Crowding no varejo: diferenças na satisfação e percepção de valor hedônico de consumidores de alta e baixa renda no Brasil

Esta investigação visa o melhor entendimento do fenômeno do crowding em lojas, dentro do contexto do mercado brasileiro, procurando identificar como as respostas dos consumidores variam entre os de renda baixa e renda alta, e buscando fatores que possam melhor explicar essas diferenças. Para atender esses objetivos, adotou-se uma metodologia experimental para testar como o aumento da densidade humana afeta diferentemente as respostas dos consumidores de alta e baixa renda. Como moderadoras da relação entre densidade humana e as respostas de consumidores, utilizaram-se as variáveis renda (alta e baixa) e familiaridade (alta e baixa). Três experimentos de desenhos fatoriais permitiram o teste das hipóteses propostas, por meio de análises multivariadas: ANOVAs, ANCOVAs e regressões lineares. Os estudos demonstraram que renda efetivamente modera as respostas dos consumidores, pois existe substancial diferença entre os consumidores de alta e baixa renda para situações de alta densidade humana em lojas. Foram verificadas as seguintes respostas dos consumidores com menor renda em situações de alta densidade humana: atitude mais positiva e maior nível de satisfação do que os de alta renda; percepção de maior valor hedônico em lojas mais cheias de gente versus os de maior renda. Os resultados contrariam a maioria dos achados de estudos realizados nos Estados Unidos nas últimas décadas. Enquanto a maioria desses estudos indica uma resposta negativa à densidade humana, os resultados desta pesquisa evidenciaram que existem respostas mais positivas para o segmento econômico de consumidores de baixa renda. Constatou-se também o efeito moderador do controle informacional (familiaridade) na relação entre densidade humana e as respostas dos consumidores, e o efeito mediador da percepção de valor hedônico na relação entre densidade e satisfação. Os achados oferecem uma contribuição teórica para enriquecer o entendimento do fenômeno de crowding e ressaltam a importância de se considerar a diversidade do contexto socioeconômico para se garantir o desenvolvimento de generalizações que corretamente reflitam as várias realidades do mercado. Do ponto de vista gerencial, o estudo reforça a necessidade de o varejo desenvolver uma maior distinção em ambientes de loja para melhor satisfazer as diferentes preferências dos diversos segmentos de mercado.

Discursos de desenvolvimento no Supremo Federal : a participação indígena na autorização parlamentar para o aproveitamento hidrelétrico Belo Monte

Nesta pesquisa estudamos o caso Belo Monte – entendido como a disputa judicial sobre o Aproveitamento Hidrelétrico Belo Monte, travada no Supremo Tribunal Federal –, para saber se existe uma relação entre os discursos de desenvolvimento mobilizados pelas partes litigantes e pelo STF e a interpretação dada por esses atores para o parágrafo 3º do artigo 231 da Constituição Federal de 1988. Partimos da seguinte hipótese: interpretações que restringem os direitos de participação política dos povos e comunidades indígenas e que impõem poucas condições para o exercício da discricionariedade dos Poderes da União são acompanhadas por discursos preocupados com o desenvolvimento econômico; interpretações que reconhecem amplo direito de participação política para povos e comunidades indígenas e que impõem maiores condições para o exercício da discricionariedade dos Poderes da União não são acompanhados por discursos de desenvolvimento. Confirmando parcialmente nossa hipótese, chegamos à seguinte conclusão: em primeiro lugar, parece existir uma tendência para que, quando mobilizados discursos de desenvolvimento, a interpretação dada ao parágrafo 3º do artigo 231 da Constituição Federal imponha menos condições para o exercício da discricionariedade dos Poderes da União e reduza, ou desconsidere, os direitos de participação política dos povos e comunidades indígenas; por outro lado, alguns discursos de desenvolvimento foram mobilizados num sentido aposto, e serviram tanto para afirmar os direitos políticos de povos e comunidades indígenas, quanto para impor mais condições para o exercício da discricionariedade dos Poderes da União.

Evolução diagenética e caracterização dos reservatórios da seção devoniana na Bacia do Rio do Peixe-Nordeste do Brasil

