997 resultados para MESTRADO EM SISTEMAS DE COMUNICA


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Universities are institutions that generate and manipulate large amounts of data as a result of the multiple functions they perform, of the amount of involved professionals and students they attend. Information gathered from these data is used, for example, for operational activities and to support decision-making by managers. To assist managers in accomplishing their tasks, the Information Systems (IS) are presented as tools that offer features aiming to improve the performance of its users, assist with routine tasks and provide support to decision-making. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the influence of the users features and of the task in the success of IS. The study is of a descriptive-exploratory nature, therefore, the constructs used to define the conceptual model of the research are known and previously validated. However, individual features of users and of the task are IS success antecedents. In order to test the influence of these antecedents, it was developed a decision support IS that uses the Multicriteria Decision Aid Constructivist (MCDA-C) methodology with the participation and involvement of users. The sample consisted of managers and former managers of UTFPR Campus Pato Branco who work or have worked in teaching activities, research, extension and management. For data collection an experiment was conducted in the computer lab of the Campus Pato Branco in order to verify the hypotheses of the research. The experiment consisted of performing a distribution task of teaching positions between the academic departments using the IS developed. The task involved decision-making related to management activities. The data that fed the system used were real, from the Campus itself. A questionnaire was answered by the participants of the experiment in order to obtain data to verify the research hypotheses. The results obtained from the data analysis partially confirmed the influence of the individual features in IS success and fully confirmed the influence of task features. The data collected failed to support significant ratio between the individual features and the individual impact. For many of the participants the first contact with the IS was during the experiment, which indicates the lack of experience with the system. Regarding the success of IS, the data revealed that there is no significance in the relationship between Information Quality (IQ) and Individual Impact (II). It is noteworthy that the IS used in the experiment is to support decision-making and the information provided by this system are strictly quantitative, which may have caused some conflict in the analysis of the criteria involved in the decision-making process. This is because the criteria of teaching, research, extension and management are interconnected such that one reflects on another. Thus, the opinion of the managers does not depend exclusively on quantitative data, but also of knowledge and value judgment that each manager has about the problem to be solved.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança

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As tecnologias de saúde, nomeadamente medicamentos, dispositivos médicos (DM), procedimentos médicos ou cirúrgicos, entre outros, têm ocupado uma posição de destaque no setor da saúde, e na vida dos seus utilizadores. A inovação e utilização de tecnologias de saúde, e consequente aumento das despesas fizeram emergir a necessidade de avaliação das tecnologias de saúde. Surge assim, a avaliação de tecnologias de saúde (ATS), que tem por objetivo abordar os impactos clínicos, económicos, organizacionais, sociais, legais e éticos de uma tecnologia de saúde, considerando o seu contexto médico específico, bem como as alternativas disponíveis. A ATS pretende que os processos sejam feitos de forma rigorosa, transparente, valorizando e garantindo a sustentabilidade do acesso aos cuidados em saúde. Seguindo a tendência europeia de implementação de políticas e modelos de ATS, Portugal criou o seu próprio sistema de avaliação de tecnologias. O Decreto-Lei nº 97/2015, de 1 de junho veio oficializar a criação do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação de Tecnologias de Saúde (SiNATS). O SiNATS vai permitir uma avaliação não só de medicamentos, mas também de DM e outras tecnologias tendo em consideração a avaliação técnica, terapêutica e económica das tecnologias de saúde com base em fatores sociais, políticos, éticos e a participação de entidades, como, a indústria, as instituições de ensino, as instituições de saúde, os investigadores, os profissionais de saúde, os doentes e as associações dos doentes. O SiNATS vai emitir recomendações e decisões sobre o uso das tecnologias de saúde e possibilitar o ganho em saúde e contribuir para a sustentabilidade do Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS). O SiNATS vem permitir a avaliação de DM. O sector dos DM é um sector caracterizado pela inovação, crescimento e também competitividade. A complexidade e especificidade deste sector devem por isso ser tidas em consideração aquando da sua análise. A implementação do SiNATS permitirá avaliar e reavaliar preços, comparticipações, recomendações, contratos ao longo do ciclo de vida de cada DM. No presente momento, ainda é difícil expor os processos através dos quais esta avaliação vai ser processada, uma vez que se aguarda a publicação de despachos e portarias referidos no Decreto-Lei nº 97/2015, de 1 de junho. Tendo em consideração a partilha de informação sobre políticas, métodos, procedimentos de ATS aplicada aos DM na Europa, foram analisados os casos de França e do Reino Unido com o objetivo de alargar o conhecimento acerca do que já é feito a nível Europeu e explorar se os mesmos poderiam ser adaptados à realidade portuguesa. Em França, a ATS está diretamente relacionada com a comparticipação de DM, já no Reino Unido, o National Institute and Centre of Excellence (NICE) tem a responsabilidade de avaliar os DM segundo procedimentos de ATS, mas não está diretamente relacionado com comparticipação. O NICE publica normas de orientação que auxiliam a decisão de aquisição ou não de um DM. Tendo em consideração a informação reunida e descrita, este trabalho também propõe um modelo hipotético sobre o sistema português de avaliação de DM. Este modelo aborda, ainda que não de forma exaustiva, os possíveis processos e procedimentos para a avaliação de DM. Este sistema caracteriza-se pela importância dada ao envolvimento dos stakeholders e partilha de informação com os mesmos, mas também na agilização dos processos, isto é, uma redução e simplificação dos processos de avaliação de DM. A reavaliação de DM durante a sua comercialização também ganha destaque, apontando que cada grupo genérico de dispositivos ou DM inovador dever ser reavaliado a cada cinco anos, ou sempre que informação emergente o justifique. Este modelo representa uma abordagem experimental sobre o futuro do SiNATS aplicado aos DM. A partilha de informação, os fóruns de discussão e o envolvimento da sociedade serão uma mais-valia para que a implementação do SiNATS aos DM seja feita de forma gradual e com a máxima transparência possível.

