Interação fármaco-receptor

Diagrama de esquema apresentando a interação fármaco-receptor

A interação entre ESF e Escola na saúde do adolescente.

O artigo consiste em um relato da interação entre a Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) e a escola na promoção e prevenção de agravos à saúde dos adolescentes. Trata-se de um projeto realizado em 2010, na ESF Mário Covas, com adolescentes da Escola Municipal Professora Arlene Marques de Almeida, em Campo Grande (MS). O atual Programa Saúde na Escola mostrou ser uma evolução na história de políticas públicas de promoção à saúde de crianças e adolescentes ao abrir uma brecha para alcançar os adolescentes que frequentam as escolas e, assim, fornecer atenção primária à saúde.

Interação entre o HIV, o M. tuberculosis e o sistema imune [animação]

Unidade 2, atividade 1 do curso Manejo da Coinfecção TB-HIV: animação em que é abordado porquê a coinfecção entre TB-HIV é tão prejudicial e potencialmente fatal e como ocorre essa interação entre as duas doenças.

Comunicação: tecnologia leve para a interação dos saberes e práticas do cuidado - enfermeiro e usuários

O objeto do trabalho em saúde não é um processo estático, ele ocorre através de um movimento contínuo, com uma dinamicidade que faz com que as tecnologias leves utilizadas sejam efetivas. Dentro dessa concepção, há a exigência de que os profissionais da saúde, especialmente o enfermeiro, tenham uma atitude diferenciada, disponham de uma capacidade diferenciada no olhar, a fim de que percebam essa dinamicidade e pluralidade, que desafiam os sujeitos à criatividade, à escuta, à flexibilidade e ao sensível. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é verificar a contribuição que a interação dos saberes e práticas de saúde dos usuários/família e o enfermeiro da ESF, permeados pela linguagem/cultura, proporciona aspectos relevantes no cuidado, quando esta interação ocorre no uso de tecnologias leves do processo de trabalho da Atenção Primária em Saúde. A presente pesquisa tratou de um estudo teórico de abordagem qualitativa, de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio de levantamento bibliográfico de variadas literaturas nacionais especializadas, manuais do Ministério da Saúde e em artigos com embasamento científico, com relação à temática do cuidado, da comunicação e do uso das tecnologias na Estratégia de Saúde da Família - ESF. Com a realização dessa pesquisa concluiu-se que a presença das tecnologias leves no processo de trabalho em saúde objetiva a produção de ações de cuidado, que devem estar presentes nas relações de reciprocidade e de interação. A produção dessas relações produz um atendimento global, onde há o resgate da singularidade, onde o usuário adquire cidadania e autonomia.

A medicalização excessiva e o risco de interação medicamentosa em idosos no município de Porteirinha - Minas Gerais

A medicalização excessiva e o risco de interação medicamentosa em idosos constituem um problema na área de saúde, trazendo sérias consequências para a saúde do idoso. Este estudo objetivou elaborar um Projeto de Intervenção para diminuir a medicalização excessiva e ou eventos decorrentes da interação medicamentosa em idosos do território da Unidade Básica de Saúde União de Porteirinha - MG. A escolha do tema aconteceu principalmente por observação do grande número de ocorrências de casos desse tipo e do intuito de poder contribuir com a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Inicialmente pesquisamos acerca da história do município e suas principais características, procurando demonstrar seus aspectos relevantes que pudessem contribuir para o estudo. A metodologia utilizada envolveu uma revisão de literatura, incluindo pesquisas bibliográficas pertinentes ao assunto e posteriormente a elaboração do plano de intervenção, com o passo a passo das tarefas a serem realizadas. Na revisão de literatura procuramos abordar autores que abordassem a temática ou assuntos afins, tais como polifarmácia, saúde do idoso e interações medicamentosas, onde pudemos respaldar o trabalho proposto. Na elaboração do plano de intervenção foram abordados os principais problemas dos pacientes e as possíveis soluções para os mesmos, por meio de quadros simplificados com apresentação de tarefas a serem seguidas para a solução dos principais problemas.

Principais agravos de saúde da pessoa idosa: síndromes geriátricas: desequilíbrio

'Principais agravos de saúde da pessoa idosa (síndromes geriátricas)' é o Módulo 05 do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Pessoa Idosa da UNA-SUS/UERJ. Dividido em 03 unidades, este módulo aborda os aspectos mais relevantes relacionados às síndromes geriátricas, tais como: as alterações cognitivas e as síndromes demenciais, o desequilíbrio e as vertigens e as incontinências. O recurso textual apresenta a Unidade 2 do Módulo 5 e aborda desequilíbrio e as vertigens, queixas muito comuns na Atenção Básica. Inicialmente, tem-se como o envelhecimento interfere no equilíbrio, que por sua vez, depende da interação dos sistemas motor, sensorial e da cognição. Depois, a classificação das vertigens e a etiologia, abrangendo as causas periféricas, centrais e outras. Por fim, analisa-se o diagnóstico e o tratamento.