The Rio do Peixe Basin represents a main basin of northeastern Brazil and pioneering work positioned the rocks of this basin in the Early Cretaceous. However, a recent study, based on integrated pollen analysis from three wells, found an unprecedented siliciclastic sedimentary section, in the region, of early Devonian age. Therefore, the present study aims a detailed petrographic and petrological analysis of this devonian section, in the Rio do Peixe Basin and proposes a diagenetic evolution, to understand the characteristics of the porous system, identify the main reservoir petrofacies with the main factors impacting on the quality of these rocks as reservoirs and a quick study on the provenance of this section. The petrographic study was based on samples obtained from subsurface and surface. The diagenetic evolution of petrofacies and its identification were based only on subsurface samples and the study of provenance was based on surface samples. The thin sections were prepared from sandstones, pelites and sandstones intercalated with pelites. The original detrital composition for this section is arcosean and the main diagenetic processes that affected these rocks occur in various depths and different conditions, which resulted in extensive diagenetic variety. The following processes were identified: early fracture and healing of grains; albitization of K-feldspar and plagioclase; siderite; precipitation of silica and feldspar; mechanical infiltration of clay and its transformation to illite/esmectite and illite; autigenesis of analcime; dissolution; autigenesis of chlorite; dolomite/ferrous dolomite/anquerite; apatite; calcite; pyrite; titanium minerals and iron oxide-hidroxide. The occurrence of a recently discovered volcanism, in the Rio do Peixe Basin, may have influenced the diagenetic evolution of this section. Three diagenetic stages affected the Devonian section: eo, meso and telodiagenesis. This section is compositionally quite feldspathic, indicating provenance from continental blocks, between transitional continental and uplift of the basement. From this study, we observed a wide heterogeneity in the role of the studied sandstones as reservoirs. Seven petrofacies were identified, taking into account the main diagenetic constituent responsible for the reduction of porosity. It is possible that the loss of original porosity was influenced by intense diagenesis in these rocks, where the main constituent for the loss of porosity are clays minerals, oxides and carbonate cement (calcite and dolomite)

Desenvolvimento de uma unidade pirolítica com reator de cilindro rotativo: obtenção de bio-óleo

The demand for alternative sources of energy drives the technological development so that many fuels and energy conversion processes before judged as inadequate or even non-viable, are now competing fuels and so-called traditional processes. Thus, biomass plays an important role and is considered one of the sources of renewable energy most important of our planet. Biomass accounts for 29.2% of all renewable energy sources. The share of biomass energy from Brazil in the OIE is 13.6%, well above the world average of participation. Various types of pyrolysis processes have been studied in recent years, highlighting the process of fast pyrolysis of biomass to obtain bio-oil. The continuous fast pyrolysis, the most investigated and improved are the fluidized bed and ablative, but is being studied and developed other types in order to obtain Bio-oil a better quality, higher productivity, lower energy consumption, increased stability and process reliability and lower production cost. The stability of the product bio-oil is fundamental to designing consumer devices such as burners, engines and turbines. This study was motivated to produce Bio-oil, through the conversion of plant biomass or the use of its industrial and agricultural waste, presenting an alternative proposal for thermochemical pyrolysis process, taking advantage of particle dynamics in the rotating bed that favors the right gas-solid contact and heat transfer and mass. The pyrolyser designed to operate in a continuous process, a feeder containing two stages, a divisive system of biomass integrated with a tab of coal fines and a system of condensing steam pyrolytic. The prototype has been tested with sawdust, using a complete experimental design on two levels to investigate the sensitivity of factors: the process temperature, gas flow drag and spin speed compared to the mass yield of bio-oil. The best result was obtained in the condition of 570 oC, 25 Hz and 200 cm3/min, temperature being the parameter of greatest significance. The mass balance of the elementary stages presented in the order of 20% and 37% liquid pyrolytic carbon. We determined the properties of liquid and solid products of pyrolysis as density, viscosity, pH, PCI, and the composition characterized by chemical analysis, revealing the composition and properties of a Bio-oil.

Desenvolvimento de metodologias analíticas alternativas por cromatografia gasosa para análise de biodiesel

Since the beginning of the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel in Brazil, in 2004, different raw materials were evaluated for biodiesel production, trying to combine the agricultural diversity of the country to the desire to reduce production coasts. To determine the chemical composition of biodiesel produced from common vegetables oils, international methods have been used widely in Brazil. However, for analyzing biodiesel samples produced from some alternative raw materials analytical problems have been detected. That was the case of biodiesel from castor oil. Due the need to overcome these problems, new methodologies were developed using different chromatographic columns, standards and quantitative methods. The priority was simplifying the equipment configuration, realizing faster analyses, reducing the costs and facilitating the routine of biodiesel research and production laboratories. For quantifying free glycerin, the ethylene glycol was used in instead of 1,2,4-butanetriol, without loss of quality results. The ethylene glycol is a cheaper and easier standard. For methanol analyses the headspace was not used and the cost of the equipment used was lower. A detailed determination of the esters helped the deeper knowledge of the biodiesel composition. The report of the experiments and conclusions of the research that resulted in the development of alternative methods for quality control of the composition of the biodiesel produced in Brazil, a country with considerable variability of species in agriculture, are the goals of this thesis and are reported in the following pages

Uso da tecnologia de troca iônica no tratamento de águas contaminadas com Nitrato do Aqüífero Dunas-Barreiras, Natal/RN-Brasil