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Em Portugal o “Sistema Nacional de Sangue” subsiste com base numa cadeia de abastecimento de sangue assente em dádivas provenientes 100% de Dadores Voluntários não Remunerados, com um serviço nacional de sangue de base exclusivamente pública. O seu modelo organizacional assenta numa estrutura de âmbito nacional com funções de regulação, fiscalização, produção e distribuição de sangue e componentes sanguíneos às organizações de saúde públicas e privadas. Em complemento a esta rede de abastecimento existem ainda outras fontes de abastecimento, como os hospitais licenciados e outras instituições, que também procedem a todas as actividades de colheita, processamento e validação para uso final de componentes sanguíneos. Nestas situações a produção de componentes sanguíneos é realizada numa perspectiva de auto-suficiência, local ou regional, um dos princípios fundamentais de todos os serviços nacionais de sangue. Esta dissertação pretende contribuir para o conhecimento do sistema de abastecimento e consumo de sangue, aproveitando para colocar algumas questões em relação ao pode significar a gestão eficiente e eficaz da cadeia de abastecimento de sangue. A gestão eficaz da cadeia de abastecimento passa pelo conhecimento profundo da sua população de dadores, saber quem são, o que os move, quais os seus comportamentos perante a dádiva. Só assim é possível intervir eficazmente e adequar as estratégias mais eficazes à sua motivação e fidelização dádiva regular. Assim, foi efectuado um caso de estudo relativo à população de dadores do Serviço de ImunoHemoterapia do Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia- Espinho (CHVNG- Espinho), por forma a procurar oportunidades de melhoria nas estratégias de angariação de dadores e promoção da dádiva de sangue, acrescentando valor ao serviço e ao CHVNG-Espinho.

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Since centuries ago, the Asians use seaweed as an important source of feeding and are their greatest world-wide consumers. The migration of these peoples for other countries, made the demand for seaweed to increase. This increasing demand prompted an industry with annual values of around US$ 6 billion. The algal biomass used for the industry is collected in natural reservoirs or cultivated. The market necessity for products of the seaweed base promotes an unsustainable exploration of the natural banks, compromising its associated biological balance. In this context, seaweed culture appears as a viable alternative to prevent the depletion of these natural supplies. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide space and produce information that can facilitate the evaluation of important physical and socio-economic characteristics for the planning of seaweed culture. This objective of this study is to identify potential coastal areas for seaweed culture in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from the integration of social-environmental data in the SIG. In order to achieve this objective, a geo-referred database composed of geographical maps, nautical maps and orbital digital images was assembled; and a bank of attributes including physical and oceanographical variables (winds, chains, bathymetry, operational distance from the culture) and social and environmental factors (main income, experience with seaweed harvesting, demographic density, proximity of the sheltered coast and distance of the banks) was produced. In the modeling of the data, the integration of the space database with the bank of attributes for the attainment of the map of potentiality of seaweed culture was carried out. Of a total of 2,011 ha analyzed by the GIS for the culture of seaweed, around 34% or 682 ha were indicated as high potential, 55% or 1,101 ha as medium potential, and 11% or 228 ha as low potential. The good indices of potentiality obtained in the localities studied demonstrate that there are adequate conditions for the installation of seaweed culture in the state of Rio Grande do Norte

