UTILIZACIÓN DEL CATÁLOGO EN LÍNEA DEL SISTEMA DE INFORMACIÓN DOCUMENTAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL POR LOS USUARIOS DE LA BIBLIOTECA “JOAQUÍN GARCÍA MONGE”: GRADO DE CONOCIMIENTO

¿Qué grado de conocimiento y éxito en la localización de la información tienen los usuarios de la Biblioteca “Joaquín García Monge” en la utilización del catálogo en línea del Sistema de Información Documental de la Universidad Nacional (SIDUNA), Heredia, Costa Rica?. 

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and oxidative burst inhibition by the naphthoquinone 5-methoxy-3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin from Paepalanthus latipes

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium recognized as the major cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers. Infection by H. pylori induces inflammatory responses and pathological changes in the gastric microenvironment. The host Keywords: immune cells (especially neutrophils) release inflammatory mediators and large 5-methoxy-3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with an increased Helicobacter pyloririsk of developing gastric cancer. In this study, we evaluated the anti-H. pylori and oxidative burst antioxidantactivitiesofa1,4-naphthoquinone-5-methoxy-3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin. Paepalanthus latipes The antimicrobial activity was assessed using a spectrophotometric microdilution technique, and antioxidant activity was assessed by noting the effect of 5-methoxy3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin on the neutrophil oxidative burst using luminol-and lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence. The results showed that 5-methoxy-3,4dehydroxanthomegnin is a potent anti-H. pylori compound (MIC 64 µg/mL and MBC 128 µg/mL) and a strong antioxidant. 5-Methoxy-3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin decreased luminol- and lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence, with ED50 values of 1.58±0.09 µg/mL and 5.4±0.15 µg/mL, respectively, reflecting an inhibitory effect on the oxidative burst. These results indicate that 5-methoxy-3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin is a promising compound for the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by H. pylori infection, such as gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric cancer, because reactive oxygen intermediates are involved in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury induced by H. pylori infections.

Are complex demonstratives synonymous with definite descriptions?

Neste artigo, discuto como o material descritivo dos demonstrativos complexos contribuipara o seu conteúdo literal relativo a um contexto de proferimento. Em filosofia da linguagem, uma hipótese tradicional sobre os demonstrativos complexos prevê que o material descritivo ‘F’ de um demonstrativo complexo faz uma contribuição ao conteúdo literal porque uma descrição definida contendo o nominal ‘F’ determina e expressa o conteúdo literal do demonstrativo complexo relativo ao contexto de proferimento. Assevero que este tipo de hipótese envolve erro porque nenhum tipo de descrição definida, descrições Gödelianas em particular, tem papel efetivo na determinação do conteúdo literal dos demonstrativos complexos. Em vez disso, sou favorável a uma abordagem segundo a qual o conteúdo literal de um demonstrativo complexo é exaustivamente composto pelo conteúdo nãoquantificacional da expressão demonstrativa (e.g., ‘esta’) e pelo conteúdo descritivo de seu nominal (e.g., ‘mesa’). Demonstrativos complexos são, portanto, designadores descritivos, termos que se referem e descrevem sem quantificar. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

Araucaria clonal forestry: types of cuttings and mother tree sex in field survival and growth.

Araucaria angustifolia é uma espécie nativa potencial para a silvicultura brasileira. No entanto, uma série de desafios e limitações técnicas ainda persistem, dificultando sua expansão silvicultural, dentre os quais se destaca a falta de tecnologias de clonagem de materiais genéticos superiores, bem como sua avaliação em condições de campo. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a potencialidade da utilização de mudas de araucária oriundas de estaquia e de sementes para produção madeireira, por meio da avaliação da sobrevivência e crescimento a campo. Clones provenientes de matrizes masculinas e femininas, de diferentes tipos de estacas e mudas de sementes foram plantadas em espaçamento 3 x 3 m. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e parcelas de uma planta (one tree plot). Clones do sexo feminino e de estacas contendo o ápice apresentaram maior crescimento em diâmetro à altura do peito (6,4 cm) e altura total (3,6 m) aos 74 meses após o plantio, seguidas das de sementes e demais clones, com resultados similares. Conclui-se que a estaquia é uma técnica potencial de produção de mudas de araucária para fins madeireiros e é favorecida pela utilização de estacas proveniente de matrizes femininas e com ápice.

