Direcção de obra – obras de arte auto-estrada Transmontana – área 3

Este relatório diz respeito ao trabalho desenvolvido em ambiente de estágio académico numa Empreitada compreendendo Obras de Arte Correntes e Obras de Arte Especiais inseridas em traçado actual do IP4 que está a ser transformado em Auto-Estrada. As Obras de Arte Correntes compreendem Passagens Superiores, Passagens Inferiores e Passagens superiores de Nó. As Obras de Arte Especiais compreendem duas Pontes com vãos distintos. Todas as Obras de Arte referidas neste relatório contemplam uma solução mista de betão armado “in situ” e tabuleiros com vigas e pré-lajes em betão pré-fabricado. Além da descrição de todas as actividades realizadas em betão armado “in situ”, desde as fundações até ao tabuleiro, descreve também a execução dos diversos tipos de trabalhos de acabamentos. Além das actividades de construção civil, é efectuada uma descrição das actividades a cujo processo de realização estão associados trabalhos de concepção e desenvolvimento, como é o caso dos cimbres. Este relatório faz uma descrição abrangente das funções da Direcção de Obra numa Empreitada de Obras de Arte, que para além da execução da obra, com todas as actividades que lhe são inerentes, compreende várias áreas funcionais que fazem parte de uma empresa de construção civil, como a área comercial, financeira, planeamento, aprovisionamento, controlo orçamental, gestão contratual, gestão de subempreitadas e gestão da qualidade, ambiente e segurança.

Tecnologia e gestão das construções de obras portuárias - estudo de caso

Este relatório de estágio aborda as principais tecnologias de construção utilizadas e as metodologias de gestão implementadas na empreitada de “Ampliação do Cais do Terminal XXI - Terminal de Contentores de Sines”. Com o objectivo de fazer enquadramento desta empreitada é apresentado ainda um levantamento das soluções estruturais e processos construtivos mais utilizados, com base nas obras mais relevantes de construção de cais acostáveis de navios em Portugal e em Cabo Verde, recentemente construídas ou ainda em construção. Relativamente à obra em estudo foram analisados em detalhe os processos construtivos, associados a cada uma das actividades, e sistemas de gestão implementados no âmbito do prazo, custos, qualidade, ambiente, segurança e saúde e ainda da exploração dos navios. São ainda descritos os principais conhecimentos adquiridos com o acompanhamento desta obra, decorrentes de dificuldades ocorridas e boas práticas implementadas. As principais fontes de informação, que serviram de base à elaboração deste relatório, foram os projectos, caderno de encargos e documentos gerados em obra, sendo alguns destes documentos de obra elaborados pelo próprio autor. Por fim regista-se a enorme utilidade que este relatório trouxe para o autor, que desta forma registou e sistematizou os conhecimentos adquiridos durante a obra, e espera-se que seja uma boa referência para os engenheiros civis em geral no planeamento e gestão de futuras obras portuárias.

O lean construction e a gestão de projeto na abertura e remodelação de lojas Sonae MC