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança

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This work proposes to adjust the Notification Oriented Paradigm (NOP) so that it provides support to fuzzy concepts. NOP is inspired by elements of imperative and declarative paradigms, seeking to solve some of the drawbacks of both. By decomposing an application into a network of smaller computational entities that are executed only when necessary, NOP eliminates the need to perform unnecessary computations and helps to achieve better logical-causal uncoupling, facilitating code reuse and application distribution over multiple processors or machines. In addition, NOP allows to express the logical-causal knowledge at a high level of abstraction, through rules in IF-THEN format. Fuzzy systems, in turn, perform logical inferences on causal knowledge bases (IF-THEN rules) that can deal with problems involving uncertainty. Since PON uses IF-THEN rules in an alternative way, reducing redundant evaluations and providing better decoupling, this research has been carried out to identify, propose and evaluate the necessary changes to be made on NOP allowing to be used in the development of fuzzy systems. After that, two fully usable materializations were created: a C++ framework, and a complete programming language (LingPONFuzzy) that provide support to fuzzy inference systems. From there study cases have been created and several tests cases were conducted, in order to validate the proposed solution. The test results have shown a significant reduction in the number of rules evaluated in comparison to a fuzzy system developed using conventional tools (frameworks), which could represent an improvement in performance of the applications.

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The Information Technology (IT) is increasing his applicability to business, both private and public companies. It is necessary the adequate use of the new technologies and get cooperation and technology acceptance of the system. People tend to resist to the changes, contributing so that the technology is rejected or even it is not recognized as promoting of the changes. This study is relevant and aim to evaluate the impacts of new technologies, considering their users as fundamental factors in the change process. The survey analyzed the advantages and the barriers of the system use in three federal special judicial of Rio Grande do Norte, with data collected in May of 2007, through the application of questionnaires to thirty eight users of the virtual system CRETA. The users' perception was evaluated, under the optics of five variables: efficiency, image, agility, ease of use and quality. Starting from the obtained results, it was evidenced that the implementation of the system felt accordingly the expected and it reached the objectives intended that were: the velocity and efficiency in the path of the lawsuits, larger productivity, resulting in a better quality of the final work introduced to the citizen and proportionate an improvement in the organizational image of the judiciary power

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A presente dissertação foi elaborada no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica (MEE) no Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), em regime empresarial, na empresa PH Energia Lda. Tem-se verificado que, ao longo dos últimos anos, os mercados estão cada vez mais competitivos, tornando-se quase imperativo que as empresas apostem numa boa otimização dos processos produtivos. Produzir cada vez mais, mais rapidamente e com menos recursos disponíveis, ou seja, de forma eficiente, são os desafios de todas as empresas que pretendem permanecer no mercado. Neste contexto surge o tema de tese, “Gestão nos Serviços com Sistemas de Monitorização e Implementação do Smart Pricing”, cujo objetivo tem como base principal a otimização das plataformas da PH Energia numa cultura de melhoria contínua e orientação para o cliente e promover aplicação da tarifa indexada e Smart Pricing em empresas de maneira a que exista uma maior poupança. Ao longo desta dissertação, foram desenvolvidos cálculos associados à monitorização e gestão nos serviços, bem como demonstrada a viabilidade dos mesmos na aplicação de tarifasindexadas e Smart Pricing no setor empresarial e, para finalizar, a compensação que é possível obter ao deslocar o diagrama de cargas, mantendo sempre o mesmo consumo. Na elaboração deste trabalho fez-se o cruzamento de duas plataformas informáticas designadas GesEnergy e Kisense, com ajuda da empresa VPS que tem como parceria a empresa Energia Simples. Em relação ao plano indexado, foram realizados dois estudos de dois balcões do Banco Popular de Portugal de forma a explicitar quando e como deve ser aplicada a tarifa indexada, gestão da procura, bem como deve ser deslocação do consumo, de forma a abranger as horas mais vantajosas em que o preço de energia elétrica é mais baixo.

