Aplicaci??n de las nuevas tecnolog??as en el aula

Monogr??fico con el t??tulo: 'Experiencias Educativas y-o Profesionales'. Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Understanding Subsystems in Biology through Dimensionality Reduction, Graph Partitioning and Analytical Modeling

Biological systems exhibit rich and complex behavior through the orchestrated interplay of a large array of components. It is hypothesized that separable subsystems with some degree of functional autonomy exist; deciphering their independent behavior and functionality would greatly facilitate understanding the system as a whole. Discovering and analyzing such subsystems are hence pivotal problems in the quest to gain a quantitative understanding of complex biological systems. In this work, using approaches from machine learning, physics and graph theory, methods for the identification and analysis of such subsystems were developed. A novel methodology, based on a recent machine learning algorithm known as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), was developed to discover such subsystems in a set of large-scale gene expression data. This set of subsystems was then used to predict functional relationships between genes, and this approach was shown to score significantly higher than conventional methods when benchmarking them against existing databases. Moreover, a mathematical treatment was developed to treat simple network subsystems based only on their topology (independent of particular parameter values). Application to a problem of experimental interest demonstrated the need for extentions to the conventional model to fully explain the experimental data. Finally, the notion of a subsystem was evaluated from a topological perspective. A number of different protein networks were examined to analyze their topological properties with respect to separability, seeking to find separable subsystems. These networks were shown to exhibit separability in a nonintuitive fashion, while the separable subsystems were of strong biological significance. It was demonstrated that the separability property found was not due to incomplete or biased data, but is likely to reflect biological structure.

On the difficulty of feature-based attentional modulations in visual object recognition: A modeling study.

Numerous psychophysical experiments have shown an important role for attentional modulations in vision. Behaviorally, allocation of attention can improve performance in object detection and recognition tasks. At the neural level, attention increases firing rates of neurons in visual cortex whose preferred stimulus is currently attended to. However, it is not yet known how these two phenomena are linked, i.e., how the visual system could be "tuned" in a task-dependent fashion to improve task performance. To answer this question, we performed simulations with the HMAX model of object recognition in cortex [45]. We modulated firing rates of model neurons in accordance with experimental results about effects of feature-based attention on single neurons and measured changes in the model's performance in a variety of object recognition tasks. It turned out that recognition performance could only be improved under very limited circumstances and that attentional influences on the process of object recognition per se tend to display a lack of specificity or raise false alarm rates. These observations lead us to postulate a new role for the observed attention-related neural response modulations.

Incremental Verification of Timing Constraints for Real-Time Systems

Testing constraints for real-time systems are usually verified through the satisfiability of propositional formulae. In this paper, we propose an alternative where the verification of timing constraints can be done by counting the number of truth assignments instead of boolean satisfiability. This number can also tell us how “far away” is a given specification from satisfying its safety assertion. Furthermore, specifications and safety assertions are often modified in an incremental fashion, where problematic bugs are fixed one at a time. To support this development, we propose an incremental algorithm for counting satisfiability. Our proposed incremental algorithm is optimal as no unnecessary nodes are created during each counting. This works for the class of path RTL. To illustrate this application, we show how incremental satisfiability counting can be applied to a well-known rail-road crossing example, particularly when its specification is still being refined.

Protein Microarray: "Theory" to "Real Practice"

Fueled by ever-growing genomic information and rapid developments of proteomics–the large scale analysis of proteins and mapping its functional role has become one of the most important disciplines for characterizing complex cell function. For building functional linkages between the biomolecules, and for providing insight into the mechanisms of biological processes, last decade witnessed the exploration of combinatorial and chip technology for the detection of bimolecules in a high throughput and spatially addressable fashion. Among the various techniques developed, the protein chip technology has been rapid. Recently we demonstrated a new platform called “Spacially addressable protein array” (SAPA) to profile the ligand receptor interactions. To optimize the platform, the present study investigated various parameters such as the surface chemistry and role of additives for achieving high density and high-throughput detection with minimal nonspecific protein adsorption. In summary the present poster will address some of the critical challenges in protein micro array technology and the process of fine tuning to achieve the optimum system for solving real biological problems.

