DF in the countries of the Americas during 1995-2004, which includes the 1997-1998 El Niño, one of the most important climatic events of 20(th) century. Data regarding the South Oscillation index (SOI), indicating El Niño-La Niña activity, were obtained from Australian Bureau of Meteorology. The annual DF incidence (AIy) by country was computed using Pan-American Health Association data. SOI and AIy values were standardised as deviations from the mean and plotted in bars-line graphics. The regression coefficient values between SOI and AIy (rSOI,AI) were calculated and spatially interpolated by an inverse distance weighted algorithm. The results indicate that among the five years registering high number of cases (1998, 2002, 2001, 2003 and 1997), four had El Niño activity. In the southern hemisphere, the annual spatial weighted mean centre of epidemics moved southward, from 6° 31' S in 1995 to 21° 12' S in 1999 and the rSOI,AI values were negative in Cuba, Belize, Guyana and Costa Rica, indicating a synchrony between higher DF incidence rates and a higher El Niño activity. The rSOI,AI map allows visualisation of a graded surface with higher values of ENSO-DF associations for Mexico, Central America, northern Caribbean islands and the extreme north-northwest of South America.
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The influence of the 1992-1993 El Niño events on the reproductive behavior of the Scomber japonicus peruanus (Chub mackerel) was studied from samples collected monthly, along the Peruvian coast (3º23'S-14º00'S), from January 1990 to December 1993. The monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index and the frequency of the periods of gonad maturation evidenced that the spawning of the species occurred all year long, being more intense in summer. The values of the gonadosomatic index were higher during the occurrence of the 1992-1993 El Niño, while the body weight and gonad weight decreased. Regarding the condition factor, its values decreased in females over 35 cm in fork length.
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Oxides RNiO(3) (R - rare-earth, R not equal La) exhibit a metal-insulator (MI) transition at a temperature T(MI) and an antiferromagnetic (AF) transition at T(N). Specific heat (C(P)) and anelastic spectroscopy measurements were performed in samples of Nd(1-x)Eu(x)NiO(3), 0 <= x <= 0.35. For x - 0, a peak in C(P) is observed upon cooling and warming at essentially the same temperature T(MI) - T(N) similar to 195 K, although the cooling peak is much smaller. For x >= 0.25, differences between the cooling and warming curves are negligible, and two well defined peaks are clearly observed: one at lower temperatures that define T(N), and the other one at T(MI). An external magnetic field of 9 T had no significant effect on these results. The elastic compliance (s) and the reciprocal of the mechanical quality factor (Q(-1)) of NdNiO(3), measured upon warming, showed a very sharp peak at essentially the same temperature obtained from C(P), and no peak is observed upon cooling. The elastic modulus hardens below T(MI) much more sharply upon warming, while the cooling and warming curves are reproducible above T(MI). Conversely, for the sample with x - 0.35, s and Q(-1) curves are very similar upon warming and cooling. The results presented here give credence to the proposition that the MI phase transition changes from first to second order with increasing Eu doping. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3549615]
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Measurements are presented of the complex dynamic Young's modulus of NdNiO(3) and Nd(0.65)Eu(0.35)NiO(3) through the metal-insulator transition (MIT). Upon cooling, the modulus presents a narrow dip at the MIT followed by an abrupt stiffening of similar to 6%. The anomaly is reproducible between cooling and heating in Nd(0.65)Eu(0.35)NiO(3) but appears only as a slow stiffening during cooling in undoped NdNiO(3), in conformance with the fact that the MIT in RNiO(3) changes from strongly first order to second order when the mean R size is decreased. The elastic anomaly seems not to be associated with the antiferromagnetic transition, which is distinct from the MIT in Nd(0.65)Eu(0.35)NiO(3). It is concluded that the steplike stiffening is due to the disappearance or freezing of dynamic Jahn-Teller (JT) distortions through the MIT, where the JT active Ni(3+) is disproportionated into alternating Ni(3+delta) and Ni(3-delta). The fluctuating octahedral JT distortion necessary to justify the observed jump in the elastic modulus is estimated as similar to 3% but does not have a role in determining the MIT, since the otherwise-expected precursor softening is not observed.
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O caso relata o processo de concess??o de licenciamento ambiental para a constru????o de Santo Ant??nio e Jirau, duas usinas hidrel??tricas no estado de Rond??nia. A proposta foi apresentada em um contexto no qual d??ficits energ??ticos colocavam o pa??s em estado de alerta, o que ampliou a press??o para projetos de aproveitamento hidrel??trico de grande porte. Era um dos projetos do Programa de Acelera????o do Crescimento (PAC), o que lhe confere car??ter priorit??rio. A concess??o de licen??a de viabilidade ambiental (licen??a pr??via) constitui pr??-requisito para ser iniciada a licita????o das obras das usinas. Iniciado em 2002, o processo de licenciamento estendeu-se at?? agosto de 2007, quando foi aprovado com medidas de controle da fauna, flora e subst??ncias t??xicas, e a prote????o das popula????es locais. O tema foi escolhido para estudo de caso por envolver m??ltiplos atores e interesses e enfocar um amplo e demorado processo de media????es e negocia????es multilaterais. O caso foi desenhado para ser aplicado em oficina de negocia????es, para alunos com conhecimentos pr??vios sobre teoria das negocia????es, permitindo articular aspectos te??ricos com a dimens??o pr??tica relatada pela experi??ncia. O caso tamb??m fornece elementos para an??lise da participa????o dos atores pol??ticos, conflitos, gera????o de alian??as e consensos e para discuss??es sobre tomada de decis??o