Trabalho de Projeto

Gestão de Obras: Aplicação prática em ambiente empresarial

O presente Relatório de estágio enquadra-se no âmbito da disciplina de Dissertação / Projeto / Estágio, do Curso de Mestrado em Engenharia Civil, do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto subordinado ao tema “Gestão de Obras: Aplicação prática em ambiente empresarial”. O estágio foi realizado na empresa NEGRO S.A., empresa que atua no mercado Francês, no sector da construção civil no âmbito de obras públicas e privadas. Foi com grande satisfação que o estagiário abraçou esta oportunidade de poder realizar um estágio neste setor da engenharia civil, integrando uma equipa de trabalho com uma ampla experiência no mercado. Foi igualmente gratificante poder aplicar os conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo do curso e enriquecedor adquirir novas competências, através da resolução das dificuldades ocorridas no dia-a-dia durante o estágio. Considera-se assim esta experiencia como uma mais-valia para ingressar com êxito na futura vida profissional. Este documento descreve essencialmente as tarefas realizadas ao longo do estágio. Estas tarefas foram executadas recorrendo aos conhecimentos adquiridos durante a formação académica, nomeadamente no que se refere a planeamento, qualidade, gestão de obra e segurança e saúde no trabalho e com finalidade de alcançar os seguintes objetivos: - Proporcionar a integração do aluno no ambiente empresarial, realizando as atividades planeadas; - Propiciar a aplicação dos conhecimentos e competências adquiridas ao longo do curso, utilizando os casos reais durante o estágio; - Resolver problemas concretos de engenharia civil em meio profissional e empresarial; - Proceder a recolha de informação com vista a resolução dos problemas que surgem ao longo do estágio; - Analisar as situações que surgem durante a realização do estágio, estabelecendo conclusões; - Desenvolver metodologias aplicáveis no contexto do estágio; - Recolher dados e interpretar os mesmos no contexto do estágio; - Estabelecer conclusões sobre as experiências vividas durante o estágio; - Analisar o impacto do trabalho realizado na instituição de acolhimento.

Prevention in underground construction with sequential excavation method

This paper aims to describe the Sequential Excavation Method, used for excava-tion in underground works, as well as the related risks and preventive measures. This method has characteristics that differentiate it from other tunnelling techniques: it uses a larger number of workers and equipment; it has a high concurrency of tasks with various workers and equip-ment quite exposed to hazards; and it uses many potentially aggressive chemicals. Firstly, it is given a broad overview of this issue. Afterwards, it will be presented the results of a survey to a sample of experienced technicians, aimed at gauging the relevance of a set of guidelines relat-ing to the design and work phases, applicable to the domestic market and prepared following technical visits to works abroad.

Speed Management Toolbox for Rural Communities, TR-630, 2012

The primary objective of this toolbox is to summarize various known traffic-calming treatments and their effectiveness. This toolbox focuses on roadway-based treatments for speed management, particularly for rural communities with transition zones. Education, enforcement, and policy strategies should also be considered, but are not the focus of this toolbox. The research team identified treatments based on their own research, a review of the literature, and discussion with other professionals. This toolbox describes each treatment and summarizes placement, advantages, disadvantages, effectiveness, appropriateness, and cost for each treatment. The categories of treatments covered in this toolbox are as follows: horizontal physical displacement, vertical physical displacement, narrowing, surroundings, pavement markings, traffic control signs, and other strategies. Separate 3- to 4-page Tech Briefs for various aspects of this toolbox are attached to this record: Center Islands with Raised Curbing for Rural Traffic Calming, Colored Entrance Treatments for Rural Traffic Calming, Dynamic Speed Feedback Signs for Rural Traffic Calming, Transverse Speed Bars for Rural Traffic Calming. This toolbox and the tech briefs are related to the report Evaluation of Low Cost Traffic Calming for Rural Communities – Phase II, which is also included in this record or can be found at http://publications.iowa.gov/id/eprint/14769

Beliefs and practices in the assessment of workplace pollutants

OBJECTIVES: A survey was undertaken among Swiss occupational hygienists and other professionals to identify the different exposure assessment methods used, the contextual parameters observed and the uses, difficulties and possible developments of exposure models for field application. METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to 121 occupational hygienists, all members of the Swiss Occupational Hygiene Society. A shorter questionnaire was also sent to registered occupational physicians and selected safety specialists. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: The response rate for occupational hygienists was 60%. The so-called expert judgement appeared to be the most widely used method, but its efficiency and reliability were both judged with very low scores. Long-term sampling was perceived as the most efficient and reliable method. Various determinants of exposure, such as emission rate and work activity, were often considered important, even though they were not included in the exposure assessment processes. Near field local phenomena determinants were also judged important for operator exposure estimation. CONCLUSION: Exposure models should be improved to integrate factors which are more easily accessible to practitioners. Descriptors of emission and local phenomena should also be included.

