Language plurality as power struggle, or: Translating politics in Canada

For this paper, heterolingualism or language plurality will be considered as the presence in a single text or in a social environment of both French and English, Canada’s official languages. Language plurality will here be studied from an institutional viewpoint: the influence of the Canadian government on the translation of political speeches. The first part of this article will establish that political speeches are written in a bilingual environment where the two official languages are often in contact. This bilingualism, however, is often homogenised when it comes to speech delivery and publication. Therefore, the second part focuses on the speeches’ paratextual

La souffrance féminine chez Huysmans, Bloy, Bernanos et Mauriac : catholicisme et maladie mentale

Silence et soumission aux valeurs patriarcales dominantes : ainsi peut être brossée dans son ensemble et sans pour autant la déformer l’image de la condition féminine encore pleinement opérante à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle en France. La femme, ouvrière, bourgeoise ou noble, est destinée à la maternité, et ses désirs sont méprisés au profit de ceux de son (futur) époux. En littérature cependant, à partir de Madame Bovary (1857) et parallèlement à la montée timide du féminisme, apparaissent plusieurs figures féminines éminemment tragiques qui contestent la condition féminine. Louise Marles, Véronique Cheminot, Mouchette et Thérèse Desqueyroux – et tant d’autres encore… – sont autant de (jeunes) personnages féminins qui rejettent plus ou moins violemment la mise sous tutelle de la femme et l’impossibilité d’avoir un statut social et juridique accepté en dehors du mariage. Pourtant, parce qu’en ces figures de femme – et souvent malgré elles – refuse de se taire une torturante aspiration à la liberté, elles sont fatalement vouées à la folie et à la mort, deviennent prostituées, criminelles, internées ou suicidaires, voire les quatre. Selon nous, la folie est l’état dans lequel ces personnages féminins s’enlisent car ils remettent profondément en question les valeurs établies par des hommes et pour des hommes. Nous pensons que la folie est le moyen littéraire utilisé par les écrivains pour montrer l’ampleur de leur souffrance existentielle et son unique langage possible ; en ce sens, la folie serait la représentation extérieure d’une écrasante souffrance morale et psychologique. Enfin, la possession diabolique est une autre cause portée par Bernanos pour répondre à la question de la folie des femmes. Notre étude portera sur quatre figures tragiques de personnages féminins imaginées par quatre écrivains catholiques : Louise dans En rade (Huysmans, 1887), Véronique dans Le Désespéré (Léon Bloy, 1887), Mouchette dans Sous le soleil de Satan (Bernanos, 1926) et Thérèse Desqueyroux dans le roman éponyme de Mauriac (1927).

Diviser par zéro : art poétique et lecteur anticipé dans l’œuvre chantée de Plume Latraverse

Ce mémoire porte sur l’œuvre chantée de Michel Latraverse, dit Plume. Nous y définissons le projet esthétique de cet auteur-compositeur-interprète en nous questionnant sur l’auditeur anticipé dans ses chansons. D’une part, nous constatons que Latraverse mise sur une forme d’hybridité quand il se définit en tant qu’artiste. L’hétérogénéité de ses influences lui permet d’explorer un grand nombre de styles musicaux et d’aborder une multitude de sujets. Dans ses textes, il cherche le beau à travers la simplicité et la bassesse du quotidien. Cependant, il tend malgré tout à exposer la laideur du monde en développant un réflexe d’exclusion qui n’épargne personne, brisant par le fait même toutes les solidarités. D’autre part, à l’aide des théories de la lecture, nous montrons que Latraverse, en puisant à la fois aux cultures savante et populaire, et malgré ses réflexes d’exclusion, rend possible un rapprochement entre des lecteurs aux compétences parfois très inégales. À la fin, nous concluons que Plume Latraverse opère un rabaissement systématique de l’humain afin d’en ramener l’existence à sa plus simple expression, physique et corporelle. C’est ainsi qu’il crée une communauté du bas où chacun a sa place et au sein de laquelle l’exclusion n’est plus possible.

