Sistema de seguran��a interna : a unifica����o do sistema em Portugal

A acelera����o do ritmo de mudan��a verificado nas sociedades atuais, tem sido impulsionado pela globaliza����o, fen��meno decorrente da evolu����o das tecnologias da informa����o, das telecomunica����es, das comunica����es e transportes e do desaparecimento de fronteiras. Viver na ���aldeia global��� ou �� escala global como o previu Marshall McLuhan (1964) no livro Understanding Media, �� hoje uma realidade inquestion��vel. As consequ��ncias desta transforma����o foram m��ltiplas quer do ponto de vista dos benef��cios, quer do ponto de vista dos problemas gerados. No plano da seguran��a, face ao multiculturalismo envolvido e ao aumento crescente do crime transfronteiri��o, tornou-se essencial a partilha de informa����o a n��vel internacional tendo em vista o seu combate n��o s�� olhando a situa����o dos cidad��os como a defesa dos princ��pios democr��ticos. Real��a-se que os progressos tecnol��gicos e as facilidades que criam aos seus utilizadores, neste caso os criminosos, fazem com que as a����es por estes praticadas sejam cada vez mais meticulosas, imprevis��veis, sofisticadas e complexas o que imp��e uma resposta correspondente e adequada. Por essa raz��o, as pol��ticas de seguran��a existentes mostraram-se insuficientes e esgotadas requerendo novas respostas capazes de produzir os efeitos desej��veis para uma efetiva preven����o da criminalidade. Pelas dimens��es que tem vindo a tomar, a criminalidade tornou-se uma preocupa����o que ultrapassou o dom��nio da seguran��a interna de cada pa��s para ser encarada a n��vel internacional ou mesmo mundial. Para o efeito urge concertar processos e procedimentos securit��rios agregando vontades que convirjam e defendam a unifica����o dos sistemas dos pa��ses a n��vel mundial. A verificar-se tal intento, da�� resultariam significativas melhorias da seguran��a a todos os n��veis (nacional, internacional e mundial). Al��m disso tamb��m resultariam ganhos em termos de tempo, redu����o de custos, impacto na qualidade dos servi��os prestados, na gest��o das pessoas e na efici��ncia das organiza����es. Real��a-se que a democracia ao promover a dignidade do homem densificando os seus direitos, liberdades e garantias, criou indiretamente condi����es para que fosse gerada instabilidade e o desenvolvimento de comportamentos criminosos. Importa, portanto, face �� situa����o existente e �� previs��vel complexidade do crime no futuro, estudar profundamente a nova realidade neste dom��nio, para tomar as medidas preventivas tendentes a reporem a estabilidade e a promoverem a paz social. Foi neste contexto que a presente investiga����o, desenvolvida no ��mbito acad��mico, mas tamb��m suportado na realidade profissional, pretendeu refletir sobre o estado da seguran��a global e dar o seu contributo nesta mat��ria.

Criminosos popularizados na narrativa de divulga����o (De 1838 aos Alvores da Rep��blica)

