Evaluation of the improvements on pharmacy technicians' work practices after implementation of operational procedures

Several antineoplasic drugs have been demonstrated to be carcinogenic or to have mutagenic and teratogenic effects. The greatest protection is achieved with the implementation of administrative and engineering controls and safety procedures. Objective: to evaluate the improvements on pharmacy technicians' work practices, after the implementation of operational procedures related to individual protection, biologic safety cabinet disinfection and cytotoxic drug preparation. Method: case-study in a hospital pharmacy undergoing a certification process. Six pharmacy technicians were observed during their daily activities. Characterization of the work practices was made using a checklist based on ISOPP and PIC guidelines. The variables studied concerning cleaning/disinfection procedures, personal protective equipment and procedures for preparing cytotoxic drugs. The same work practices were evaluated after four months of operational procedures implementation. Concordance between work practices and guidelines was considered to be a quality indicator (guidelines concordance practices number/total number of practices x 100). Results: improvements were observed after operational procedures implementation. An improvement of 6,25% in personal protective equipment practice was achieved by changing second pair of gloves every thirty minutes. The major progress, 10%, was obtained in disinfection procedure, where 80% of tasks are now realized according to guidelines.By now, we hot an improvement of only 1% at drug preparation procedure by placing one cytotoxic drug at a time inside the biological safety cabinet. Then, 85% of practices are according to guidelines. Conclusion: before operational procedures implementation 80,3% of practices were according to the guidelines, while now is 84,4%. This indicates that is necessary to review the procedures frequently in the benefit to reduce the risks associated with handling cytotoxic drugs and maintenance of drug specifications.

Análise de risco em organizações: caso de estudo

Dissertação Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica no perfil de Manutenção e Produção

Handgrip strength

The basic function of the human hand is the manipulation and grasping of various objects in all daily activities, including work activities. This is greatly influenced by strength and manual dexterity. However age, gender and other contexts such as work or leisure activities could influence strength. Handgrip strength, a measure of maximum voluntary force of the hand, has proved to be reliable and valid as an objective parameter to evaluate the functional integrity of the hand as part of the musculoskeletal system. It correlates highly with strength in other muscular groups and is therefore considered as a good indicator of overall muscular strength and functional stress and could be used as a predictor of physical disability. Handgrip strength assessment is simple and reliable and used commonly by several investigators and health professionals, in different contexts (medical, nutritional, rehabilitation, professional settings, engineering, etc.) and with different purposes (research, diagnostic, assessment, etc.). In clinical and rehabilitation settings is of vital importance in the determination of effectiveness of several interventions and for monitoring evolution of diseases. Various ways (methods, techniques and equipments) of collecting information on grip strength have been reported. This chapter will review basic concepts on handgrip function, methodologies of assessment, contexts of application and correlates, such as physical activity, health or nutritional status. Several populations and reference values as also the relationships between handgrip and clinical status, aging, risk of disability and diseases, will be discussed.

O Balanced Scorecard como instrumento de gestão estratégica: sua implementação numa empresa de engenharia e construção

Mestrado em Contabilidade e Gestão das Instituições Financeiras

Direcção de obra – obras de arte auto-estrada Transmontana – área 3

Este relatório diz respeito ao trabalho desenvolvido em ambiente de estágio académico numa Empreitada compreendendo Obras de Arte Correntes e Obras de Arte Especiais inseridas em traçado actual do IP4 que está a ser transformado em Auto-Estrada. As Obras de Arte Correntes compreendem Passagens Superiores, Passagens Inferiores e Passagens superiores de Nó. As Obras de Arte Especiais compreendem duas Pontes com vãos distintos. Todas as Obras de Arte referidas neste relatório contemplam uma solução mista de betão armado “in situ” e tabuleiros com vigas e pré-lajes em betão pré-fabricado. Além da descrição de todas as actividades realizadas em betão armado “in situ”, desde as fundações até ao tabuleiro, descreve também a execução dos diversos tipos de trabalhos de acabamentos. Além das actividades de construção civil, é efectuada uma descrição das actividades a cujo processo de realização estão associados trabalhos de concepção e desenvolvimento, como é o caso dos cimbres. Este relatório faz uma descrição abrangente das funções da Direcção de Obra numa Empreitada de Obras de Arte, que para além da execução da obra, com todas as actividades que lhe são inerentes, compreende várias áreas funcionais que fazem parte de uma empresa de construção civil, como a área comercial, financeira, planeamento, aprovisionamento, controlo orçamental, gestão contratual, gestão de subempreitadas e gestão da qualidade, ambiente e segurança.