Cognitive And Behavioral Heterogeneity In Genetic Syndromes.

this study aimed to investigate the cognitive and behavioral profiles, as well as the psychiatric symptoms and disorders in children with three different genetic syndromes with similar sociocultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. thirty-four children aged 6 to 16 years, with Williams-Beuren syndrome (n=10), Prader-Willi syndrome (n=11), and Fragile X syndrome (n=13) from the outpatient clinics of Child Psychiatry and Medical Genetics Department were cognitively assessed through the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III). Afterwards, a full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ), verbal IQ, performance IQ, standard subtest scores, as well as frequency of psychiatric symptoms and disorders were compared among the three syndromes. significant differences were found among the syndromes concerning verbal IQ and verbal and performance subtests. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated that vocabulary and comprehension subtest scores were significantly higher in Williams-Beuren syndrome in comparison with Prader-Willi and Fragile X syndromes, and block design and object assembly scores were significantly higher in Prader-Willi syndrome compared with Williams-Beuren and Fragile X syndromes. Additionally, there were significant differences between the syndromes concerning behavioral features and psychiatric symptoms. The Prader-Willi syndrome group presented a higher frequency of hyperphagia and self-injurious behaviors. The Fragile X syndrome group showed a higher frequency of social interaction deficits; such difference nearly reached statistical significance. the three genetic syndromes exhibited distinctive cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric patterns.

A pilot study of topiramate in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

We conducted an open, add-on study with topiramate (TPM) as adjunctive therapy in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), to assess the long-term efficacy and safety and to evaluate quality of life (QL) measurements in the chronic use of TPM. We studied 19 patients (11 male; age ranging from 4 to 14 years) with uncontrolled seizures receiving 2-3 anti-epileptic drugs. Patients were followed up to 36 months of treatment. A questionnaire was used to query parents about QL. Seven patients completed the study at 36 months and seizure frequency was reduced > 75% in 4, and < 50% in 3 patients. Two children became seizure free for more than 24 months. Most side effects were CNS related, with the most frequent being somnolence and anorexia. These were generally transient. One patient dropped-out due to powder in the urine. None of the patients required hospitalization. At 36 months, patients' alertness (2/7), interaction with environment (5/7), ability to perform daily activities (5/7), and verbal performance (6/7) improved on TPM. We conclude that TPM may be useful as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of LGS. The efficacy of TPM was maintained in long-term treatment in more than 40% of patients, long term safety was confirmed and QL improved on TPM.

Linguagem, cultura e alteridade: imagens do outro

Language, culture, and otherness are complementary and also confliting issues representing the central debate on childhood and the child who carries the signals of social and/or ethinical of exclusion. The debate on the social still connected to universal and absolute values and trues, therefore the theme needs a reavaliation on the realm of relativism. Questioning the fact that culture and otherness are expressed by language which are not always visible and explicit, requering a close and deep look at many social realities enpoorvered suburbs and rural areas, white and black children, homeless children, we kept their voices and speaches, their images from their own drawings to understand the way the percept mean they live and they are. These children have a word for school, and also about the process and agents to say by many different ways to express how they look their own world and how the world look at them.

Modelos estatísticos indicadores de comportamentos associados a bem-estar térmico para matrizes pesadas

The study of female broiler breeders is of great importance for the country as poultry production is one of the largest export items, and Brazil is the second largest broiler meat exporter. Animal behavior is known as a response to the effect of several interaction factors among them the environment. In this way the internal housing environment is an element that gives hints regarding to the bird s thermal comfort. Female broiler breeder behavior, expresses in form of specific pattern the bird s health and welfare. This research had the objective of applying predictive statistical models through the use of simulation, presenting animal comfort scenarios facing distinct environmental conditions. The research was developed with data collected in a controlled environment using Hybro - PG® breeding submitted to distinct levels of temperature, three distinct types of standard ration and age. Descriptive and exploratory analysis were proceeded, and afterwards the modeling process using the Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE). The research allowed the development of the thermal comfort indicators by statistical model equations of predicting female broiler breeder behavior under distinct studied scenarios.