O presente estudo incide sobre obras impressas que tomaram como motivo central as ��fa��anhas�� de criminosos com refer��ncia hist��rica celebrizados em Portugal na segunda metade do s��culo XIX e in��cios de XX e mostra que, enquanto narrativas elaboradas para o grande p��blico, os textos foram n��o s�� um reflexo da popularidade pr��via dos famigerados transgressores, como tamb��m um fator incontorn��vel da sua ��lendariza����o�� ao longo de d��cadas. S��o as seguintes as figuras dos infratores que protagonizaram as fic����es em apre��o: Jos�� Joaquim de Sousa Reis, ou ��o Remexido�� (1797-1838), Diogo Alves, ou ��o Pancada�� (1810-1841), Francisco de Matos Lobo (1814-1842), Jos�� Teixeira da Silva, ou ��o Jos�� do Telhado�� (1816-1875), Jo��o Victor da Silva Brand��o, ou ��o Jo��o Brand��o de Mid��es�� (1825-1880), e Vicente Urbino de Freitas (1859-1913). A tese agora apresentada aborda um corpus textual de caracter��sticas singulares, nunca antes coligido nem estudado. Comprova que os textos sobre as figuras criminosas tiveram uma fun����o iminentemente noticiosa, pedag��gico-edificante e pol��tica, apropriando-se de relatos orais, adotando procedimentos de atesta����o da veracidade (transcri����o de documentos na primeira pessoa, referencia����o cronol��gica, espacial, geogr��fica dos eventos, alus��o ��s fontes) e incorporando diversas fontes do conhecimento dos crimes, quer de origem popular (geralmente designadas de ��musa popular��, ��tradi����o��), quer de car��ter erudito e te��rico-cient��fico (��estudo��, ��estudo social��). Assim, foram analisadas as condi����es hist��ricas excecionais nas quais as fic����es emergiram: as caracter��sticas espec��ficas do seu universo editorial, a apropria����o a um p��blico amplo (o formato de cole����o, uso de sinopses e de outros elementos gr��ficos), as regularidades discursivas das obras (ocorr��ncia de determinados dispositivos de organiza����o textual), os procedimentos narrativos (recurso abundante a paratextos com intuito explicativo e aproxima����o a modalidades ficcionais conhecidas do p��blico da ��poca) e, ainda, as configura����es imag��ticas inspiradas nos discursos oficiais (influ��ncia de ci��ncias e doutrinas epocais emergentes, como a criminologia, a antropologia criminal, a frenologia, a psiquiatria, a sociologia). Em suma, estas edi����es produzidas em diversos contextos e por um elenco autoral heterog��neo n��o s�� viveram da rela����o com as edi����es predecessoras, ao longo de gera����es, como recriaram e ampliaram as ��fa��anhas�� dos transgressores em fun����o de diversos prop��sitos e fontes: ampla divulga����o dos casos criminais, condena����o p��blica dos infratores, an��lise m��dico-cient��fica dos sujeitos culpados, especula����o pol��tica, press��o sobre o foro judici��rio, edifica����o moral do p��blico leitor. Trata-se, sem d��vida, de produ����es ��nicas, que erigiram a comemora����o dos fac��noras e sucessivamente reinscreveram as suas hist��rias reais na problem��tica do homem criminal e na consci��ncia ��tica do seu tempo.

O servi��o fiscal aduaneiro criminal e contraordenacional da GNR

At a time of global economic instability, to which Portugal is not oblivious, and aware that the main source of Portuguese State revenue relies on the collection of tribute, the National Republican Guard holds within its mission relevant assignments to the protection of the financial interests of the country, in particular, fiscal and customs. These assignments were inherited from the century - old institution Guarda Fiscal - with evidence given in this domain, which was integrated into the National Republican Guard in 1993, to adopt, a 1St model, that held a specialized unit ��� Brigada Fiscal, with surveillance and patrolling missions of costa and fiscal and customs supervision, throughout the national territory and maritime zone of respect. In 2009, the result of political decisions, reorganization the State's central administration, appears de 2Nd model, because the Brigada Fiscal assignments were divided by two specialized units - UAF with investigation skills, and UCC for patrolling and surveillance of the coast. Analyzed the legal spectrum of special legislation leading the criminal and transgression sector punitive (RGIT), in essence, is in the UAF that resides the role assignments from the scope of the investigation and supervision of goods in the national territory on a par with the tax authority. Tax inspection assignments, fiscal and customs of the National Republican Guard, are unmatched in the National Tribute System, constituting itself as a potentiality of this special body, in similarity of their counterparts - Spain and Italy; however, have some constraints, that urge to clarify and repair. Foreseeing the future, face the announced news of a new restructuring, on behalf of the interests of the country, and in order to raise the quality of performance of the tax inspection, fiscal and customs, the National Republican Guard shall maintain a model based on the experience already accumulated, obviously adapted to the new demands of a changing society. Despite the current model gain in efficiency, loses in effectiveness. However, the efficiency of a model, without the necessary resources, can never bring ���the letter to Garcia��� against any kind of infringements, criminal or transgressions. Unless better opinion, both tax structures of the National Republican Guard are valid as an instrument for the prevention and combat of these illegal types. Because they are strategic in pursuing the public interest, given the scarce resources of the country and be the National Republican Guard, the force with the means and know-how of this nature. The political power has the final word.

A medida socioeducativa de trabalho comunit��rio nos jovens delinquentes na perspectiva da dissuas��o da reincid��ncia criminal

Disserta����o de mestrado em Administra����o da Justi��a

Typology based method for choosing old masonry walls inspection procedures

The diagnosis of historic masonry walls is an intricate and complex field and has been an object of research for many years. This paper aims to propose practical methodologies for the diagnosis of historic masonry walls, specifically based on their typological characteristics. In order to develop such procedures, information relating to historic masonry typologies in Portugal, classified as rural, urban and military was gathered and techniques for the assessment of historic masonry were studied. All information was integrated to develop a pattern typology oriented methodology. Developed methodology was tested and validated in a small diagnosis campaign carried out in the Guimar��es Castle. Methodology was proven to be advantageous and although the study is limited and focused on the Portuguese architectural specificities, it still holds global classifications, and therefore can be useful for any diagnosis procedure of a historic masonry wall.