« Theatre in French Canada : laying the foundations 1606-1867 »

Compte rendu critique du livre « Theatre in French Canada : laying the foundations, 1606-1867 » de Leonard E. Doucette, Toronto : University of Toronto Press, coll. «University of Toronto Romance Series», n° 52,1984.

FosteraTM PRRS modified live vaccine efficacy against a Canadian heterologous virulent field strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).

Vaccination is a useful option to control infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and several modified live-PRRSV vaccines have been developed. These vaccines have shown some efficacy in reducing the incidence and severity of clinical disease as well as the duration of viremia and virus shedding but have failed to provide sterilizing immunity. The efficacy of modified live-virus (MLV) vaccines is greater against a homologous strain compared with heterologous PRRSV strains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Fostera PRRS MLV vaccine in protecting against challenge with a heterologous field strain widely circulating in the swine herds of eastern Canada. Forty-six piglets were divided into 4 groups: nonvaccinated-nonchallenged; nonvaccinated-challenged; vaccinated-challenged; and vaccinated-nonchallenged. The animals were vaccinated at 23 d of age with Fostera PRRS and challenged 23 d later with a heterologous field strain of PRRSV (FMV12-1425619). Overall, the vaccine showed some beneficial effects in the challenged animals by reducing the severity of clinical signs and the viral load. A significant difference between nonvaccinated and vaccinated animals was detected for some parameters starting 11 to 13 d after challenge, which suggested that the cell-mediated immune response or other delayed responses could be more important than pre-existing PRRSV antibodies in vaccinated animals within the context of protection against heterologous strains.

Dynamics of Deforestation and Socio-Economic profile of Tribal Women Folk in Kerala- A study of Attappady is

This thesis Entitled Dynamics of deforestation and Socio-Economic profile of tribal women flok in kerala -A study of Attappady. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through a sample survey conducted in three panchayaths .The thesis is organized in eight chapters. The first chapter provides the background to the study. Second chapter reviews the literature. Third chapter provides the profile of the study area and general conditions. Fourth chapter consists of the life cycle structure of the tribal woman. Fifth chapter covers the socio-economic conditions of the tribal women in the study area. Sixth chapter consists of relationship between tribal women and forest and the degradation of the forest. Seventh chapter provides the documentation of the development programmes implemented in Attappady and their importance to the tribals. Last chapter consists of summary and conclusions of the study, suggestions and recommendations of the study.

A COMPARA'l‘IVE STUDY OF FOLK POETRY IN HINDI AND MALAYAIaA.M LITERATURE

HINDI

SHGs and Cooperatives in the Fishing Sector: An Inclusive Development Option for the Fisher folk of Kerala

The Kerala model of development mostly bypassed the fishing community, as the fishers form the main miserable groups with respect to many of the socio-economic and quality of life indicators. Modernization drive in the fishing sector paradoxically turns to marginalization drives as far as the traditional fishers in Kerala are concerned. Subsequent management and resource recuperation drives too seemed to be detrimental to the local fishing community. Though SHGs and cooperatives had helped in overcoming many of the maladies in most of the sectors in Kerala in terms of livelihood and employment in the 1980s, the fishing sector by that time had been moving ahead with mechanization and export euphoria and hence it bypassed the fishing sector. Though it has not helped the fishing sector in the initial stages, but because of necessity, it soon has become a vibrant livelihood and employment force in the coastal economy of Kerala. Initial success made it to link this with the governmental cooperative set up and soon SHGs and Cooperatives become reinforcing forces for the inclusive development of the real fishers.The fisheries sector in Kerala has undergone drastic changes with the advent of globalised economy. The traditional fisher folk are one of the most marginalized communities in the state and are left out of the overall development process mainly due to the marginalization of this community both in the sea and in the market due to modernization and mechanization of the sector. Mechanization opened up the sector a great deal as it began to attract people belonging to non-fishing community as moneylenders, boat owners, employers and middle men which often resulted in conflicts between traditional and mechanized fishermen. These factors, together with resource depletion resulted in the backwardness experienced by the traditional fishermen compared to other communities who were reaping the benefits of the overall development scenario.The studies detailing the activities and achievements of fisher folks via Self Help Groups (SHGs) and the cooperative movement in coastal Kerala are scant. The SHGs through cooperatives have been effective in livelihood security, poverty alleviation and inclusive development of the fisher folk (Rajasenan and Rajeev, 2012). The SHGs have a greater role to play as estimated fall in demand for marine products in international markets, which may result in reduction of employment opportunities in fish processing, peeling, etc. Also, technological advancement has made them unskilled to work in this sector making them outliers in the overall development process resulting in poor quality of physical and social infrastructure. Hence, it is all the more important to derive a strategy and best practice methods for the effective functioning of these SHGs so that the

