Conquistando mentes e corações. A luta contra o terrorismo e a comunicação estratégica no contexto da Nato

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação Área de Especialização em Comunicação Estratégica

Serological and parasitological study and report of the first case of human babesiosis in Colombia

A study on the presence of Babesia in humans was performed in Puerto Berrío (Latitude 6.50deg. Longitude: -74.38deg. River: Magdalena. Area: 74.410km², Colombia-South America). Indirect immunofluorescence, thin and thick blood smears were used to study 194 individuals. Patients were grouped according to their risk-factors for Babesia infection: (group 1) individuals with fever, chills, sweating and other malaria-type symptoms; (group 2) symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals from local cattle ranches, which were enrolled in an active form, and (group 3) workers from the local slaughterhouse. Seven individuals were serologically positive for Babesia: Three individuals presented IgM antibodies against B. bovis, while one had IgG against this species; one individual had IgM against B. bigemina, another had IgG and a third both IgM and IgG against this species. Only one individual was parasitologically positive for Babesiaand serologically positive for Babesia bovis (IgM 1:64)

Terrorismo - Consequências Económicas numa Análise Setorial

Este trabalho procura responder à questão “Quais as consequências provocadas pelo fenómeno terrorismo na economia dos Estados?”. Através de uma visão construtivista, descreve os potenciais setores económicos a serem afetados pelo terrorismo, analisando, e indicando os limites e a extensão dos danos por este provocados, distinguindo os setores económicos mais abrangidos, os que carecem de maior recuperação, e os que têm apresentado desenvolvimento positivo com o terrorismo. Expõe ainda os seus efeitos em economias mais fortes face aos efeitos em economias mais frágeis, distinguindo os Estados geográfica e governamentalmente mais afetados, e onde as consequências são maiores

O terrorismo e o impacto nos Direitos Humanos

Terrorism is at the center of speeches in contemporary societies. Terrorism has caused a great instability in Western society, but if before the Islamic fundamentalist terrorism was just a threat to the West, the Arab world of today suffers this same reality. Human rights conquered in the past, are being constantly violated and forgotten by the countries that make them flag of their ideals as the US, that this fight against terrorism already violated in every way those rights. Human rights are the fundamental pillars to be able to live in society and serve to protect the humanity of the atrocities that have been committed in the past with the great wars. Human rights are the fundamental pillars to be able to live in society and serve to protect the humanity of the atrocities that have been committed in the past with the great wars. Atrocities as torture, which is prohibited by several international documents and yet these inhumane practices continue to be used as a means of combating terrorism. Democracies are fragmented and the great challenge facing this century is finding means to contain the growth of these Islamic radicals, without jeopardizing the universally known human values.

Platelet profile is associated with clinical complications in patients with vivax and falciparum malaria in Colombia

Introduction Thrombocytopenia is a common complication in malaria patients. The relationship between abnormal platelet profile and clinical status in malaria patients is unclear. In low and unstable endemic regions where vivax malaria predominates, the hematologic profiles of malaria patients and their clinical utility are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterize the thrombograms of malaria patients from Colombia, where Plasmodium vivax infection is common, and to explore the relationship between thrombograms and clinical status. Methods Eight hundred sixty-two malaria patients were enrolled, including 533 (61.8%) patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum, 311 (36.1%) patients infected with Plasmodium vivax and 18 (2.1%) patients with mixed infections. Results The most frequently observed changes were low platelet count (PC) and high platelet distribution width (PDW), which were observed in 65% of patients; thrombocytopenia with <50,000 platelets/µL was identified in 11% of patients. Patients with complications had lower PC and plateletcrit (PT) and higher PDW values. A higher risk of thrombocytopenia was identified in patients with severe anemia, neurologic complications, pulmonary complications, liver dysfunction, renal impairment and severe hypoglycemia. The presence of thrombocytopenia (<150,000 platelets/µL) was associated with a higher probability of liver dysfunction. Conclusions Young age, longer duration of illness and higher parasitemia are associated with severe thrombocytopenia. Our study showed that thrombocytopenia is related to malaria complications, especially liver dysfunction. High PDW in patients with severe malaria may explain the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia that is common in this group of patients.