Introduction to Homeland Security and Emergency Management for Local Officials, 2012

The purpose of the Introduction to Homeland Security and Emergency Management for Local Officials is to provide you with information regarding this system. Inside, you will learn about local and state emergency management and homeland security; the phases of homeland security and emergency management; hazards that affect the state; comprehensive planning requirements; emergency declarations; available state and federal assistance; and other important topics that will help you become more versed in homeland security and emergency management in Iowa.

Introduction to Homeland Security and Emergency Management for Local Officials, 2015

The purpose of the Introduction to Homeland Security and Emergency Management for Local Officials is to provide you with information regarding this system. Inside, you will learn about local and state emergency management and homeland security; the phases of homeland security and emergency management; hazards that affect the state; comprehensive planning requirements; emergency declarations; available state and federal assistance; and other important topics that will help you become more versed in homeland security and emergency management in Iowa.

Tuoteturvallisuusriskien hallinta suorituskyvyn johtamisen tukena sähkö- ja elektroniikkateollisuudessa

Eurooppalaisia ja suomalaisia markkinavalvontatilastoja tutkimalla havaitaan, ettei tuoteturvallisuuden hallinta ole itsestään selvää sähkö- ja elektroniikka-alalla. Vuodesta 2000 maaliskuuhun 2006Euroopan markkinoilla havaittiin 3040 vaarallista kuluttajien käyttöön tarkoitettua sähkötuotetta. Työn päätavoitteena on selvittää, miten tuoteturvallisuusriskien hallinta kytkeytyy yrityksen suorituskyvyn johtamiseen. Työssä on käytetty konstruktiivista tutkimusotetta. Aineistopohjaisen analyysin avulla kartoitetaan suorituskyvyn johtamisen teoriaa, suorituskyvyn käytännön mittaamista pienissä ja keskisuurissa yrityksissä sekä tuoteturvallisuusriskejä jariskienhallinnan periaatteita. Lisäksi kartoitetaan lainsäädännön vaatimuksia, tuotesuunnittelua, valmistusta ja osaamista sekä tarkastellaan tuoteturvallisuuden viranomaisvalvonnan tuloksia. Tutkimuksessa analysoidaan kirjallisuutta ja tilastoja etsien tuoteriskien hallinnan ja suorituskyvyn johtamisen välistä yhteyttä. Analyysiä täydennetään tutkimuksen tekijän kokemuksella tuoteturvallisuuden testauksesta ja sertifioinnista, standardisoimistyöstä sekä tuoteturvallisuuden viranomaisvalvonnasta. Riskienhallinta muodostaa parhaimmillaan osan yrityksen johtamis- ja hallintakäytäntöä. Tuoteturvallisuusriskien hallinta on yrityksen strateginen päätös, joka tukee suorituskyvyn johtamista. Työssämallinnetaan kolme toimintatapaa, joilla eri kehitysvaiheessa olevat sähkö- ja elektroniikkateollisuuden valmistajat voivat hallita tuoteturvallisuusriskejään.Työssä kootaan yhteen tuoteturvallisuuden tekijöitä, jotka suorituskyvyn mittareissa monitoroivat tuoteriskien tilaa. Lisäksi kootaan yhteen riskienhallinnan kustannuksia, joilla yritys voi arvioida etukäteen kokonaiskustannuksia.

Construction Plan Image Service for Mobile Devices

The forthcoming media revolution of exchanging paper documents to digital media in construction engineering requires new tools to be developed. The basis of this bachelor’s thesis was to explore the preliminary possibilities of exporting imagery from a Building Information Modelling –software to a mobile phone on a construction yard. This was done by producing a Web Service which uses the design software’s Application Programming Interface to interact with a structures model in order to produce the requested imagery. While mobile phones were found lacking as client devices, because of limited processing power and small displays, the implementation showed that the Tekla Structures API can be used to automatically produce various types of imagery. Web Services can be used to transfer this data to the client. Before further development the needs of the contractor, benefits for the building master and inspector and the full potential of the BIM-software need to be mapped out with surveys.

