Detection of Flock Movement in Spatio-Temporal Database using Clustering Techniques - an Experience

In this paper, moving flock patterns are mined from spatio- temporal datasets by incorporating a clustering algorithm. A flock is defined as the set of data that move together for a certain continuous amount of time. Finding out moving flock patterns using clustering algorithms is a potential method to find out frequent patterns of movement in large trajectory datasets. In this approach, SPatial clusteRing algoRithm thrOugh sWarm intelligence (SPARROW) is the clustering algorithm used. The advantage of using SPARROW algorithm is that it can effectively discover clusters of widely varying sizes and shapes from large databases. Variations of the proposed method are addressed and also the experimental results show that the problem of scalability and duplicate pattern formation is addressed. This method also reduces the number of patterns produced

Temporal pattern of fish production in a microtidal tropical estuary in the south-west coast of India

The status of fisheries and seasonal variation in fish diversity in the Kodungallur-Azhikode Estuary (KAE) were investigated. Total annual average fish production in the estuary declined significantly to 908.6 t with average yield of 5.4 kg ha-1 day-1, when compared to earlier study; where 2747 t was reported. During the present study, 60 species of finfishes (belonging to 34 finfish families), 6 species of penaeid shrimps, 2 species of palaemonid prawns, 2 species of crabs (4 crustacean families), 6 species of bivalves and 2 species of edible oysters (3 molluscan families) were noticed. Finfishes were the major group that contributed 69.62% of total fishery in the estuary and crustaceans (23.47%), bivalves (6.84%) and oysters (0.07%) also formed good fishery. Many of the fish species in the estuary were observed as threatened (Horabagrus brachysoma, Channa striatus, Channa marulius, Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis and Wallago attu). The major fishing gears employed in the estuary were gillnets, cast nets, stake nets, scoop nets, ring nets, traps and Chinese dip nets. Gillnets contributed 45% of the total fish catch. Gillnets also showed highest catch per unit effort (CPUE) of 6.91 kg h -1 followed by cast nets (1.85 kg h -1), Chinese dip nets (3.20 kg h -1), stake nets (3.05 kg h -1), ring nets (1.27 kg h -1), hooks and lines (1.35 kg h -1) and scoop nets (0.92 kg h -1). The study implies that temporal changes in fish landing pattern of the KAE was mainly due to environmental variability, habitat modification and fish migration; under the influence of south-west monsoon and anthropogenic activities in the KAE. Results of the study suggest that spatio-temporal variations in the fish community structure could be an indicator for anthropogenic stress and it should be considered for restoration programmes.

Spatio-temporal variation of microphytoplankton in the upwelling system of the south-eastern Arabian Sea during the summer monsoon of 2009

The phytoplankton standing crop was assessed in detail along the South Eastern Arabian Sea (SEAS) during the different phases of coastal upwelling in 2009.During phase 1 intense upwelling was observed along the southern transects (8◦N and 8.5◦N). The maximum chlorophyll a concentration (22.7 mg m −3) was observed in the coastal waters off Thiruvananthapuram (8.5◦N). Further north there was no signature of upwelling, with extensive Trichodesmium erythraeum blooms. Diatoms dominated in these upwelling regions with the centric diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus being the dominant species along the 8◦N transect. Along the 8.5◦N transect pennate diatoms like Nitzschia seriata and Pseudo-nitzschia sp. dominated. During phase 2, upwelling of varying intensity was observed throughout the study area with maximum chlorophyll a concentrations along the 9◦N transect (25 mg m−3) with Chaetoceros curvisetus as the dominant phytoplankton. Along the 8.5◦N transect pennate diatoms during phase 1 were replaced by centric diatoms like Chaetoceros sp. The presence of solitary pennate diatoms Amphora sp. and Navicula sp. were significant in the waters off Kochi. Upwelling was waning during phase 3 and was confined to the coastal waters of the southern transects with the highest chlorophyll a concentration of 11.2 mg m−3. Along with diatoms, dinoflagellate cell densities increased in phases 2 and 3. In the northern transects (9◦N and 10◦N) the proportion of dinoflagellates was comparatively higher and was represented mainly by Protoperidinium spp., Ceratium spp. and Dinophysis spp.