Enhancing learning beyond the classroom: blogging and other social networking tools

Blogging has become one of the key ingredients of the so-called socials networks. This phenomenon has indeed invaded the world of education. Connections between people, comments on each other posts, and assessment of innovation are usually interesting characteristics of blogs related to students and scholars. Blogs have become a kind of new form of authority, bringing about (divergent) discussions which lead to creation of knowledge. The use of blogs as an innovative, educational tool is not at all new. However, their use in universities is not very widespread yet. Blogging for personal affairs is rather commonplace, but blogging for professional affairs – teaching, research and service, is scarce, despite the availability of ready-to-use, free tools. Unfortunately, Information Society has not reached yet enough some universities: not only are (student) blogs scarcely used as an educational tool, but it is quite rare to find a blog written by University professors. The Institute of Computational Chemistry of the University of Girona and the Department of Chemistry of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona has joined forces to create “InnoCiència”, a new Group on Digital Science Communitation. This group, formed by ca. ten researchers, has promoted the use of blogs, twitters. wikis and other tools of Web 2.0 in activities in Catalonia concerning the dissemination of Science, like Science Week, Open Day or Researchers’ Night. Likewise, its members promote use of social networking tools in chemistry- and communication-related courses. This communication explains the outcome of social-network experiences with teaching undergraduate students and organizing research communication events. We provide live, hands-on examples and interactive ground to show how blogs and twitters can be used to enhance the yield of teaching and research. Impact of blogging and other social networking tools on the outcome of the learning process is very depending on the target audience and the environmental conditions. A few examples are provided and some proposals to use these techniques efficiently to help students are hinted

Aplicaciones didácticas de las TIC a la enseñanza de los idiomas (Inglés).

Resumen basado en la publicación

Las tecnologías sociales aplicadas al aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras : experiencias sociales 2.0 de la Escuela Oficial de Idiomas de Teruel.

Relación de proyectos llevados a cabo por la Escuela de Idiomas de Teruel para la aplicación de tecnologías sociales al aprendizaje de idiomas. Sus objetivos son: potenciar el trabajo colaborativo y la participación entre usuarios, integrar al usuario de forma activa en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, facilitar el aprendizaje integral, incentivar la sociabilización entre el alumnado y mejorar la comunicación. Para ello, han creado varios blogs y redes sociales que han permitido la publicación de recursos adaptados a cada nivel del aprendizaje de idiomas.

Posibilidades educativas de las TIC.

Proyecto llevado a cabo en el colegio Miguel Artigas de Pinseque sobre el uso de las tecnologías en el aula. Su principal objetivo es animar e incitar el uso de las TIC como medio de comunicación y expresión. Se potencia el trabajo cooperativo a través de actividades como cortometrajes, creación de materiales multimedia e implantación de blogs como medio de exposición. Se trabajan las competencias básicas y se desarrollan otras como la autonomía personal y las habilidades sociales.

Ecobachillerato.

Portal de materiales para el trabajo del área de administración y gestión de empresas. Su principal objetivo es conseguir una herramienta motivadora en la que se combinen aspectos como la informática y la economía. La web está dividida en apartados dependiendo de los destinatarios de la información: alumnos, profesores u opositores, o temas concretos: economía, economía de la empresa y fundamentos de administración y gestión. Los recursos disponibles son: ejercicios, videos, blogs, exámenes, noticias de prensa, libros, trabajos, cursos, recursos, webquest, diccionarios, etc. Existe un apartado dedicado a las oposiciones y empleo público donde se publican temarios, convocatorias, libros, apuntes, exámenes y tests.

El Blog como herramienta docente para la autogestión del aprendizaje. Un ejemplo en historiografía

Ante los retos del EEES, la experiencia de la asignatura Tendencias Historiográficas II se ha propuesto desarrollar un proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje mediante un bloc que facilite el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en el alumnado, un conocimiento adecuado de las grandes formas de hacer historia en la actualidad y la capacidad de aplicar este conocimiento para valorar los textos historiográficos (y, por tanto, para capacitar al alumnado para aplicarlo en otras circunstancias). Pieza clave de este proceso ha sido el uso del blog del profesor y de los blogs del alumnado para elaborar comentarios de textos que sean accesibles para todos, permitan la autoevaluación del alumnado y el desarrollo de su aprendizaje autónomo, y, en último término, consigan un aprendizaje significativo. El texto expone los objetivos que se proponían, el desarrollo de la asignatura, evalúa los resultados obtenidos y, finalmente, reflexiona sobre los efectos del uso de Internet sobre nuestra forma de trabajar y de pensar