Practice english and music with songs and games

Cuaderno de trabajo dirigido a alumnos de Ense??anza Primaria que puede ser utilizado como material de apoyo y complementario. Se presenta un total de 22 unidades organizadas en dos partes: la primera presenta la canci??n o rima y la segunda una partitura con la melod??a. Se incluye un cap??tulo dedicado a la autoevaluaci??n con un total de 100 preguntas y otro dedicado al vocabulario. Se complementa este trabajo con un CD cuyo objetivo es combinar el aprendizaje y la pr??ctica del idioma ingl??s con el uso de las nuevas tecnolog??as.

GeoNetwork: metadata and cataloging. French (GeoSource) and Swiss (geocat.ch) experiences

GeoNetwork opensource is a standards based, Free and Open Source catalog application to manage spatially referenced resources through the web. It is an OSGEO Project initiated by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The purpose of this presentation is to illustrate the implementation of such a catalog in national projects in France and in Switzerland. Firstly, we will present you the Geosource project undertaken by BRGM (http://www.brgm.fr/), gathering national and local authorities, national geographic survey, public organisations, associations in order to provide a metadata catalog for french users : definition of french iso profile, support for INSPIRE metadata requirements. Finally, we will present the SwissTopo geocat II project. The purpose of the project is to develop the next generation geospatial catalog for SwissTopo on the basis of GeoNetwork opensource. This both projects underline the closely collaboration between national authorities and the Geonetwork opensource community

Decreto rectoral No. 1111 : Que el doctor EDUARDO BARAJAS SANDOVAL, Decano de las Facultades de Relaciones Internacionales y de Ciencia Política y Gobierno participará, entre el 24 de mayo y el 1º de junio, en el International Council for Canadian Studies, en Montreal, Canadá

Decano de las Facultades de Relaciones Internacionales y de Ciencia Política y Gobierno participará en el International Council for Canadian Studies, en Montreal, Canadá

French Imperfect: Imparfait past continous

links to online notes on the imperfect tense, used for revision French level 3a. Includes 20 question self assessment test

NETTLE Reference Framework for Educational Development, in English, Spanish and French

The framework was developed in response to feedback from partner institutions around Europe.

Miniature Carvings in the Canadian Dorset Culture: the Paleo-Eskimo Belief System

En este estudio, intento resumir los debates relacionados con la última cultura paleoesquimal de Canadá Ártica y la de Groenlandia, y llamar la atención sobre las analogías culturales desde Asia, además de crear un cuadro complejo sobre el chamanismo y el culto al oso de los Dorset. Los temas como el origen del arte de los Dorset, la transición Pre-Dorset-Dorset, y los contactos entre los Dorset y los Thule son relevantes para reconstruir el sistema de creencias de los Dorset. Sin embargo, la totalidad del sistema de creencias de los paleoesquimales no se puede comprender sobre la base de los hallazgos arqueológicosy las analogías etnográficas remotas.