Dengue in Brazil and Colombia: a study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices

Introduction This study was conducted in Brazil and Colombia,where dengue is endemic and vector control programs use chemical insecticides. Methods We identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices about dengue and determined the infestation levels of Aedes aegypti in one Brazilian and four Colombian communities. Results The surveys show knowledge of the vector, but little knowledge about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Vector infestation indices show Brazil to have good relative control, while Colombia presents a high transmission risk. Conclusions Given the multidimensionality of dengue control, vertical control strategies are inadequate because they deny contextualized methods, alternative solutions, and local empowerment.

Cryptococcosis in Atlántico, Colombia: an approximation of the prevalence of this mycosis and the distribution of the etiological agent in the environment

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION:Cryptococcosis is an invasive disease acquired by inhalation of infectious propagules from the environment. Currently, compulsory notification of the spread of this disease is not required in Colombia. However, reporting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome cases to the National Surveillance System has suggested that there is a growing population at risk of contracting cryptococcosis. Few studies have described the occurrence of cryptococcosis in Colombia. Therefore, in this study, we examined the pathology of this disease in Atlántico, Colombia and determined the distributions of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii in the environment.METHODS:Clinical samples/isolates were gathered from cases of cryptococcosis previously diagnosed at health institutions in Atlántico, and surveys were completed by clinicians. The environmental study considered 32 sampling points and three tree species, i.e., Quickstick ( Gliricidia sepium ), Almond ( Terminalia catappa ), and Pink trumpet ( Tabebuia rosea ). Environmental and clinical samples/isolates were analyzed for phenotypic and genotypic confirmation.RESULTS:From 1997-2014, 41 cases of cryptococcosis were reported. The mean patient age was 40.5 years (range: 18-63 years); 76% were men, and 78% were HIV positive. Isolation was possible in 38 cases ( C. neoformans , molecular type VNI in 37 cases and C. gattii , molecular type VGI in one case). In 2012-2014, 2,068 environmental samples were analyzed with a positivity of 0.4% ( C. neoformans , molecular type VNI) in Almond and Pink trumpet trees.CONCLUSIONS:Cryptococcus neoformans , molecular type VNI had a higher prevalence than C. gattii and was associated with human exposure and the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis in this geographical region.

Terrorismo

This thesis’ goal is to study the relationship between the Islamic State and Al-Qaeda, notably the hypotheses that the Islamic State derives from Al-Qaeda. The topic to be developed in the following pages is based in reliable sources so that we can obtain the most accurate possible conclusions. In preparation of this report, several quotes were used in order to present correct settings and make logical deductions based on documents. It aims to be a modest contribution to a reflection on the theme, which is addressed in a very general way. Concepts of terrorism and Islamic fundamentalism are addressed in the thesis. Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the response to terrorism are presented, with the aim of understanding the degree of complexity underlying the Islamic State.

O espaço das informações no combate ao terrorismo

The management of terrorism presents an added importance because of the ignorance and uncertainty that this threat to peace launches in societies. From the globalization process has resulted a capacity of mobility and communication which allowed the spread of terrorism globally and hence the ability to be in the international agenda. Thus it became necessary a synergy between the main international organizations and states, in the common interest of managing terrorism to acceptable levels. This thesis aims to assess how much space is reserved for intelligence on combating terrorism. To this end, it carried out a literature review related to intelligence, security and terrorism, such as legislation and official documents, national and international. These allowed realize the strategies for combating terrorism of major international organizations and the Portuguese, the institutions that are in charge of fighting terrorism and related crimes, highlighting the intelligence institutions within the European Union and Portugal. Intelligence should enter on this panel by the need to meet the threat and its contours. On the one hand lies to understand the framework which establishes terrorism, tracing relevant scenarios to reduce uncertainty in decision-making and, on the other hand, also be responsible for disseminating information to other stakeholders on security, allowing its commands to use the means efficiently.

A segurança no terrorismo e na indústria dos eventos

Nowadays, safety and security regarding the tourism and events industries are a fundamental subject to society. Portugal’s tourism has significantly increased its number of visitors, whether due to the increasing number of cruisers docking in Lisbon, or due to visitors arriving by air, travelling the country from North to South and staying in the most varied accommodation units. Issues like human security and internal security of the different countries, even the security in the world, as development factors of a modern society, are discussed on a daily basis. On the contrary, few deal with tourism and major events security as being part of internal security, as well as the existing barriers tourism encounters to integrate the system for fighting terrorism. Although two distinct activities, they are complementary and may influence the country’s economy, provided that they can offer certainty to all actors involved. It is this substance that organised crime groups look for when planning terror acts. Therefore, as tourism can offer deception and shelter opportunities and events the theatre of a possible attack, those events assemble all the necessary conditions for an attack to achieve its goals.