Requirement management in nuclear power projects

Diplomityön tarkoituksena oli tutkia vaatimusten hallintaa suunnittelu- ja konsultointiyrityksen kannalta Suomen ydinvoimaprojekteissa keskittyen ydinturvallisuus- ja laatuvaatimuksiin. Ydinvoimaprojekteissa toimiminen on edellyttänyt menettelyohjeiden ja laatujärjestelmän uudelleen organisointia yrityksessä ja esiin on noussut haasteita liittyen muun muassa vaatimusten tunnistamiseen ja todentamiseen erityyppisissä ja erilaajuisissa projekteissa. Työ toteutettiin perehtymällä ydinvoimaan liittyvään lainsäädäntöön Suomessa, ohjeisiin ja standardeihin sekä haastattelemalla yrityksen omia asiantuntijoita. Viimeaikaisista sekä meneillään olevista projekteista kerättiin kokemuksia sekä arvioitiin ydinvoima projekteja varten laaditun projektin toteutusohjeen toimivuutta ja käytettävyyttä esimerkkiprojektin avulla. Suurimmiksi haasteiksi tunnistettiin lainsäädännöllisten vaatimusten, kuten ydinvoima- laitosohjeiden (YVL) muuttuminen ja tulkinnanvaraisuus sekä asiakkaiden perehtymät- tömyys Suomen lainsäädäntöön ja vaatimustasoon liittyen ydinturvallisuuteen. Työn tuloksena tunnistettiin hyviä vaatimusten hallintaan liittyviä projektinhallintaa ja ydin- turvallisuutta edistäviä asioita, kuten vaatimusten täsmentäminen jo sopimustasolla sekä niiden täyttymisen seuranta projektin aikana. Erillisen vaatimustietokannan luomista ydinvoimaprojekteja varten tutkittiin, mutta siitä luovuttiin teknisten vaatimusten osalta kannattamattomana, sillä standardien ja vaatimusten määrä kasvoi niin suureksi, että niiden hallitseminen vaatisi enemmän työtä kuin mitä projektien taso yleensä sallisi.

A critical study of major construction projects in kerala vis-a-vis effectiveness in project implementation

Chapter 1 presents a brief note on the state at which the construction industry stands at present, bringing into focus the significance of the critical study. Relevance of the study, area of investigation and objectives of the study are outlined in this chapter. The 2nd chapter presents a review of the literature on the relevant areas. In the third chapter an analysis on time and cost overrun in construction highlighting the major factors responsible for it has been done. A couple of case studies to estimate loss to the nation on account of delay in construction have been presented in the chapter. The need for an appropriate estimate and a competent contractor has been emphasised for improving effectiveness in the project implementation. Certain useful equations and thoughts have been formulated on this area in this chapter that can be followed in State PWD and other Govt. organisations. Case studies on project implementation of major projects undertaken by Government sponsored/supported organizations in Kerala have been dealt with in Chapter 4. A detailed description of the project of Kerala Legislature Complex with a critical analysis has been given in this chapter. A detailed account of the investigations carried out on the construction of International Stadium, a sports project of Greater Cochin Development Authority is included here. The project details of Cochin International Airport at Nedumbassery, its promoters and contractors are also discussed in Chapter 4. Various aspects of implementation which led the above projects successful have been discussed in chapter 5. The data collected were analysed through discussion and perceptions to arrive at certain conclusions. The emergence of front-loaded contract and its impact on economics of the project execution are dealt with in this chapter. Analysis of delays in respect of the various project narrated in chapter 3 has been done here. The root causes of the project time and overrun and its remedial measures are also enlisted in this chapter. Study of cost and time overrun of any construction project IS a part of construction management. Under the present environment of heavy investment on construction activities in India, the consequences of mismanagement many a time lead to excessive expenditure which are not be avoidable. Cost consciousness, therefore has to be keener than ever before. Optimization in investment can be achieved by improved dynamism in construction management. The successful completion of coristruction projects within the specified programme, optimizing three major attributes of the process - quality, schedule and costs - has become the most valuable and challenging task for the engineer - managers to perform. So, the various aspects of construction management such as cost control, schedule control, quality assurance, management techniques etc. have also been discussed in this fifth chapter. Chapter 6 summarises the conclusions drawn from the above criticalr1 of rhajor construction projects in Kerala.

