Atividade f��sica na terceira idade: Uma an��lise de sua contribui����es para o estilo de vida atrav��s das representa����es sociais

Tem��ticas emergentes e estrat��gicas da pol��tica de sa��de em n��vel mundial t��m suscitado reflex��es para a����es s��cio educativas com idosos. Esta pesquisa questiona as aspira����es desse segmento social face ��s experi��ncias de qualidade proporcionadas pela atividade f��sica. Objetivo: investigar as representa����es sociais da atividade f��sica na terceira idade. M��todo: pesquisa de corte transversal com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. A amostra foi n��oprobabil��stica e por conveni��ncia apoiada na Teoria das Representa����es Sociais e a Teoria do N��cleo Central. O estudo foi realizado com alunos de um projeto para a terceira idade com sede no Centro Federal de Educa����o Tecnol��gica do Rio Grande do Norte (CEFET), no munic��pio de Natal/RN, Brasil. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se de question��rio semi-estruturado, composto de tr��s partes: A Parte I, para a caracteriza����o social da amostra e identifica����o da percep����o da atividade f��sica para a sa��de; a Parte II, com evoca����o livre de palavras e a Parte III, com uma quest��o aberta. An��lise dos dados: A explora����o do material deu-se a partir dos seguintes softs: do SPSS para an��lise de freq����ncia simples (parte I); do EVOC (parte II) e do ALCESTE (parte III). Complementarmente, foi utilizada a an��lise de conte��do a fim de inferir/corroborar sobre os n��cleos de sentido da comunica����o. Resultados: O n��cleo central da representa����o foi composto por felicidade/sa��de/dan��a e gin��stica, revelando diferentes entendimentos e mostrando tamb��m que o conhecimento constru��do da atividade f��sica assume um papel preponderante na vida de idosos, adquirindo gradativamente, a representa����o de vida com mais sa��de e qualidade na velhice . A composi����o do n��cleo central ao considerar elabora����es mentais, emo����es, pr��ticas e explica����es oriundas do cotidiano que se introduzem na constitui����o da representa����o social em foco, poder�� influenciar as escolhas e estrat��gias de se desenvolver melhora nos padr��es de sa��de e na qualidade de vida dos idosos.

Como v��o se formando os professores em f��sica e qu��mica: embates entre o ser, o ter e o fazer na forma����o de licenciandos da UFRN sob a perspectiva da teoria das representa����es sociais

The purpose of this work is to approach and understand the Social Representations (SR) (MOSCOVICI, 2003) about Physics and Chemistry from people who are major in these courses, as well as their Social Representations about teaching . We took as principle that approaching these representations it would be possible to relate their symbolic contents, in order to show how people who are following the first segments of bachelor degree courses in Physics and Chemistry become teachers, taking into account a psychosocial view. Two source of data was used during this research: Free-association Technique FA (ABRIC, 1994); and Multiple Classification Procedure (MCP) (ROAZZI, 1995). The analytical treatment of the collected data from FA was done according to the proposition of Grize, Verg��s and Silem (1987 apud ABRIC, 1994, p. 66). MCP data were analyzed through MSA (Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis) and SSA (Singular Spectrum Analysis) methods associated with the Facet Theory (BILSKY, 2003). The discourses of MCP discussing groups at the moment of explanations were studied by Content Analysis as it was proposed by Bardin (1977) and Franco (2005). Indicative of an approach to the relations with knowledge (CHARLOT, 2000), the connections which aroused from the analyses showed that the group of future majors in Physics thought that this scientific field was based on a rationalist conception, influencing the idealization sense of the phenomena to be explained by Physics. Thus, Physics as school content started to require the student of the fundamental and high school to think abstractly as a cognitive skill of learning. The identifying elements observed in the relations between SR about Physics and Teaching aroused from the antagonism between future majors and their teacher, as well as from the speculation between their fundamental and high school students and themselves, mainly when they had to face the act of teaching due to the obstacles imposed by the own educational system, and by the weakness of the initial preparation. The group of future majors in Chemistry, through its discourses, showed these relations when they conceived empiricist Chemistry and said that teaching was the way of transmission of this knowledge, and didactics of Chemistry teaching was the direction to learning through pedagogic methods in order to lead the students to discoveries. The psychosocial contents which were built and showed from the symbolic relations in the studied SR achieved the relation of identity. This relation revealed identifying elements for these people, resulting from the traffic between their condition as students of Chemistry, and as teachers regarding their work, what placed the current relational contents in the teaching space, named as Knowledge changing and Adaptability . In order to study emerging questions in the discussing environment about formation and teaching professionalization, we focused the psychosocial view on this traffic and managed to observe epistemological practical and pedagogic obstacles that limited a configuration of the teaching work as a professional activity, especially from the particular conditions which led the relations of senses to Physics , Chemistry and Teaching ; and Chemistry and Physics as it was seen in this research. Generally speaking, we noted that these obstacles can denounce such obstacles concerning to the pedagogic doings which mainly impair the learning process of fundamental and high school students

