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UANL

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UANL

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UANL

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Rapport de recherche

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Département de linguistique et de traduction

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Reproduit avec l'autorisation de la Chambre des notaires du Québec

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UANL

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During tissue inflammation, infiltrated leukocytes may have physical contacts with fibroblasts. We observed that neutrophils and B lymphocytes adhered in a larger proportion than T cells on cultured fibroblasts. Microscopy showed that adhesion was also characterized by leukocyte engulfment by the fibroblasts. In migration assays, only neutrophils and B lymphocytes were selectively able to migrate through a fibroblast barrier. Adhesion and migration were increased by stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Antibodies against ICAM-1/beta2 integrin blocked the interaction of neutrophils to fibroblasts. For B lymphocytes the couple VCAM-1/alpha4 integrin was also involved in this interaction. Human skin fibroblasts presented similar adhesion characteristics as rat cardiac fibroblasts. By measuring the distance between the border of migration holes and cadherin-positive adherens junctions, more than 65% of the holes correspond to the transcellular route over the paracellular route. Furthermore, vimentin staining revealed that the migration holes were highly nested by intermediate filaments in accordance with the transcellular route. Our results demonstrated that engulfment of neutrophils and B lymphocytes by fibroblasts resulted in selective passage by a transcellular route.

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Plusieurs études se sont intéressées aux conséquences des comportements adoptés par les entraîneurs. Un comportement n’a cependant pas reçu l’attention méritée : la rétroaction négative. Pourtant, cette rétroaction est à la fois essentielle aux progrès et porteuse de conséquences négatives potentielles (Brewer, et al. 1991; Kluger & DeNisi, 1996). Le présent mémoire propose que la qualité de la rétroaction négative est déterminante dans les conséquences vécues par les athlètes. Une étude corrélationnelle a été menée auprès de 315 athlètes et 54 entraîneurs. Des analyses multiniveaux ont confirmé qu’une rétroaction négative de qualité doit soutenir l’autonomie des athlètes, et six caractéristiques définissant une telle rétroaction ont été identifiées. Il a aussi été démontré que la qualité de la rétroaction négative prédit l’expérience phénoménologique et les performances des athlètes au-delà de la quantité de rétroaction et du style interpersonnel de l’entraîneur. Les implications théoriques et pratiques de ces résultats sont discutées.

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The nature of the diperiodatocuprate(III) (DPC) species present in aqueous alkaline medium has been investigated by a kinetic and mechanistic study on the oxidation of iodide by DPC. The reaction kinetics were studied over the 1.0 ´ 10)3±0.1 mol dm)3 alkali range. The reaction order with respect to DPC, as well as iodide, was found to be unity when [DPC] [I)]. In the 1.0 ´ 10)3±1.0 ´ 10)2 mol dm)3 alkali region, the rate decreased with increase in the alkali concentration and a plot of the pseudo-®rst order rate constant, k versus 1/[OH)] was linear. Above 5.0 ´ 10)2 mol dm)3, a plot of k versus [OH)] was also linear with a non-zero intercept. An increase in ionic strength of the reaction mixtures showed no e ect on k at low alkali concentrations, whereas at high concentrations an increase in ionic strength leads to an increase in k. A plot of 1/k versus [periodate] was linear with an intercept in both alkali ranges. Iodine was found to accelerate the reaction at the three di erent alkali concentrations employed. The observed results indicated the following equilibria for DPC.