Efecto de 12 sesiones de un entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre la composición corporal en adultos jóvenes

Introducción: actualmente los programas de entrenamiento interválicos de alta intensidad parecen ser una forma de optimizar el tiempo, provocando cambios en la composición corporal debido a la activación de diferentes mecanismos hormonales y metabólicos. Objetivo: observar el efecto de cuatro semanas de entrenamiento de esprints repetidos basados en la prueba de Wingate sobre la potencia y la composición corporal en adultos jóvenes. Métodos: los participantes (22,4 ± 1,8 años) fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental o a un grupo control. Antes de comenzar y al acabar el periodo experimental, a los sujetos se les realizó una densitometría de cuerpo completo y una prueba de Wingate. El grupo experimental realizó 12 sesiones de esprints repetidos, realizando de 3 a 6 esprints de 30 segundos con un tiempo de recuperación de 4 minutos. El grupo control continuó con su rutina diaria y no se le aplicó ningún tipo de intervención. Resultados: en el grupo experimental, la potencia media y máxima incrementó un 9,4-16,5% (p < 0,001). Además, disminuyó la masa grasa total un 8,1% (p < 0,028) y la grasa abdominal un 10,0% (p < 0,038). El grupo control no sufrió cambios en ninguna de las variables estudiadas. Conclusiones: cuatro semanas de entrenamiento de esprints repetidos basados en la prueba de Wingate con un volumen específico de ~3 minutos por sesión y una frecuencia de 3 sesiones por semana, muestra mejoras estadísticamente significativas en la potencia máxima y media. Además, provoca cambios en la composición corporal, principalmente en la masa grasa total y de la zona abdominal.

Rehidratación post-ejercicio con agua de coco: ¿igual o más efectiva que una bebida deportiva?

Objetivo: comparar la efectividad rehidratante del agua de coco fresca, con el agua embotellada y una bebida deportiva.Metodología: once participantes de 22,0 ± 1,9 años y 65,6 ± 13,0 kg de masa corporal (promedio ± D.E), asistieron al laboratorio en tres ocasiones, separadas entre sí por una semana. En cada sesión se deshidrataron por ejercicio en el calor hasta perder 1,84 ± 0,2% de la masa corporal. Luego fueron rehidratados en una hora, con agua comercial embotellada (AE), una bebida deportiva (BD) o agua de coco (AC), utilizando un volumen equivalente al 120% del peso perdido. Se evaluaron las sensaciones percibidas relacionadas con la tolerancia y la aceptación de las bebidas. Se recolectó la orina eliminada durante tres horas post-rehidratación.Resultados: Hubo interacción entre las bebidas y el tiempo sobre la orina excretada (p=0,003), siendo el AE estadísticamente diferente al AC y la BD a los 30 y 60 min post-rehidratación (p<0,05). El volumen total de orina fue mayor con agua embotellada (625 ± 183 mL), en comparación con AC y BD (390 ± 73 mL y 416 ± 200 mL, respectivamente, p<0,002); AC y BD no fueron distintas entre sí (p>0,05). Esto produjo porcentajes de conservación de líquido diferentes para AE (56%), con respecto a BD (71%) y AC (71%) (p<0,001). No hubo interacción entre las bebidas y el tiempo sobre las sensaciones percibidas de tolerancia (p>0,05).La percepción de la dulzura fue menor para AE (p= 0,024). BD obtuvo mejores puntajes de sabor y aceptación general (p<0,05).Conclusiones: el agua de coco fresca resulta tan efectiva como una bebida deportiva para conservar el líquido consumido, teniendo una buena tolerancia y aceptación. Podría ser usada como una bebida rehidratante, cuando la persona la tenga disponible y le agrade su sabor.

Characterization of a plankton community in a fish farm

Aim: The objective of this study was to analyze the composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton communities related to the dynamics of a fish farm; Methods: Samples were collected every other day, within a period of twenty consecutive days, during the dry and rainy seasons. Two samples were collected upstream from the fish pond (reservoir); the other four samples were collected in the fish farm area; Results: Rotifera and Chlorophyceae species were found in high densities at almost all sampling sites during both seasons under analysis. The higher phytoplankton species richness from site P3 to P6 was influenced by the management employed within the fish farm. The zooplankton community showed low values of density, species richness and equitability during the dry season; Conclusions: The continuous water flow and the addition of fertilizers (organic and inorganic) in the fish ponds had an influence on the plankton community, leading to a reduction in water quality and Cyanobacteria dominance.

Influence of management on plankton community of fishponds during the dry and rainy seasons

Aim: The present investigation aims at evaluating attention to the occurrence and abundance of planktonic communities in fishponds and their relationships to the management employed; Methods: Seven fishponds (V1-V7) fertilized with different treatments were analyzed by monthly sampling, taken between July and December/07, during both dry and rainy seasons; Results: Euglenophyceae and Chlorophyceae were most representative during the studied period. In the fishpond with organic fertilizer Cyanobacteria was more than 65 and 90% of total phytoplankton abundance in September and August, mainly represented by Microcystis sp. (14,595 and 22,500 ind.L-1, respectively). An inverse relationship occurred between Copepoda and Cladocera, and Copepoda and Rotifera were present in all fishponds during the both seasons. Diversity (H') and species richness was low and equitability indices generally showed the highest values for zooplankton. The lowest values were observed for phytoplankton during the rainy season; Conclusions: The use of organic fertilizer and the random emptying of the fishponds affected directly and species diversity and richness, with dominance of Cyanobacteria emphasizing the need to adopt a management technique to increase fishponds productivity and consequently, fish production.