Vitima����o urbana: preval��ncias, fatores de risco, experi��ncias adversas e den��ncia criminal

Disserta����o de mestrado em Psicologia Aplicada

Development of procedures for the design, optimization and manufacturing of customized orthopaedic and trauma implants: Geometrical/anatomical modelling from 3D medical imaging

Tese de Doutoramento (Programa Doutoral em Engenharia Biom��dica)

DNA evidence collecting in criminal investigation: Portuguese and Thai legal approaches

Doctoral Thesis in Juridical Sciences (Specialty in Public Legal Sciences)

Experimental procedures for the identification of material properties of intervertebal disc - a contribution for the development of biomimetic substitutes for the nucleus pulposus

Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Mec��nica.

Instruments for image guided procedures - IIGP : review summaries for minimal invasive and image guided technologies and clinical procedures : student review papers on selected topics

Michael Friebe, editor ; Otto-von-Guericke-Universit��t Magdeburg, Institut f��r Medizintechnik, Lehrstuhl Kathetertechnologie und bildgesteuerte Therapie (INKA - Intelligente Katheter), Forschungscampus STIMULATE (Solution Centre for Image Guided Local Therapies)

The Compleat cladist : a primer of phylogenetic procedures / E.O. Wiley [et al.]

no.19 (1991)

Eliciting and fostering learners' metacognitive knowledge about language learning in self-directed learning programs: a review of data collection methods and procedures

S��n molts els estudis que avui en dia incideixen en la necessitat d���oferir un suport metodol��gic i psicol��gic als aprenents que treballen de manera aut��noma. L���objectiu d���aquest suport ��s ajudar-los a desenvolupar les destreses que necessiten per dirigir el seu aprenentatge aix�� com una actitud positiva i una major conscienciaci�� envers aquest aprenentatge. En definitiva, aquests dos tipus de preparaci�� es consideren essencials per ajudar els aprenents a esdevenir m��s aut��noms i m��s eficients en el seu propi aprenentatge. Malgrat aix��, si b�� ��s freq��ent trobar estudis que exemplifiquen aplicacions del suport metodol��gic dins els seus programes, principalment en la formaci�� d���estrat��gies o ajudant els aprenents a desenvolupar un pla de treball, aquest no ��s el cas quan es tracta de la seva preparaci�� psicol��gica. Amb rares excepcions, trobem estudis que documentin com s���incideix en les actituds i en les creences dels aprenents, tamb�� coneguts com a coneixement metacognitiu (CM), en programes que fomenten l���autonomia en l���aprenentatge. Els objectius d���aquest treball son dos: a) oferir una revisi�� d���estudis que han utilitzat diferents mitjans per incidir en el CM dels aprenents i b) descriure les febleses i avantatges dels procediments i instruments que utilitzen, tal com han estat valorats en estudis de recerca, ja que ens permetr�� establir criteris objectius sobre com i quan utilitzar-los en programes que fomentin l���aprenentatge autodirigit.

The role of central bank operating procedures in an economy with productive government spending

The choice of either the rate of monetary growth or the nominal interest rate as the instrument controlled by monetary authorities has both positive and normative implications for economic performance. We reexamine some of the issues related to the choice of the monetary policy instrument in a dynamic general equilibrium model exhibiting endogenous growth in which a fraction of productive government spending is financed by means of issuing currency. When we evaluate the performance of the two monetary instruments attending to the fluctuations of endogenous variables, we find that the inflation rate is less volatile under nominal interest rate targeting. Concerning the fluctuations of consumption and of the growth rate, both monetary policy instruments lead to statistically equivalent volatilities. Finally, we show that none of these two targeting procedures displays unambiguously higher welfare levels.

Fair procedures. Evidence from games involving lotteries

Procedural fairness plays a prominent role in the social discourse concerning the marketplace in particular, and social institutions in general. Random procedures are a simple case, and they have found application in several important social allocation decisions. We investigate random procedures in the laboratory. We find that an unbiased random procedure is an acceptable substitute for an unbiased allocation: similar patterns of acceptance and rejection result when either is inserted as a feasible proposal in a sequential battle-of-the-sexes. We also find that unbiasedness, known to be a crucial characteristic of allocation fairness, is important to procedural fairness: in the context of a random offer game, a biased outcome is more readily accepted when chosen by an unbiased random draw than by one that is biased. Procedural fairness is conceptually different than allocation fairness or attribution-based behavior, and none of the current models of fairness and reciprocity captures our results. Post hoc extension of one of these models (ERC) suggests that a deeper understanding of procedural fairness requires further investigation of competing fairness norms.