Arte e terrorismo: meta-representações da Arte

Tendo como ponto de partida os estudos da performance para a análise do terrorismo, a presente dissertação teve como resultado a possibilidade de reflectir sobre tácticas de incorporação, reperformance e meta-teatro, três conceitos que permitem compreender de que forma a arte assimila e se compreende em relação com o terrorismo. Apresenta, por um lado, documentos oficiais que demonstram a existência de um conflito quanto à definição de terrorismo, reflectindo sobre “terrorismo de estado” e “contra-estado”. Por outro lado, a partir da análise dos Surveillence Camera Players e da performance Three Posters, ou de artistas como Hasan Elahy e Alyson Wyper, esta dissertação defende que a arte reperforma “táticas de representação” e realização mediática do terrorismo, nomeadamente, o teatro panóptico, a tortura como performance e os vídeo-testemunhos de mártires como retratos e vídeo-performances.

Guantánamo y el Imperio del Derecho en el Contexto Internacional

Desde el año 2001, uno de los casos más controvertidos de suspensión del derecho ha sido seguramente el que se observa en la prisión que los Estados Unidos han establecido en su base militar de Guantánamo. A pesar de las múltiples presiones y promesas de cerrar esta prisión, el gobierno norteamericano mantiene aún en ella a sujetos sospechados de terrorismo internacional. Si bien la Corte Suprema de Justicia de los Estados Unidos se ha pronunciado en diversas ocasiones alrededor de los derechos de los presos de Guantánamo, lamentablemente no se han logrado avances significativos hacia un mayor respeto de los derechos humanos de sus detenidos. Las previsibles violaciones del Derecho Internacional originadas a partir de la existencia de la prisión militar de Guantánamo y del tratamiento dispensado a las personas allí detenidas, especialmente las disposiciones vinculadas a la protección internacional de los Derechos Humanos, a la vigencia del Derecho Internacional Humanitario y del Derecho Penal Internacional, convierten al objeto de la presente investigación en una necesidad requerida a la comunidad universitaria. Pretendiendo dar respuesta a esta demanda, la Universidad Católica de Córdoba (Córdoba, Argentina) y la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá, Colombia), en estrecha colaboración con Europa-Universität Viadrina (Frankfurt/Oder, Alemania), a través de sus respectivas Facultades de Derecho y de Ciencias Jurídicas, han decidido conducir en forma conjunta el presente proyecto académico, fundado en la publicación de artículos científicos escritos por selectos especialistas en las diversas áreas comprendidas en esta problemática. El proyecto tiene por objeto poner al alcance de la comunidad hispano parlante un trabajo de referencia en la materia y contribuir en la toma de conciencia sobre la importancia del respeto de las disposiciones del orden jurídico internacional.

Medición del nivel de orientación empática en alumnos de facultades o carreras de odontología de Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panamá y Perú.

Las investigaciones, tanto a nivel médico como odontológico, indican que la empatía ha estado relacionada, teóricamente o empíricamente, a diversos atributos, tales como el comportamiento prosocial, habilidad para recabar la historia clínica, aumento del grado de satisfacción del paciente y del médico, mejores relaciones terapéuticas y buenos resultados clínicos. El objetivo del proyecto es determinar y describir el nivel de empatía de los alumnos que cursan Odontología de algunas Universidades de Latinoamericana, según el nivel de enseñanza y el género. Esta investigación corresponde a un estudio no experimental y de carácter exploratorio. Este tipo de diseño es transversal, descriptivo y ex post facto causa y efecto (potencialmente correlacional). Este proyecto dará origen a un trabajo que se especializará en recolectar datos en un momento temporal determinado para describir en él las variables que se estudiarán, y analizar su comportamiento y posibles asociaciones existentes entre estas variables. La población comprende a los estudiantes pertenecientes a los niveles 1º a 5º de la carrera de Odontología de cada una de las Facultades o Carreras comprometidas en el estudio. La unidad de análisis es el sujeto estudiante de cada nivel antes señalado y en cada una de las poblaciones estudiadas. Se aplicará la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson a todos los estudiantes comprometidos en este estudio, previa explicación detallada de los propósitos de esta investigación y de los objetivos de la misma, incluyendo su carácter confidencial.

Archaeology of Santa Marta, Colombia; the Tairona culture. -- / by J. Alden Mason --

v.20:no.2(1936)