Time-limited home-care reablement services for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults

Background: Reablement, also known as restorative care, is one possible approach to home-care services for older adults at risk of functional decline. Unlike traditional home-care services, reablement is frequently time-limited (usually six to 12 weeks) and aims to maximise independence by offering an intensive multidisciplinary, person-centred and goal-directed intervention. Objectives: To assess the effects of time-limited home-care reablement services (up to 12 weeks) for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults (aged 65 years or more) when compared to usual home-care or wait-list control group. Search methods: We searched the following databases with no language restrictions during April to June 2015: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE (OvidSP); Embase (OvidSP); PsycINFO (OvidSP); ERIC; Sociological Abstracts; ProQuest Dissertations and Theses; CINAHL (EBSCOhost); SIGLE (OpenGrey); AgeLine and Social Care Online. We also searched the reference lists of relevant studies and reviews as well as contacting authors in the field. Selection criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster randomised or quasi-randomised trials of time-limited reablement services for older adults (aged 65 years or more) delivered in their home; and incorporated a usual home-care or wait-list control group. Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias of individual studies and considered quality of the evidence using GRADE. We contacted study authors for additional information where needed. Main results: Two studies, comparing reablement with usual home-care services with 811 participants, met our eligibility criteria for inclusion; we also identified three potentially eligible studies, but findings were not yet available. One included study was conducted in Western Australia with 750 participants (mean age 82.29 years). The second study was conducted in Norway (61 participants; mean age 79 years). We are very uncertain as to the effects of reablement compared with usual care as the evidence was of very low quality for all of the outcomes reported. The main findings were as follows. Functional status: very low quality evidence suggested that reablement may be slightly more effective than usual care in improving function at nine to 12 months (lower scores reflect greater independence; standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.53 to -0.06; 2 studies with 249 participants). Adverse events: reablement may make little or no difference to mortality at 12 months' follow-up (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.29; 2 studies with 811 participants) or rates of unplanned hospital admission at 24 months (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.85 to 1.03; 1 study with 750 participants). The very low quality evidence also means we are uncertain whether reablement may influence quality of life (SMD -0.23; 95% CI -0.48 to 0.02; 2 trials with 249 participants) or living arrangements (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.34; 1 study with 750 participants) at time points up to 12 months. People receiving reablement may be slightly less likely to have been approved for a higher level of personal care than people receiving usual care over the 24 months' follow-up (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77 to 0.98; 1 trial, 750 participants). Similarly, although there may be a small reduction in total aggregated home and healthcare costs over the 24-month follow-up (reablement: AUD 19,888; usual care: AUD 22,757; 1 trial with 750 participants), we are uncertain about the size and importance of these effects as the results were based on very low quality evidence. Neither study reported user satisfaction with the service. Authors' conclusions: There is considerable uncertainty regarding the effects of reablement as the evidence was of very low quality according to our GRADE ratings. Therefore, the effectiveness of reablement services cannot be supported or refuted until more robust evidence becomes available. There is an urgent need for high quality trials across different health and social care systems due to the increasingly high profile of reablement services in policy and practice in several countries.

Avaliação da estabilidade postural durante a realização de exercícios de equilíbrio com diferentes níveis de dificuldade

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Fisioterapia

Análise eletromiográfica do exercício de press-up com variações e diferentes níveis de estabilidade

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Fisioterapia

The complexity in the implementation process of empowerment-based chronic kidney care: a case study

Background: This study is part of an interactive improvement intervention aimed to facilitate empowerment-based chronic kidney care using data from persons with CKD and their family members. There are many challenges to implementing empowerment-based care, and it is therefore necessary to study the implementation process. The aim of this study was to generate knowledge regarding the implementation process of an improvement intervention of empowerment for those who require chronic kidney care. Methods: A prospective single qualitative case study was chosen to follow the process of the implementation over a two year period. Twelve health care professionals were selected based on their various role(s) in the implementation of the improvement intervention. Data collection comprised of digitally recorded project group meetings, field notes of the meetings, and individual interviews before and after the improvement project. These multiple data were analyzed using qualitative latent content analysis. Results: Two facilitator themes emerged: Moving spirit and Encouragement. The healthcare professionals described a willingness to individualize care and to increase their professional development in the field of chronic kidney care. The implementation process was strongly reinforced by both the researchers working interactively with the staff, and the project group. One theme emerged as a barrier: the Limitations of the organization. Changes in the organization hindered the implementation of the intervention throughout the study period, and the lack of interplay in the organization most impeded the process. Conclusions: The findings indicated the complexity of maintaining a sustainable and lasting implementation over a period of two years. Implementing empowerment-based care was found to be facilitated by the cooperation between all involved healthcare professionals. Furthermore, long-term improvement interventions need strong encouragement from all levels of the organization to maintain engagement, even when it is initiated by the health care professionals themselves.