Satisfa����o dos usu��rios e qualidade dos tratamentos prot��ticos realizados nos centros de especialidades odontol��gicas da grande Natal RN

Aim: To evaluate user satisfaction and quality of prosthetic treatments performed in specialized dental clinics (CEOs) of Natal Metropolitan Region - RN. Methods: Cross-sectional study with subjects who underwent prosthetic CEOs in the cities of Natal, Maca��ba, Parnamirim and Sao Goncalo do Amarante in the period 2007 to 2009. Data collection was performed by questionnaire, clinical examination of the oral cavity and examination of fabricated denture. This analysis involved the following aspects: retention, stability, aesthetics and prosthesis fixation. The variables are presented by means of absolute numbers and proportions. The determination of the association between the independent and dependent variables was conducted by the association of Chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Results: A total of 149 users, totaling 233 conventional dentures (148 upper and 85 lower). Most patients (56.4%) were rehabilitated with conventional complete dentures. The technical quality of the denture was regarded as satisfactory in the majority (52.7%), whereas the inferior dentures were rated as unsatisfactory in 90.5% of cases. Satisfaction with the prosthesis was 69.1% (N = 103). The average time to begin treatment was 3 months to receive while the prosthesis was 4 months old. The presence of injury from the upper prosthesis occurred in 21.5% of cases (N = 32), candidiasis being the most frequent (N = 18). The technical quality of the upper prosthesis (p=0,041), as well as retention (p=0,002) and stability (p<0,001) were significantly associated with user satisfaction. Conclusions: The specialized Dental clinics has been fulfilling its role of providing treatment of intermediate complexity for low-income population with the majority of satisfield patients, even when their dentures have problems of technical quality

Avalia����o de les��es brancas de c��ries: um estudo de progn��stico

Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the current situation of white enamel lesions on vestibular surfaces of permanent upper incisors, diagnosed 6 years ago, without clinical intervention. Methods: A prospective study reassessed 53 students of both sexes, aged between 13 and 18 years old, all attending the public school system in Natal, Brazil. Data collection was performed by duly calibrated examiners, and a clinical chart consisting of demographic data on dental caries, oral hygiene, and gingival condition was prepared. A tactile-visual examination was conducted using a clinical mirror and periodontal probe. Data compilation and analysis were carried out using a SPSS software. In this analysis the chi-squared test was used for qualitative independent variables. To identify the net effect of treatment, multiple logistic analysis with forward stepwise model selection was performed. Results: The final sample was composed of 106 lesions in the 53 individuals, with mean age of 15.02 years, visible plaque index (VPI) of 23.34%, and gingival blood indices (GBI) of 25.92%. A statistically significant relationship (p = 0.003) was found between initial DMFS and prognosis of white enamel lesion. Conclusions: We observed that past caries experience and dental plaque were the main predictive factors for negative lesion outcomes, demonstrating the need for oral hygiene control through continuing preventive measures

Avaliac��o da satisfa����o do usu��rio e da qualidade dos tratamentos endod��nticos em Centros de Especialidades Odontol��gicas da Grande Natal-RN