Spatio-temporal resolution studies on a highly compact ultrafast electron diffractometer

Time-resolved diffraction with femtosecond electron pulses has become a promising technique to directly provide insights into photo induced primary dynamics at the atomic level in molecules and solids. Ultrashort pulse duration as well as extensive spatial coherence are desired, however, space charge effects complicate the bunching of multiple electrons in a single pulse.Weexperimentally investigate the interplay between spatial and temporal aspects of resolution limits in ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) on our highly compact transmission electron diffractometer. To that end, the initial source size and charge density of electron bunches are systematically manipulated and the resulting bunch properties at the sample position are fully characterized in terms of lateral coherence, temporal width and diffracted intensity.Weobtain a so far not reported measured overall temporal resolution of 130 fs (full width at half maximum) corresponding to 60 fs (root mean square) and transversal coherence lengths up to 20 nm. Instrumental impacts on the effective signal yield in diffraction and electron pulse brightness are discussed as well. The performance of our compactUEDsetup at selected electron pulse conditions is finally demonstrated in a time-resolved study of lattice heating in multilayer graphene after optical excitation.

Estructuraci??n espacio-temporal de un aula espec??fica de autismo

Se presenta experiencia educativa que propone una intervenci??n con alumnado con trastornos del espectro autista para proporcionarles un ambiente estructurado. Los objetivos son: reducir problemas de conducta y situaciones de ansiedad; ayudar a aprender mejor priorizando el canal visual sobre el auditivo; favorecer ser independientes; generalizar los nuevos aprendizajes; fomentar que el alumnado est?? tranquilo; ayudar a entender situaciones y expectativas.

Explorations of the Practical Issues of Learning Prediction-Control Tasks Using Temporal Difference Learning Methods

There has been recent interest in using temporal difference learning methods to attack problems of prediction and control. While these algorithms have been brought to bear on many problems, they remain poorly understood. It is the purpose of this thesis to further explore these algorithms, presenting a framework for viewing them and raising a number of practical issues and exploring those issues in the context of several case studies. This includes applying the TD(lambda) algorithm to: 1) learning to play tic-tac-toe from the outcome of self-play and of play against a perfectly-playing opponent and 2) learning simple one-dimensional segmentation tasks.

Safe Distributed Coordination of Heterogeneous Robots through Dynamic Simple Temporal Networks

Research on autonomous intelligent systems has focused on how robots can robustly carry out missions in uncertain and harsh environments with very little or no human intervention. Robotic execution languages such as RAPs, ESL, and TDL improve robustness by managing functionally redundant procedures for achieving goals. The model-based programming approach extends this by guaranteeing correctness of execution through pre-planning of non-deterministic timed threads of activities. Executing model-based programs effectively on distributed autonomous platforms requires distributing this pre-planning process. This thesis presents a distributed planner for modelbased programs whose planning and execution is distributed among agents with widely varying levels of processor power and memory resources. We make two key contributions. First, we reformulate a model-based program, which describes cooperative activities, into a hierarchical dynamic simple temporal network. This enables efficient distributed coordination of robots and supports deployment on heterogeneous robots. Second, we introduce a distributed temporal planner, called DTP, which solves hierarchical dynamic simple temporal networks with the assistance of the distributed Bellman-Ford shortest path algorithm. The implementation of DTP has been demonstrated successfully on a wide range of randomly generated examples and on a pursuer-evader challenge problem in simulation.

Generative Temporal Planning with Complex Processes

Autonomous vehicles are increasingly being used in mission-critical applications, and robust methods are needed for controlling these inherently unreliable and complex systems. This thesis advocates the use of model-based programming, which allows mission designers to program autonomous missions at the level of a coach or wing commander. To support such a system, this thesis presents the Spock generative planner. To generate plans, Spock must be able to piece together vehicle commands and team tactics that have a complex behavior represented by concurrent processes. This is in contrast to traditional planners, whose operators represent simple atomic or durative actions. Spock represents operators using the RMPL language, which describes behaviors using parallel and sequential compositions of state and activity episodes. RMPL is useful for controlling mobile autonomous missions because it allows mission designers to quickly encode expressive activity models using object-oriented design methods and an intuitive set of activity combinators. Spock also is significant in that it uniformly represents operators and plan-space processes in terms of Temporal Plan Networks, which support temporal flexibility for robust plan execution. Finally, Spock is implemented as a forward progression optimal planner that walks monotonically forward through plan processes, closing any open conditions and resolving any conflicts. This thesis describes the Spock algorithm in detail, along with example problems and test results.

