Alvará com força de Ley, porque Vossa Magestade he servido prohibir, que se possam carregar, nem transportar escravos pretos de hum, e outro sexo dos pórtos da America, Africa, e Asia, para os destes Reinos de Portugal, e dos Algarves ; applicando as penas nelle declaradas a todos os que contravierem a dita Ley, passado o termo de seis mezes, a respeito dos primeiros, e segundos dos referidos pórtos, e hum anno a respeito dos terceiros : tudo na fórma que acima se contém : para V. Magestade ver / Joaquim Joseph Borralho o fez

Ao alto do título: Conde de Oeyras.

Alvará de Ley, por que V. Magestade he servido declarar, que os vassallos deste Reino, e da America, que casarem com indias della, não ficaõ com infamia alguma, antes se faraõ dignos da sua Real attençaõ, e faraõ preferidos nas terras, em que se estabelecerem, para os lugares, e occupações, que couberem na graduaçaõ de suas pessoas; e seus filhos, e descendentes seraõ habeis, e capazes de qualquer emprego, honra, ou dignidade, sem que necessitem de dispensa alguma, em razaõ destas alianças, em que se comprehendem as que já se achaõ feitas antes desta resoluçaõ; e que o mesmo se praticará com os portuguezes, que casarem com indios, e os seus filhos, e descendentes, como assima se declara : para V. Magestade ver

Coleção Marcio Moreira Alves.

Review of World literature on Water Chestnut with implications for management in North America

Water chestnut (Trapa natans L.,sensu lato) is an annual, floating-leaved aquatic plant of temperate and tropical freshwater wetlands, rivers, lakes, ponds, and estuaries. Native to Eurasia and Africa, water chestnut has been widely gathered for its large nutritious seed since the Neolithic and is cultivated for food in Asia. Water chestnut is now a species of conservation concern in Europe and Russia. Introduced to the northeastern United States in the mid-1800s, the spread of water chestnut as a nuisance weed was apparently favored by cultural eutrophication. Water chestnut is considered a pest in the U.S. because it forms extensive, dense beds in lakes, rivers, and freshwater-tidal habitats.

Fishery resources of the United States of America

The term “fishery resources” is used in this book with a broad application. It includes the populations of the fishes and other organisms useful to men, the environment that makes life possible for them, the industry that exploits and utilizes them, and our knowledge about them by which we can conserve their productivity. This book aims to survey the present status of all these aspects of those fishery resources that are used or are available for use by United States anglers and commercial fishermen. It is planned primarily for the Congress, at its request, with the idea of giving to busy people, in condensed fashion, a perspective on its subject. (pdf contains 142 pages)

New fish populations as evidence of climate chage in former dry areas of the Pampa Region ( Southern South America).

Water bodies located at 34º 58' S, 62º 58' W formed after 1980 by 30 % increasing rainfall during the last half century, were colonized by ten fish species which are a subset of the commonest species living in the pampasic lagunas. These new populations imply a displacement of the West of Pampasian fishes to areas of the western basins previously lacking fish.

Contributions to the Geology and Paleontology of the Canal Zone, Panama, and geologically related areas in central America and the West Indies. Part 11: The biologic character and geologic correlations of the sedimentary formations of Panama in their relation to the geologic history of Central America and the West Indies

The paper presents: 1) biologic summaries for each of the formations for which paleontologic data are available, with brief discussions of the geologic age; 2) geologic correlations of the formations and the distribution of their age-equivalents in Central America, the West Indies, and the southeastern United States; 3) an outline of the paleogeography of middle America. The biologic summaries are based on the paleontologic memoirs in this vol. by Messars. Howe, Berry, Chuchman, Jackson, Canu and Bassler and Pilsbry, Miss Rathbun and myself.

Media translation and lesser-used languages: implications of subtitles for Irish language broadcastind

Eguíluz, Federico; Merino, Raquel; Olsen, Vickie; Pajares, Eterio; Santamaría, José Miguel (eds.)

A bioregional classification of the continental shelf of northeastern North America for conservation analysis and planning based on representation

Understanding how well National Marine Sanctuaries and other marine protected areas represent the diversity of species present within and among the biogeographic regions where they occur is essential for assessing their conservation value and identifying gaps in the protection of biological diversity. One of the first steps in any such assessment should be the development of clearly defined and scientifically justified planning boundaries representing distinct oceanographic conditions and faunal assemblages. Here, we propose a set of boundaries for the continental shelf of northeastern North America defined by subdivisions of the Eastern Temperate Province, based on a review and synthesis (i.e. meta-analysis) of the scientific literature. According to this review, the Eastern Temperate Province is generally divided into the Acadian and Virginian Subprovinces. Broad agreement places the Scotian Shelf, Gulf of Maine, and Bay of Fundy within the Acadian Subprovince. The proper association of Georges Bank is less clear; some investigators consider it part of the Acadian and others part of the Virginian. Disparate perspectives emerge from the analysis of different groups of organisms. Further, while some studies suggest a distinction between the Southern New England shelf and the rest of the Mid-Atlantic Bight, others describe the region as a broad transition zone with no unique characteristics of its own. We suggest there exists sufficient evidence to consider the Scotian Shelf, Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, Southern New England, and Southern Mid-Atlantic Bight as distinct biogeographic regions from a conservation planning perspective, and present a set of proposed mapped boundaries. (PDF contains 23 pages.)