Objective: To evaluate the degree of users satisfaction and technical quality of endodontic treatment in specialized dental clinics (CEO) of Grande Natal / RN between 2006 and 2008. Methodology: evaluated 282 endodontically treated teeth in CEOs through clinical and radiographic examinations. A questionnaire about the clinical condition of the tooth, evaluation of care and satisfaction with treatment was applied. Data on pre-and trans-operative were noted by the patient's clinical record. Endodontically treated teeth were examined by a specialist in endodontics, which compared with previous radiographs and current ones. The collected datas were presented descriptively by absolute numbers, percentages, averages. To determine the association between the independent and dependent variables was carried out through the bivariate association test Chi-square and Fisher exact test. Results: 79.8% presented with radiographic normal and 84.4% without pain symptoms. 8.2% of the teeth were fractured and 3.2% extracted. The persistence of the periapical lesion was associated with initial periapical status (p <0.05). 91.5% of patients are satisfied with the outcome of treatment. Such satisfaction is associated with absence of pain and an adequate esthetic tooth position (p <0.05). Conclusion: endodontic treatment in specialized dental clinics have an adequate technical quality, resulting in the success of endodontic therapy performed in these centers and that users are satisfied with the treatment

Aplicativo computacional para a an��lise de experimentos envolvendo vari��veis respostas categorizadas

P��s-gradua����o em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Os sentimentos maternos diante da hospitaliza����o da crian��a pequena: em busca de um colo

P��s-gradua����o em Psicologia - FCLAS

Equival��ncia de est��mulos com procedimentos combinados e consci��ncia fonol��gica na aquisi����o da leitura generalizada

A forma����o de classes de equival��ncia entre figuras, palavras ditadas e palavras impressas promove a leitura com compreens��o, mas n��o estabelece o controle discriminativo por todos as unidades da palavra (letras e s��labas). A aplica����o de procedimentos especiais combinados (c��pia, ditado e oraliza����o fluente e escandida) durante o ensino das rela����es condicionais entre palavras ditadas e palavras impressas (AC) favorece o estabelecimento de controle discriminativo por unidades menores que a palavra, e a leitura textual e com compreens��o das palavras formadas por recombina����es daquelas unidades. O treino expl��cito de discrimina����es sil��bicas tem sido adotado como um dos procedimentos nos estudos sobre consci��ncia fonol��gica, com resultados satisfat��rios em testes de leitura. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito dos dois procedimentos sobre a aquisi����o da leitura recombinativa em pr��-escolares. Tr��s crian��as foram expostas ao procedimento de equival��ncia e procedimento especiais combinados durante o ensino das rela����es AC (com as palavras MALA, PATO e BOCA), e quatro ao treino expl��cito de discrimina����es sil��bicas em tarefas de rima, alitera����o, adi����o e subtra����o de s��labas e correspond��ncia grafosil��bica. Ap��s um Pr��-teste, os participantes do primeiro grupo foram submetidos ao teste / ensino das rela����es AB (palavras ditadas-figuras), e em seguida ao ensino das rela����es AC com procedimentos combinados e aos testes BC (figuras-palavras impressas) e CB. Posteriormente �� emerg��ncia das rela����es de equival��ncia (BC/CB), as crian��as participavam de testes de leitura textual das s��labas, das palavras de ensino e de generaliza����o (formadas pela recombina����o das s��labas das palavras de ensino). Quando os participantes atingiam o m��nimo de 90% de acertos no teste de leitura generalizada eram conduzidos ao P��s-teste. Caso contr��rio, participavam antes da mesma seq����ncia anterior, por��m, com tr��s palavras de generaliza����o (BOLA, LAMA e CAPA). J�� as quatro crian��as do segundo grupo inicialmente foram submetidas a tarefas de reconhecimento sil��bico e posteriormente a tarefas de correspond��ncia grafosil��bica, rima, alitera����o, subtra����o e adi����o sil��bica com as s��labas MA, LA, PA, TO, BO e CA. O participante s�� era exposto ao treino de uma outra s��laba se obtivesse 100% de acertos na tarefa de correspond��ncia grafosil��bica e acertasse todos os itens experimentais das demais atividades. Ao final do programa os participantes eram expostos ao P��s-teste: os tr��s participantes do grupo de equival��ncia de est��mulos e um do grupo de consci��ncia fonol��gica apresentaram a leitura recombinativa de algumas palavras, mas nenhum deles apresentou leitura recombinativa generalizada. Sugere-se que outras vari��veis podem interferir no desempenho dos participantes, como: a hist��ria pr�� e extraexperimental, a aquisi����o do conceito de impressos (e.g. leitura da esquerda para a direita) e a quantidade de tentativas de ensino. Sup��e-se ainda que no caso do ensino de leitura do portugu��s o uso conjunto de procedimentos de equival��ncia de est��mulos e de discrimina����o/correspond��ncia sil��bica seja um m��todo eficiente no ensino da leitura recombinativa. Prop��e-se que novos estudos avaliem os efeitos da combina����o destes procedimentos no ensino de tal repert��rio.

