Determination of ultra-trace rare-earth elements in human plasma by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS),a highly sensitive inorgnic analytic technique,fits to determine ultra-nace rare-earth elements in human plasma. Under the optimized conditions detection limits for 15 rare-earth elements are in the range of 0.7 (for Eu)-5.4 (for Gd) ng.L-1. Indium as an internal standard element is used to compensate for matrix suppression effect and sensitivity drift. Three kinds of preparation methods, diluted with 1% HNO3, digested with HNO3-H2O2 and with HNO3-HClO4, are checked and compared,and the former is the simplest way to be measured. The samples diluted with 1% HNO3, stored in 4 degrees C, are very steady for 16 days. With the method, 11 healthy plasma samples in Changchun area of China are analysed.

Studies on the nature of the macromolecular condensed state of "nascent" ultra high molar mass polyethylene

Ultra high molar mass polyethylene (UHPE) powder as polymerized in a slurry process has been studied, in its nascent state, after recrystallization on rapid cooling from the melt and after hot compression molding to a film, by DSC, effect of annealing the recrystallized specimen at 120 similar to 130 degreesC, morphology by polarizing optical microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering. Based on the experimental results obtained the macromolecular condensed state of the nascent UHPE powder is a rare case of a multi-chain condensed state of non-interpenetrating chains, involving interlaced extended chain crystalline layers and relaxed parallel chain amorphous layers. On melting, a nematic rubbery state of nanometer size domain resulted. The nematic-isotropic transition temperature was judged from literature data to be at least 220 degreesC, possibly higher than 300 degreesC, the exact temperature is however not sue because of chain degradation at such high temperatures. The recrystallization process from the melt is a crystallization from a nematic rubbery state. The drop of remelting peak temperature by 10 K of the specimen recrystallized from its melt as compared to the nascent state has its origin in the decrease both of the crystalline chain stem length and of the degree of crystallinity. The remelting peak temperature could be returned close to that of the nascent state by annealing at 120 similar to 130 degreesC.

Determination of rare-earth impurities in ultra-highly pure Er2O3 and Ho2O3 by [HEH(HEP)] extraction chromatography-atomic emission spectrometry

This article applied [HEH(HEP)] (2-ethyhexyldrogen-2-ethylhexyl phosphonate)extraction chromatography to separate 14 rare earth impurities from ultra-highly pure Er2O3 and Ho2O3, and then the impurities were determined by atomic emission spectrometry. The average percentage recovery for each element is in the range of 70%similar to 140%. The relative standard deviations of the determination are +/-3.3%similar to 2.2%. This method can be applied to the determination of the trace amounts of rare eath impurities in Er2O3 and Ho2O3 with a purity of 99.999 9%-99.999 99%.

Mechanical and structural characteristics of phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone) ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene blends

Mechanical and structural properties of blends of phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone) (PBS-C) with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were investigated using tensile and bending testing, scanning electron microscopy and transition electron microscopy. The incorporation of minor amounts of UHMWPE (2 wt.-%) into PES-C has a reinforcement effect. With higher concentrations of UHMWPE, the mechanical properties decrease gradually. Structural studies demonstrated that the blends are multiphasic in the whole composition range. The minor UHMWPE, dispersed uniformly and oriented along the flow direction, as well as the strong interfacial adhesion contribute to the increase of the mechanical performance of the blends. The domain size of the UHMWPE phase was found to increase with the increase of its concentration.

Effects of ultra-violet irradiation on sperm motility and diploid gynogenesis induction in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) undergoing cold shock

Large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea, exhibit sexually dimorphic growth, with females growing faster and reaching larger adult sizes than males. Thus, development of techniques for preferentially producing females is necessary to optimize production of these species. We have established a protocol to produce all-female croaker P. crocea through induction of meiotic gynogenesis with homologous sperm. The first set of experiments investigated the ultra-violet (UV) irradiation on sperm motility and duration of sperm activity to determine the optimal UV dosage for genetic inactivation of sperm, yet retaining adequate motility for activation of eggs. Milt from several males was diluted 1: 100 with Ringer's solution and UV irradiated with doses ranging from 0-150 J cm (-2). The results indicated that motility and duration of activity generally decreased with increased UV doses. At UV doses greater than 105 J cm(-2), after fertilization, motility was < 10% and fertilization rates were significantly lower. Highest hatching rate was obtained at 75 J cm -2. A second set of experiments was carried out to determine appropriate conditions of cold shock for retention of the 2nd polar body in P. crocea eggs after fertilization with UV-inactivated sperm by altering the timing, temperature and duration of shock. At 208 degrees C, shock applied at 3 min after fertilization resulted in higher survival rate of larvae at 6 h after hatching. Results of different combinations of three shock temperatures ( 28 degrees C, 38 degrees C or 48 degrees C) and five shock durations ( 4 min, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min or 20 min) at 3 min after fertilization demonstrated that shocks of 12 min gave highest production of diploid gynogens. Statistical analysis revealed that maximum production of diploid gynogens (44.55 +/- 2.99%) were obtained at 38 degrees C. The results of this study indicate that the use of UV-irradiated homologous sperm for activation of P. crocea eggs and cold shock for polar body retention is an effective method for producing gynogenetic offspring.