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The system in-Ceram Alumina, produced by VITA, consists in a technique of prepare of a substructure of ceramics to dental crowns. First burning is made in the alumina decanted by slip casting process under a stone die that reproduces the tooth prepared to receive a crown. In a second burning, alumina is infiltrated by vitreous system, giving to this set a high mechanic resistance. In this work, it s made a study of the composition of a new infiltrating material more used nowadays, giving to alumina desirable mechanics proprieties to its using like substructure of support to ceramic s crown used in the market today. The addition of Lanthanum oxide (frit A) and calcium oxide (frit B) was made in attempt to increase the viscosity of LZSA and to reduce fusion temperature. The frits were put over samples of alumina and took to the tubular oven to 1400ºC under vacuum for two groups (groups 1 and 2). For another two groups (groups 3 and 4) it was made a second infiltration, following the same parameters of the first. A fifth group was utilized like group of control where the samples of pure alumina were not submitted to any infiltrating process. Glasses manifested efficient both in quality and results of analysis of mechanic resistance, being perfectly compatible with oral environment in this technical requisite. The groups that made a second infiltration had he best results of fracture toughness, qualify the use in the oral cavity in this technical question. The average of results achieved for mechanic resistance to groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were respectively 98 MPa, 90 MPa, 144 MPa, 236 MPa and 23 MPa

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This work aims to analyze risks related to information technology (IT) in procedures related to data migration. This is done considering ALEPH, Integrated Libray System (ILS) that migrated data to the Library Module present in the software called Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Atividades Acadêmicas (SIGAA) at the Zila Mamede Central Library at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal/Brazil. The methodological procedure used was of a qualitative exploratory research with the realization of case study at the referred library in order to better understand this phenomenon. Data collection was able once there was use of a semi-structured interview that was applied with (11) subjects that are employed at the library as well as in the Technology Superintendence at UFRN. In order to examine data Content analysis as well as thematic review process was performed. After data migration the results of the interview were then linked to both analysis units and their system register with category correspondence. The main risks detected were: data destruction; data loss; data bank communication failure; user response delay; data inconsistency and duplicity. These elements point out implication and generate disorders that affect external and internal system users and lead to stress, work duplicity and hassles. Thus, some measures were taken related to risk management such as adequate planning, central management support, and pilot test simulations. For the advantages it has reduced of: risk, occurrence of problems and possible unforeseen costs, and allows achieving organizational objectives, among other. It is inferred therefore that the risks present in data bank conversion in libraries exist and some are predictable, however, it is seen that librarians do not know or ignore and are not very worried in the identification risks in data bank conversion, their acknowledge would minimize or even extinguish them. Another important aspect to consider is the existence of few empirical research that deal specifically with this subject and thus presenting the new of new approaches in order to promote better understanding of the matter in the corporate environment of the information units

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia Ambiental e Recursos Hídricos, 2015.

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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

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The partial fixed prosthodontics restoration is used to rehabilitate form and function of partial or total compromised teeth, having to remain permanently joined to remainder tooth. The most useful material on prosthodontics is the feldspar porcelain, commercialized as aluminosilicate powders. Dental porcelains are presented with limited mechanical properties to rehabilitate extensive spaces. The association with Ni-Cr metallic systems (metal-ceramic system) allows that the metallic substructure compensates the fragile porcelain nature, preserving the thermal insulation and aesthetics desirable, as well as reducing the possibility of cracking during matication efforts. Cohesive flaws by low mechanical strength connect the metallic substructure to the oral environment, characterized by a electrolytic solution (saliva), by aggressive temperature, pH cyclic changes and mechanical requests. This process results on ionic liberation that could promote allergic or inflammatory responses, and/or clinical degradation of ceramometal system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of an intermediate titanium layer on the microscopic fracture behavior of porcelains on ceramometal systems. Plasma deposition of titanium films result in regular passivating oxide layers which act as barriers to protect the metallic substrate against the hazardous effects of corrosive saliva. Tribocorrosion tests were performed to simulate the oral environment and mechanical stress, making it possible the early detection of crack formation and growth on metal-ceramic systems, which estimate the adherence between the compounds of this system. Plain samples consisting of dental feldspar porcelain deposited either onto metallic substrates or titanium films were fired and characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that the titanium film improved the adherence of the system compared to conventional metal-ceramic interfaces, thus holding crack propagation

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015.