Reasoning about Temporal Context using Ontology and Abductive Constraint Logic Programming

The underlying assumptions for interpreting the meaning of data often change over time, which further complicates the problem of semantic heterogeneities among autonomous data sources. As an extension to the COntext INterchange (COIN) framework, this paper introduces the notion of temporal context as a formalization of the problem. We represent temporal context as a multi-valued method in F-Logic; however, only one value is valid at any point in time, the determination of which is constrained by temporal relations. This representation is then mapped to an abductive constraint logic programming framework with temporal relations being treated as constraints. A mediation engine that implements the framework automatically detects and reconciles semantic differences at different times. We articulate that this extended COIN framework is suitable for reasoning on the Semantic Web.

Reasoning about Temporal Context using Ontology and Abductive Constraint Logic Programming

The underlying assumptions for interpreting the meaning of data often change over time, which further complicates the problem of semantic heterogeneities among autonomous data sources. As an extension to the COntext INterchange (COIN) framework, this paper introduces the notion of temporal context as a formalization of the problem. We represent temporal context as a multi-valued method in F-Logic; however, only one value is valid at any point in time, the determination of which is constrained by temporal relations. This representation is then mapped to an abductive constraint logic programming framework with temporal relations being treated as constraints. A mediation engine that implements the framework automatically detects and reconciles semantic differences at different times. We articulate that this extended COIN framework is suitable for reasoning on the Semantic Web.

Reasoning about Temporal Context using Ontology and Abductive Constraint Logic Programming

The underlying assumptions for interpreting the meaning of data often change over time, which further complicates the problem of semantic heterogeneities among autonomous data sources. As an extension to the COntext INterchange (COIN) framework, this paper introduces the notion of temporal context as a formalization of the problem. We represent temporal context as a multi-valued method in F-Logic; however, only one value is valid at any point in time, the determination of which is constrained by temporal relations. This representation is then mapped to an abductive constraint logic programming framework with temporal relations being treated as constraints. A mediation engine that implements the framework automatically detects and reconciles semantic differences at different times. We articulate that this extended COIN framework is suitable for reasoning on the Semantic Web.

Reasoning about Temporal Context using Ontology and Abductive Constraint Logic Programming

The underlying assumptions for interpreting the meaning of data often change over time, which further complicates the problem of semantic heterogeneities among autonomous data sources. As an extension to the COntext INterchange (COIN) framework, this paper introduces the notion of temporal context as a formalization of the problem. We represent temporal context as a multi-valued method in F-Logic; however, only one value is valid at any point in time, the determination of which is constrained by temporal relations. This representation is then mapped to an abductive constraint logic programming framework with temporal relations being treated as constraints. A mediation engine that implements the framework automatically detects and reconciles semantic differences at different times. We articulate that this extended COIN framework is suitable for reasoning on the Semantic Web.

La educación en Asturias.

Realizar una estadística exahustiva de los centros existentes, que lleven a la elaboración de un 'mapa escolar', en el que se exponga la oferta educativa y aporte información descriptiva y el diagnóstico de la situación escolar. Analizar la situación de la educación en Asturias. Además de una breve introducción histórica sobre la educación en la región asturiana, y una exposición de las competencias del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia y las del Principado de Asturias, se tratan los siguientes aspectos:. 1) La enseñanza primaria: Educación Preescolar, evolución de la misma y distribución espacial. Educación General Básica, evolución temporal, distribución espacial, número de alumnos por unidad. 2) La enseñanza del bable en la EGB: centros alumnos, profesorado, etc. 3) Enseñanzas medias: el Bachillerato, expansión, evolución y aspectos cualitativos. Formación Profesional, evolución del número de centros y de alumnos, etc.. La mayor parte de los datos han sido obtenidos del mapa escolar de 1984-85 editado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. Por lo que respecta a los datos de escolarización por edades y niveles y los del transporte escolar proceden del Centro Informático de la Delegación provincial del MEC. Los datos sobre la enseñanza del bable fueron elaborados por la Dirección de Política Lingüística de la Consejería de Cultura. Para la descripción de los distintos aspectos que se han expuesto, fueron utilizados fundamentalmente frecuencias y porcentajes, además de gráficos y diagramas para la representación. En la parte final del trabajo fundamente estadística y en ella se aportan los resúmenes de escolarización por municipios, la lista de centros también por municipios y por último se presentan los mapas de cada uno de ellos. Por tratarse de un trabajo orientado a ofrecer un material de referencia útil para los investigadores en materia educativa, no puede hablarse propiamente de resultados. Se apunta la posibilidad de llevar a cabo, un 'mapa escolar dinámico' en el que se anticipe la demanda futura. Para ello hay que conocer la población desagregada por años de edad y las tendencias de evolución futura, además de datos demográficos detallados para áreas reducidas. Por lo que señalan que el padrón municipal que se realizará en 1986, puede ser la fuente de datos necesaria para esta nueva investigación.