The city of Natal comprises an area of about 170 km² (65,63 squares miles). The Dunas-Barreiras Aquifer is the most important reservoir of the coastal basin of RN. It is being responsible for the water supplying of about 70% of the population, however, due to the sewage disposal system by cesspools and drains, it is presently affected in a great extent by nitrates contamination. Thus, the present work proposes to research the utilization of contaminated water by nitrates of this fountainhead and find cost of the potable water through the ionic exchange technology. This technology consists in the removal of mineral salts by the exchange of cations for one ion of hydrogen (H+), through the passage of water by cationic resin bed and, secondly, by the exchange of the anions for hydroxyl ions (OH-) through a anionic resin bed. The obtained results have showed the waters derived from fountains, big water holes and shallow wells were microbiologically contaminated, while the waters derived from deep wells (above 70 m 76,58 yards) were free of contamination. Thus, only these ones are suitable to the use of ionic technology. The experiments were conducted with the resin IMAC-HP-555 such as kinetic, thermodynamic, and adsorption by fixed bed studies, being obtained several project variables for the experimental column, as follow: work temperature of 25oC; resin maximum capacity maximum e mean of adsorption ==0,01692 g NO3-1/g R e 0,0110 g NO3-1/g R, respectively. On the experimental column were performed breakthrough tests which pointed for an average ideal average speed of work of 13.2 m / h, with an average efficiency of 45% of adsorption, an optimal concentration of NaCl desorption of 8%, and an ideal desorption time of 80 minutes for the equilibrium conditions of water from the Dunas-Barreiras aquifer. Scale projection for ion-exchange column for denitrification, for these variables, using a computer modeling programme, to project the column of ion exchange ROREX-420/2000, obtained a cost for the drinking water denitrified by this system of R$ 0,16 / m3

Perfil de resistência genótica do HIV-1 em pacientes com falha na terapia antirretroviral atendidos pela Rede Nacional de Genotipagem (RENAGENO) na região de Botucatu, SP-Brasil

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Primeiro rastreamento organizado regional no Brasil: barreiras relacionadas á realidade do exame de mamografia

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Demandas profissionais na produção de conteúdo para televisão digital: um estudo do caso da TV Brasil

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

A atuação do Brasil no regime internacional de mudanças climáticas de 1995 a 2004

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de sistema para gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Projeto de exploração de mercado e desenvolvimento de novos conceitos para segmento cosmético brasileiro: aplicação e avaliação de métodos de pesquisa

The current growth of the cosmetic Brazilian market and the incessant search for innovations requires the company´s Research & Development departments to be efficient and assertive. Therefore this work aimed to approach the process of development of new concepts, since the market exploration using quantitative tools, Survey, until the concept creation by qualitative tools. As results of this project an analysis of the tools and guidelines used nowadays and the creation of new exploration methods were delivered

A importância da ciência e tecnologia para o desenvolvimento: um estudo de caso da indústria brasileira de química verde

The objective of the research is to map and analyze the investment, strategies of develop and prospects of green chemical industry in Brazil and show the fundamental importance of basic research and applied research in the development of this industry in recent years. The complementary objectives are: (i) to evaluate the role of the Brazilian government as a catalyst, encouraging the development of green chemistry industry through incentives, subsidies and ease in credit lines; ii) mapping of relationships between companies universities and public research institutes in the field of green chemistry; iii) verification of the strategies in the world stage green chemistry, the course of time; iv) the theoretical issues and national plans, and your practicable; v) continued investment in the area, with the worry of them being affected by any matter cyclical such as the discovery of a large deposit of shale gas in the United States and a technological development of oil extraction in Brazil and vi) the pace of R&D for basic and applied in the country with the passage of time

Revisão dos principais radiofármacos utilizados no Brasil e suas aplicações na detecção e terapia de patologias

Radiopharmaceuticals are substances marked with radionuclides that can be used for detection and treatment of cancer, infections and inflammatory diseases. They emit several types of radiation through different decay routes, each radioisotope with its specific properties and uses. They can usually be produced from several different materials, by bombardment with particle beams in a nuclear research reactor or cyclotron, depending on their characteristics. Brazil has four public institutions which produce - or import - and distribute radiopharmaceuticals to hospitals and clinics throughout its territory. The largest such institution, Ipen, distributes 97% of radiopharmaceuticals used in the country. Some radiopharmaceuticals decay very quickly, meaning they must be produced and quickly administered to the patient in the same location, presenting a logistical challenge. Nuclear medicine in Brazil is a promising field and has been steadily growing, although rigid laws and a lack of qualified work force hinder Research and Development efforts for new radiopharmaceuticals. The construction of a new nuclear research reactor, in 2016, should generate self-sufficiency and economy in radiopharmaceutical production and avoid a future crisis in the supply of technetium-99m, the most important radioisotope, used in over 80% of procedures with radiopharmaceuticals.

P&D em filiais de empresas multinacionais instaladas no Brasil

The internationalization of research and development (R&D) activities has been lifted to an eminent role over the last years, how confirm the greater intensity of R&D investment inflows into countries other than the home countries of the multinational enterprises (MNE). As the industrialization of the Brazilian economy has been marked by the presence of MNE, this paper aims to discuss some characteristics of the Brazilian subsidiaries of foreign MNE concerning R&D activities. To do so, we draw on a comprehensive survey applied to MNE affiliates in Brazil in 2006. It allows us to describe the locally-conducted R&D activities, its specificities and perspectives of future inversions. Among its findings, there are evidences pointing that in Brazil the R&D internationalization the phases of investment in manufactures and in R&D may occur almost simultaneously, depending on the sector s involvement in the globalization process.