Medidas de intervención para promoción de conductas saludables y prevención de riesgos laborales relacionados con accidentalidad y enfermedad laboral en trabajadores de minas de Carbón

Colombia en su legislación normatiza el sector de la minería de carbón, sin embargo se considera que las estrategias no han sido suficientes para la identificación, prevención y control de la accidentalidad y enfermedad laboral. Durante el año 2013 el índice de fatalidad fue de 1,59. Estadísticas del año 2004 evidencian que las neumoconiosis fueron las mayores causas de invalidez de origen profesional. Objetivo: Categorizar actividades de intervención en promoción y prevención de accidentalidad y enfermedad laboral en trabajadores de la minería de carbón. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de literatura sobre minería de carbón y salud la cual fue obtenida de las bases de datos PUBMED, Sciendirect, VHL, SINAB por literatura publicada sin límites de año, en idioma inglés, español o portugués. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron términos en lenguaje controlado (términos MESH), revisión por pares de títulos y resúmenes. Las publicaciones fueron seleccionadas para revisión de texto completo bajo criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los códigos contemplados para esta revisión fueron: a) país donde la intervención se llevó a cabo, b) salud ocupacional, c) prevención de accidentalidad, d) programas de promoción, e) tecnologías, f) resultados obtenidos. Resultados: Del total de 2500 artículos seleccionados por los autores principales se realizó la revisión de los primeros 300 artículos, 32 hacen referencia al tema de salud ocupacional y minería de carbón, 10 contienen intervenciones consideradas de relevancia para esta revisión bibliográfica. Se presentan intervenciones estadísticamente significativas (p<0.05) y que han demostrado ser de impacto positivo en la minería de carbón en promoción y prevención de accidentalidad y enfermedad ocupacional. Conclusiones: Se identificaron las siguientes cuatro tipos de intervención: 1) las de carácter educativo que hacen referencia a las capacitaciones participativas, el entrenamiento por medio de “degraded image”, la realización de gestión de autocontrol y retroalimentación para el uso de elementos de protección personal (EPP), la aplicación del Modelo de Proceso Paralelo Extendido; 2) intervenciones preventivas como la medición de alcoholimetría antes del turno, la presencia de personal de enfermería en minas de carbón y el reconocimiento de los predictores de la enfermedad para optimizar la prevención primaria; 3)intervenciones de vigilancia como la promovida en la metodología Estadísticas Europeas de Accidentes de Trabajo (EEAT) para la investigación de los accidentes de trabajo, la aplicación de las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para la detección de la neumoconiosis y 4) De carácter tecnológico consistente en la intervención de tareas a partir de los resultados de la aplicación del software desarrollado por el Instituto Nacional para la Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional (NIOSH). Estas intervenciones han demostrado ser eficaces en la promoción y prevención de accidentalidad y enfermedad ocupacional por lo cual se recomienda su aplicación en Colombia posterior al análisis de costo-efectividad.

Living up to the value agenda: the empirical realities of through-life value creation in construction

Current research agendas are increasingly encouraging the construction industry to operate on the basis of 'added value'. Such debates echo the established concept of 'high value manufacturing' and associated trends towards servitization. Within construction, the so-called 'value agenda' draws heavily from the notion of integrated solutions. This is held to be especially appropriate in the context of PFI projects. Also relevant is the concept of service-led projects whereby the project rationale is driven by the client's objectives for delivering an enhanced service to its own customers. Such ideas are contextualized by a consideration of broader trends of privatization and outsourcing within and across the construction industry's client base. The current emphasis on integrated solutions reflects long-term trends within privatized client organizations towards the outsourcing of asset management capabilities. However, such trends are by no means uniform or consistent. An in-depth case study of three operating divisions within a major construction company illustrates that firms are unlikely to reorientate their business in response to the 'value agenda'. In the case of PFI, the tendency has been to establish specialist units for the purposes of winning work. Meanwhile, institutionally embedded operating routines within the rest of the business remain broadly unaffected.