A penhorabilidade do Direito de Autor na obra cinematográfica

O Direito de Autor protege a criação intelectual e, do mesmo modo, protege a obra cinematográfica. A obra cinematográfica caracteriza-se pelo conjunto de obras do realizador, do autor do argumento e dos diálogos, e da banda musical, conforme os artigos 2º, nº 1 alínea f) e 22º, nº 1 do Código de Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos. O Direito de Autor subdivide-se em direitos patrimoniais e direitos pessoais. Apenas os direitos patrimoniais são passíveis de sofrer alteração de titular. A obra intelectual, enquanto coisa incorpórea, é objeto de transmissão. E como objeto de transmissão ela é possível de ser penhorada apenas no conteúdo patrimonial. E esta questão não é pacífica pela doutrina no Ordenamento Jurídico Português, pois sendo os direitos morais intransmissíveis a utilização que se faça do conteúdo patrimonial pode colidir com estes direitos morais. Embora a penhora incida apenas sobre o conteúdo patrimonial, ela pode ser condicionada pelo exercício dos direitos morais. A questão de máxima importância prende-se no facto de, não havendo mais nada a penhorar, poder-se ou não penhorar o Direito de Exploração do Direito de Autor quando ele esteja na pessoa do criador e/ou quando esteja na pessoa de um terceiro. Outro problema que a obra cinematográfica suscita, prende-se com o facto de, sendo possível penhorar, em que medida é que vamos penhorar, pois verifica-se vários direitos de autor inseridos numa só obra. Ou seja, sobre a “obra cinematográfica” reconhecem-se vários autores e, além disso, integrados na obra cinematográfica reconhece-se a possibilidade de coexistirem várias obras suscetíveis de utilização autónoma, sobre os quais existem direitos de autor, com conteúdos patrimoniais e morais, distintos do que incide sobre a obra cinematográfica como um todo.

La posición socio económica en el campo de la actividad física y su relación con la imagen corporal: Aproximación desde el enfoque determinantes/ determinación social de la salud

El presente trabajo analiza la definición de la categoría posición socioeconómica (PSE) y las variables con las cuales se representa en los productos académicos del campo de la actividad física, además de su relación con la categoría de imagen corporal. Para lograr el objetivo, se rastrean elementos que permiten dar cuenta si los documentos de investigación se abordan desde alguno de los dos contextos: determinantes (DDSS) o determinación social de la salud (DSS). Se inicia con un rastreo global por medio de los motores de búsqueda, las bases de datos y los repositorios institucionales. Posteriormente se parametriza la ruta, desde las categorías imagen corporal (IC) y PSE. Las investigaciones pretenden dar cuenta de la evaluación a 15 años del programa "Salud para Todos" de la ONU de 2001, en el marco de los Objetivos Del Milenio. Se revisaron resúmenes de los productos, descartando aquellos donde la categoría PSE o sus descriptores asociados tuvieran un papel secundario. Se limitó a Latinoamérica y España por su tradición histórica colonizadora; con el ánimo de conocer la postura de esta comunidad frente al proceso globalizado de la salud en el mundo. Al grupo final se le aplican criterios parametrizados a partir de la revisión teórica, para responder los interrogantes basados en las implicaciones que tiene la PSE en el pensamiento actual de la producción científica en el campo de la actividad física; y cómo las otras categorías de análisis se ven o no manifiestas. El índice de calidad científica CASPe, determina la pertinencia de los textos. En el aspecto teórico, se encuentra que la categoría PSE, a pesar de ser muy utilizada, tiene una conceptualización difusa. Por tal motivo, se propone una definición de PSE sustentada en el pensamiento sociológico. En el aspecto empírico, al rastrear las variables con que se reemplaza la PSE en las investigaciones, se encuentran grandes diferencias y el uso de múltiples y disímiles subcategorías.

Prevalencia y factores asociados a síndrome burnout en docentes vs personal administrativo pertenecientes a una universidad privada en Bogotá en el 2016

El Síndrome de Burnout, es una condición cuya detección ha venido en aumento en las últimas décadas. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios realizados en docentes universitarios en Colombia. El objetivo del presente estudio es estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados, en población administrativa y docente de una universidad privada.