Statement submitted by the United States of Brazil to the President of the United States of America as arbitrator : under the provisions of the treaty concluded september 7, 1889, between Brazil and the Argentine Republic

Exposição que os Estados Unidos do Brazil apresentam ao Presidente dos Estados Unidos da América como árbitro seguindo as estipulações no Tratado de 7 de setembro de 1889, concluído entre o Brazil e a Republica Argentina.

Redeeming America's Fall from Grace between Utopian and Dystopian horizons: The case of George Lucas's Star Wars trilogy

Eterio Pajares, Raquel Merino y José Miguel Santamaría (eds.)

Paper unemployment: the irish experience

When asked to give a paper at this conference I choosee "Incentive to encourage youth employment" but very soon into my research I felt that the overall approach to unemployment by succesive Irish Governments offered more valuable insights into this serious problem and the lack of recognition of how serious this problem is. This is particulary so for small economies and regions on the periphery of the EU.

Tratado de limites das conquistas entre os muito altos, e poderosos senhores D. João V, Rey de Portugal, e D. Fernando VI, Rey de Espanha, pelo qual abolida a demarcação da linha meridiana, ajustada no Tratado de Tordesilhas de 7 de junho de 1494, se determina individualmente a raya dos domínios de huma e outra corôa na America Meridional :a de Portugal renuncia o direito, que allegava ter das Ilhas Filippinas, pelo dito Tratado de Tordesilhas, e pela escritura de Saragoça de 22 de abril de 1529 ; e cede a Espanha a Colonia do Sacramento, e o Territorio da margem septentrional do Rio da Prata, que lhe pertencia pelo Tratado de Utrecht de 6 de fevereiro de 1715, como também a Aldea de S. Christóvão, e terras adjacentes, que tinhão occupado os portuguezes entre os rios Japurá, e Isa, que desaguão no das Amazonas; a de Espanha renuncia todo o direito, que pelo dito Tratado de Tordesilhas allegava ter as terras possuidas pelos portuguezes na America Meridional ao Occidente da Linha Meridiana, ajustada naquelle Tratado ; e cede a Portugal todas as terras, e povoações da margem oriental do rio Uruguay, desde o rio Ibicuí para o norte, e a aldea de Santa Rosa, e outra qualquer estabelecida pelos espanhoes na margem oriental do rio Guaporé; com os plenos-poderes, e ratificações dos dous Monarchas, assignado em Madrid a 13 de janeiro de 1750

Referência: Diccionario Bibliographico Portuguez / Innocencio Francisco da Silva, 1862. v. 7, p. 386.

The History, Present Condition, and Future of the Molluscan Fisheries of North and Central America and Europe: Volume 3, Europe

(PDF file contains 248 pages.)

The History, Present Condition, and Future of the Molluscan Fisheries of North and Central America and Europe: Volume 2, Pacific Coast and Supplemental Topics

Over 100 molluscan species are landed in Mexico. About 30% are harvested on the Pacific coast and 70% on the Atlantic coast. Clams, scallops, and squid predominate on the Pacific coast (abalone, limpets, and mussels are landed there exclusively). Conchs and oysters predominate on the Atlantic coast. In 1988, some 95,000 metric tons (t) of mollusks were landed, with a value of $33 million. Mollusks were used extensively in prehispanic Mexico as food, tools, and jewelry. Their use as food and jewelry continues. Except in the States of Baja California and Baja California Sur, where abalone, clams, and scallops provide fishermen with year-round employment, mollusk fishing is done part time. On both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts, many fishermen are nomads, harvesting mollusks wherever they find abundant stocks. Upon finding such beds, they build camps, begin harvesting, and continue until the mollusks become so scarce that it no longer pays to continue. They then look for productive beds in other areas and rebuild their camps. Fishermen harvest abalones, mussels, scallops, and clams by free-diving and using scuba and hooka. Landings of clams and cockles have been growing, and 22,000 t were landed in 1988. Fishermen harvest intertidal clams by hand at wading depths, finding them with their feet. In waters up to 5 m, they harvest them by free-diving. In deeper water, they use scuba and hooka. Many species of gastropods have commercial importance on both coasts. All species with a large detachable muscle are sold as scallops. On the Pacific coast, hatchery culture of oysters prevails. Oyster culture in Atlantic coast lagoons began in the 1950's, when beds were enhanced by spreading shells as cultch for spat. (PDF file contains 228 pages.)

Taxonomy and distribution of the boring sponges (Clionidae) along the Atlantic coast of North America

Covers the history of the study of boring sponges, taxonomy and distributions. Also includes identification of species, descriptions, key, references and plates. (PDF contains 30 pages)