Characterization and thermodynamic study of ultra-fine particle of Ni-B amorphous alloy

Ultra-fine particle of Ni-B amorphous alloy was prepared by chemical reduction of Ni2+ with NaBH4 and characterized with TEM and XRD. The heat capacity and thermal stability were measured with a high-precision automatic adiabatic calorimeter and DTA. The upper limit of applied temperature of the substance was found to be 684 K for use as catalyst. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) como subsídio para a elaboração de planos de manejo em fazendas experimentais.

2008

Planejamento do número de árvores na composição de sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF).

2008

SISTEMAS silvipastoris como alternativas de desenvolvimento sustentável para regiões suscetíveis à degradação ambiental no sudoeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul.

2002

AVALIAÇÃO de procedências de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil) para plantios solteiros e em sistemas agroflorestais.

2002

INFLUÊNCIA de coberturas verdes de inverno e de sistemas de preparo do solo na produtividade da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St Hil.), em Ponta Grossa, PR.

2002

AVALIAÇÃO amostral de componente forrageiro em sistemas silvipastoris.

2004

Planejamento participativo para implementação de sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta.

2009

AVEP - AGROSILV: avaliação econômica e produtiva de sistemas agrosilvipastoris.

2010

Fixação de nitrogênio pela soja em sistemas de cultivo contínuo e rotacionado com pecuária nos Cerrados.

Quantificou-se a contribuição da fixação biológica de N2 (FBN) na cultura da soja em um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro, utilizando-se a técnica da abundância natural do isótopo 15N. Foram estudados cinco tratamentos: 1) soja de primeiro ano em solo cultivado por quatro anos com Brachiaria decumbens, sob pastejo, e preparado mecanicamente (arado, grade pesada e niveladora); 2) mesmas condições anteriores, mas com plantio direto da soja; 3) soja em cultivo contínuo por cinco anos, como cultura de verão, sem plantio de milheto no outono/ inverno, e solo preparado de forma convencional (arado, grade pesada e niveladora); 4) soja com cultivo contínuo por cinco anos, com cultivo de outono/inverno de milheto (Pennisetum atropurpureum) e preparo de solo conservacionista (arado de disco, aiveca e subsolador); 5) mesmas condições anteriores, mas com plantio direto. Amostras de plantas foram coletadas no estádio vegetativo, enchimento de grãos, na maturação, e na colheita final de grãos. Em cada coleta analisaram-se as produções de matéria seca (MS) e teores de N e 15N. As produções de MS e N total acumulado foram semelhantes no estádio vegetativo, mas as plantas no plantio direto mostraram taxas de FBN acima de 50%, enquanto que as de plantio convencional estavam abaixo de 40%. No enchimento de grãos, as produções de MS, N total e as taxas de FBN(entre 60% e 68%) foram semelhantes em todos os sistemas de preparo do solo. Na maturação dos grãos, o preparo de solo convencional resultou numa maior produção de MS do que no plantio direto. Os grãos apresentaram a maior parte do N fixado (66% a 82%), ficando entre 51% e 68% para a parte aérea e entre 15% e 32% para as raízes. No balanço do N total obtido por FBN e o que foi alocado aos grãos, obtiveram-se valores indicativos de que a maior parte do N fixado seria retirada do sistema na colheita de grãos, o que foi confirmado na colheita final. A soja de plantio direto mostrou um balanço ligeiramente mais positivo do que a soja de plantio convencional. Como a soja é pouco dependente do N do solo, usando eficientemente o N de fixação, este seria poupado como resíduo para uso de culturas subseqüentes, o que explicaria o efeito benéfico imediato observado na prática em sistemas produtivos de rotação de cultura entre soja e cereais ou pastagem. No entanto, os resultados obtidos indicam que a soja, que tem um índice de colheita alto (proporção do N total nos grãos em relação ao N total da planta), não contribui significativamente para aumento dos teores de N total do solo capazes de beneficiar por longo tempo as culturas em sucessão.