Generador de afición 2.0

El fundamental propósito de los docentes de la asignatura de primer curso Introducción a la Arquitectura de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de A Coruña es la de la generación de la afición necesaria, y tantas veces olvidada, de todo buen estudiante y futuro profesional. La implicación de éste en la materia de un modo genérico, no especializado; a modo de primer acercamiento general a los contenidos de los estudios que inicia, obliga a la búsqueda y utilización de todas cuantas herramientas sean necesarias para la consecución de nuestros objetivos. Durante los últimos cursos hemos trabajado la utilización de blogs como recurso enormemente útil para no sólo conseguir el acercamiento del alumno -en las primeras fases de la experiencia descritas en convocatoria previa de este mismo foro univest08-, sino incluso para hacerlo partícipe en calidad de autor, diluyendo las limitaciones de la clase presencial y apostando por hacer del tiempo no presencial un tiempo que ha de ser rentable para la consecución de nuestros objetivos. A modo de ensayo, de cara a la inminente implantación del nuevo título de grado, nos ha preocupado el control, la evaluación y la medida de nuestros actos, para lo que se ha jugado tanto a no vincular al proceso a la totalidad de grupos como a evaluar a uno de los grupos implicados de forma externa gracias a una docente e otra asignatura. A día de hoy, podemos afirmar que las herramientas web 2.0 en general, y los blogs en particular se han convertido en la más útil de las oportunidades para la generación de afición en nuestros alumnos

Las Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación: el punto de vista del estudiante

En la actualidad, las universidades españolas se encuentran inmersas en un proceso de cambio, producto de la llamada Convergencia Europea. Entre las principales modificaciones propuestas se encuentran los nuevos créditos europeos ECTS. Los ECTS suponen una renovación del modelo didáctico, ya que una parte importante del aprendizaje lo debe realizar el alumnado de forma autónoma. El nuevo modelo de enseñanza universitaria puede apoyarse en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs), ya que éstas permiten fomentar un proceso de enseñanza basado en el trabajo autónomo del estudiante (Area et al., 2008). En este contexto cobra relevancia y significación el diseño y desarrollo de materiales didácticos digitales, de webs docentes, de blogs educativos o de aulas virtuales como una vía para favorecer el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiantado matriculado en una determinada asignatura (Area, 2005). Este trabajo se plantea mostrar los resultados en el aprendizaje, la motivación y satisfacción del alumnado de una modificación del método docente tradicional, consistente en combinar la actividad docente presencial en las aulas con la utilización de una web docente

Correction of shading effects in vision-based UUV localization

This paper describes the improvements achieved in our mosaicking system to assist unmanned underwater vehicle navigation. A major advance has been attained in the processing of images of the ocean floor when light absorption effects are evident. Due to the absorption of natural light, underwater vehicles often require artificial light sources attached to them to provide the adequate illumination for processing underwater images. Unfortunately, these flashlights tend to illuminate the scene in a nonuniform fashion. In this paper a technique to correct non-uniform lighting is proposed. The acquired frames are compensated through a point-by-point division of the image by an estimation of the illumination field. Then, the gray-levels of the obtained image remapped to enhance image contrast. Experiments with real images are presented

On the way to solve lighting problems in underwater imaging

A major obstacle to processing images of the ocean floor comes from the absorption and scattering effects of the light in the aquatic environment. Due to the absorption of the natural light, underwater vehicles often require artificial light sources attached to them to provide the adequate illumination. Unfortunately, these flashlights tend to illuminate the scene in a nonuniform fashion, and, as the vehicle moves, induce shadows in the scene. For this reason, the first step towards application of standard computer vision techniques to underwater imaging requires dealing first with these lighting problems. This paper analyses and compares existing methodologies to deal with low-contrast, nonuniform illumination in underwater image sequences. The reviewed techniques include: (i) study of the illumination-reflectance model, (ii) local histogram equalization, (iii) homomorphic filtering, and, (iv) subtraction of the illumination field. Several experiments on real data have been conducted to compare the different approaches