N��veis plasm��ticos de vitamina A em rec��m-nascidos de pr��-termo de muito baixo peso e rela����o com a Displasia Broncopulmonar

P��s-gradua����o em Pediatria - FMB

Representa����es sociais de mulheres mastectomizadas e suas implica����es para o autocuidado

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos identificar as representa����es sociais de mulheres mastectomizadas sobre a mama e analisar as implica����es dessas representa����es sociais no autocuidado. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo segundo o referencial Teoria das Representa����es Sociais. Para coleta de dados empregou-se duas t��cnicas: a associação livre de id��ias e a observa����o livre. Para a an��lise das informa����es empregou-se a t��cnica de an��lise tem��tica. A pesquisa teve como resultado duas unidades tem��ticas: a mama e suas representa����es sociais de mudan��a no corpo e representa����es sociais de mulheres mastectomizadas: implica����es sobre o cuidado de si. No estudo, observou-se que as mulheres objetivaram o cuidado das mamas por meio da realiza����o do autoexame.

O que Freud dizia sobre as mulheres

P��s-gradua����o em Psicologia - FCLAS

O que Freud dizia sobre as mulheres

Jos�� Artur Molina busca nesta obra identificar na sociedade vienense de fins do s��culo XIX as raz��es que levaram Sigmund Freud a analisar as mulheres a partir de um ponto de vista essencialmente faloc��ntrico. Naquela ��poca, Viena, capital do Imp��rio Austro-H��ngaro, assistia a uma verdadeira revolu����o social, pol��tica e cultural, que seria o canto do cisne de sua fr��gil constru����o pol��tica que se desintegraria depois da I Guerra Mundial. Este cen��rio borbulhante forneceria as condi����es ideais para o nascimento da psican��lise. Freud construiu uma teoria singular, com conceitos como inconsciente, puls��o e um m��todo que inclu��a a escuta, a associação livre e a transfer��ncia. As mulheres hist��ricas foram as protagonistas desta cria����o. Freud encontra a raz��o do sofrimento delas: o cerceamento de seus desejos. A psican��lise revoluciona o tratamento das histerias, mas seu conceito de feminino se enclausura numa l��gica f��lica. Molina tenta desvendar porque isto aconteceu, n��o apenas discutindo as imagens de mulheres presentes na obra de Freud, mas tamb��m as constru����es femininas de autores vienenses seminais, como o romancista Schnitzler e o pintor Klimt, e o quanto tais concep����es se deviam ao vis��vel colapso das condi����es estabelecidas para a mulher e ��s mudan��as que estavam perceptivelmente a caminho na Viena da Belle ��poque.

Maternidade para m��es trabalhadoras: depress��o p��s-parto, stress, rede de apoio e conjugalidade

P��s-gradua����o em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

SNPS em genes candidatos para potencial atl��tico como poss��veis marcadores para desempenho em corrida em equinos da ra��a quarto de milha

P��s-gradua����o em Gen��tica e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Forma����o de professores: uma breve reflex��o sobre as raz��es da escolha profissional

This text, supported by the Social Representations Theory (SRT), reports some results of a research with students from the 1st/4th years of the College of Sciences and Technology from the State University of S��o Paulo (FCT-Unesp) on the teacher���s work/identity. We applied 278 questionnaires (free association questions on the teacher���s work and profile). Two groups with former students (five with teaching degrees and four with degrees in Education) were organized. We analyzed issues regarding the choice for the teaching profession (Geography - 3; Math - 04; Physical Education - 01 and Pedagogy ��� 10). Partial results: 1. There are differences between the social representations of students enrolled in Teaching and Education courses; 2. These people say the profession requires dedication and commitment; 3. They establish a strong relationship between career choice and the ���taste��� for the profession; 4. They believe that their role is greatly challenging: it involves helping prospective students and commitment to the school.