Necesidades de orientación académica y profesional e inserción laboral de los Licenciados en Pedagogía de la Universidad de Oviedo.

a) Buscar e identificar la documentación existente sobre Orientación Académica Profesional en la Universidad, analizarla detalladamente y establecer las bases teóricas de la investigación; b) Evaluar las necesidades de Orientación Académica y Profesional de los Licenciados en Pedagogía de la Universidad de Oviedo (2000-2003); c) Describir la realidad laboral de los Licenciados en Pedagogía de esta institución; d) Proponer a la Universidad de Oviedo posibles medidas de mejora en la formación y orientación de los Licenciados en Pedagogía y sus procesos de inserción laboral. 172 personas que durante el periodo 2000/2003 han finalizado sus estudios de Pedagogía. Esta cifra constituye un 64 por ciento de la población de referencia , siendo 163 mujeres y 9 hombres. De acuerdo con los objetivos planteados, las fases del estudio son: a) Análisis de la documentación existente sobre Orientación Académica/Profesional en la Universidad; b) Fase analítica y descriptiva en donde se evalúa la necesidad de este tipo de orientación y se describe la realidad laboral del Pedagogo/a; y c) Fase evaluativa en dónde se proponen posibles medidas para mejorar la formación y orientación de los licenciados en Pedagogía. El instrumento utilizado en la recogida de información fue un cuestionario estructurado basado en la revisión de varios cuestionarios relacionados con el tema de estudio. Este instrumento se compone de cuatro dimensiones relativas a la identificación del cuestionario, acceso a Pedagogía y formación recibida, orientación académica/profesional e insercción laboral, además de un apartado final que contiene las variables de identificación que permiten definir el perfil de los Licenciados en Pedagogía de la Universidad de Oviedo. Son un total de 59 ítems planteados como preguntas cerradas y semiabiertas. La codificación y análisis de los datos cuantitativos recogidos del cuestionario se realizó con el programa estadístico SPSS versión 10.0. Se realizan dos tipos de análisis: un análisis descriptivo que permite calcular la distribución de frecuencias y porcentajes de cada uno de los ítems, y un análisis relacional que permite comprobar la independencia o asociación entre variables. Conclusiones del análisis documental: a) La Orientación Profesional es una actividad inherente a la propia existencia humana; b) Los cambios que ha experimentado la Orientación Profesional son consecuencia de la evolución histórica y social; c) A partir de los años 30 comienza a establecerse la relación entre orientación y educación; d) La necesidad de orientación en los niveles de Educación Superior viene justificada por la evolución del propio sistema en las dos últimas décadas; e) La orientación en la Universidad es una necesidad, pero también es considerada como un indicador de calidad; f) En Estados Unidos y Europa la orientación universitaria tiene como característica común la heterogeneidad, al igual que en España; g) La orientación en la Universidad de Oviedo se realiza a través de dos servicios: el COIE y UNIVERSIT. Conclusiones más significativas derivadas del análisis del cuestionario: a) Los Licenciados en Pedagogía de la Universidad de Oviedo son mayoritariamente mujeres entre 20 y 25 años que residen en zonas urbanas; b) La mayor parte de los pedagogos (2000/2003) están trabajando, siendo el nivel de ingresos de los hombres superior al de las mujeres; c) La mayor parte accede a los estudios de Pedagogía a través de la selectividad siendo la nota media de 6,20. Además, solo un 31 por ciento eligieron Pedagogía en primera opción; d) La mayor parte de los encuestados emplearon 4 años en estudiar esta licenciatura siendo la nota media de 1,89; e) La mayoría de las personas no tienen otro título universitario pero si han realizado algún tipo de formación después de terminar Pedagogía; f) Un porcentaje importante ha recibido orientación una vez finalizados sus estudios universitarios, siendo esta sobre habilidades de búsqueda activa de empleo y sobre el mundo laboral; g) Poco más de la mitad de los licenciados en Pedagogía (2000/2003) están trabajando, casi todos, desarrollando su actividad en el sector servicios; h) La tipología de contrato más utilizado es el temporal, siendo los empleos a tiempo completo; i) La principal vía de acceso al empleo son las relaciones personales/contactos.

Valoración de una herramienta de apoyo a la orientación temporal en aulas de educación especial.

Seleccionado en la convocatoria: Concurso de proyectos de cooperación en materia de investigación entre departamentos universitarios y departamentos de Institutos de Educación Secundaria o equipos de personal docente, Gobierno de Aragón 2010-2011. Resumen basado en el del autor