Caracterização de dois equipamentos de beneficiamento e classificação de tomates para mesa

On the last years, in Brazil, sorting and classifying fruits and vegetables using packing lines have increased. This work aimed at characterizing the cleaning process for fresh market tomatoes at two packing lines, one imported and one national located at Campinas, São Paulo State. Characterization included data, number, types and brushes velocity, water use, fruit standing time and cleaning efficiency. Standing time was measured correlating to fruit diameter (CEAGESP). For measuring cleaning efficiency an equipment was developed that was mainly composed of a ring involved with white cloth. Samples were taken before and after the cleaning step and evaluated using a colorimeter HUNTER Lab. The results showed a strong difference between the two equipments. The imported equipment showed lower number on brushes and rotation than national one, however a higher water consumption. For imported equipments this relation was not found. Both packing lines showed the same cleaning efficiency. Cleaning efficiency is related to be an interaction among the studies parameters, and it could be necessary a better management than the one used on both equipments.

Plasticidade neural: relações com o comportamento e abordagens experimentais

Behavioral adaptiveness to different situations as well as behavioral individuality result from the interrelations between environmental sitmuli and the responses of an organism.These kind of interrelationships also shape the neural circuits as well as characterize the plasticity and the neural individuality of the organism. Studies on neural plasticity may analyze changes in neural circuitry after environmental manipulations or changes in behavior after lesions in the nervous system. Issues on neural plasticity and recovery of function refer both to physiology and behavior as well as to the subjacent mechanisms related to morphology, biochemistry and genetics. They may be approached at the systemic, behavioral, cellular and molecular levels. This work intends to characterize these kinds of studies pointing to their relations with the analyis of behavior and learning.The analysis of how the environmental-organismic interrelationships affect the neural substrates of behavior is pointed as a very stimulating area for investigation.

Protocolos de investigação de variáveis psicológicas na epilepsia infantil

Epilepsy is a common chronic condition in the childhood and its diagnosis reveals psychological, social and family difficulties, that seem to be related with beliefs and quality of parents-children interaction. The purpose of this paper is to schematize investigation strategies for the psychological variables: beliefs, impact of the disease, family relationship, identification of changes. Based upon collected reports of epileptic children's parents and upon surveyed aspects of the literature, psychological questionnaires were elaborated to identify important variables that affect the child's epilepsy life and his family. The use of more appropriate investigation procedures facilitates the psychological evaluation and ensures the collection of data.

Tradução e corpo

The present paper brings about a possible articulation between translation and body from a non-sublimated, pragmatic perspective on meaning, as suggested by Wittgenstein in his Philosophical Investigations. By considering theoretical elaborations within embodied realism and elsewhere on the role of the body in cognitive processes, together with a critique of the concept of translation somatics, as proposed by Douglas Robinson (1991), the paper highlights the situated and social character of the translator's body.

Metformina interage com o treinamento físico diminuindo a glicemia e aumentando o armazenamento de glicogênio em ratos diabéticos

INTRODUCTION: Like in humans, lower amounts of glycogen are present in tissues of diabetic rats. However, training or drugs that lower glycemia can improve the metabolic control. Metformin increased glycogen while decreased glycemia in normal rats stressed by exercise. OBJECTIVE: In this work we investigated if regular exercise and metformin effects improve the metabolism of diabetic rats. METHODS: Alloxan diabetic Wistar rats treated with metformin (DTM) or not (DT) were trained. Training consisted of 20 sessions of 30 min, 5 days a week. Sedentary diabetic rats served as control (SD and SDM). Metformin (5.6 µg/g) was given in the drinking water. After 48 h resting, glucose (mg/dl) and insulin (ng/mL) was measured in plasma and glycogen (mg/100 mg of wet tissue) in liver, soleus and gastrocnemius. RESULTS: Glycemia decreased in DM group from 435±15 to 230±20, in DT group to 143±8.1 and in DTM group to 138±19 mg/dl. DM group had proportional increase in the hepatic glycogen from 1.69±0.22 to 3.53±0.24, and the training increased to 3.36 ± 0.16 mg/100 mg. Metformin induced the same proportional increase in the muscles (soleus from 0.21±0.008 to 0.42±0.03 and gastrocnemius from 0.33±0.02 to 0.46±0.03), while the training promoted increase on gastrocnemius to 0,53 ± 0,03, only. A high interaction was observed in liver (glycogen increased to 6.48±0.34). CONCLUSION: Very small oral doses of metformin and/or, partially restored glycemia in diabetic rats and decreased glycogen in tissues. Its association with an exercise program was beneficial, helping lower glycemia further and increase glycogen stores on liver of diabetic rats.