Fracture imaging within a granitic rock aquifer using multiple-offset single-hole and cross-hole GPR reflection data

The sparsely spaced highly permeable fractures of the granitic rock aquifer at Stang-er-Brune (Brittany, France) form a well-connected fracture network of high permeability but unknown geometry. Previous work based on optical and acoustic logging together with single-hole and cross-hole flowmeter data acquired in 3 neighbouring boreholes (70-100 m deep) has identified the most important permeable fractures crossing the boreholes and their hydraulic connections. To constrain possible flow paths by estimating the geometries of known and previously unknown fractures, we have acquired, processed and interpreted multifold, single- and cross-hole GPR data using 100 and 250 MHz antennas. The GPR data processing scheme consisting of timezero corrections, scaling, bandpass filtering and F-X deconvolution, eigenvector filtering, muting, pre-stack Kirchhoff depth migration and stacking was used to differentiate fluid-filled fracture reflections from source generated noise. The final stacked and pre-stack depth-migrated GPR sections provide high-resolution images of individual fractures (dipping 30-90°) in the surroundings (2-20 m for the 100 MHz antennas; 2-12 m for the 250 MHz antennas) of each borehole in a 2D plane projection that are of superior quality to those obtained from single-offset sections. Most fractures previously identified from hydraulic testing can be correlated to reflections in the single-hole data. Several previously unknown major near vertical fractures have also been identified away from the boreholes.

Intestinal gluconeogenesis is a key factor for early metabolic changes after gastric bypass but not after gastric lap-band in mice.

Unlike the adjustable gastric banding procedure (AGB), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGBP) in humans has an intriguing effect: a rapid and substantial control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We performed gastric lap-band (GLB) and entero-gastro anastomosis (EGA) procedures in C57Bl6 mice that were fed a high-fat diet. The EGA procedure specifically reduced food intake and increased insulin sensitivity as measured by endogenous glucose production. Intestinal gluconeogenesis increased after the EGA procedure, but not after gastric banding. All EGA effects were abolished in GLUT-2 knockout mice and in mice with portal vein denervation. We thus provide mechanistic evidence that the beneficial effects of the EGA procedure on food intake and glucose homeostasis involve intestinal gluconeogenesis and its detection via a GLUT-2 and hepatoportal sensor pathway.

Calculation of Franck-Condon factors including anharmonicity: simulation of the C2 H4+ X̃2B 3u←C2 H4X̃1 Ag band in the photoelectron spectrum of ethylene

Our new simple method for calculating accurate Franck-Condon factors including nondiagonal (i.e., mode-mode) anharmonic coupling is used to simulate the C2H4+X2B 3u←C2H4X̃1 Ag band in the photoelectron spectrum. An improved vibrational basis set truncation algorithm, which permits very efficient computations, is employed. Because the torsional mode is highly anharmonic it is separated from the other modes and treated exactly. All other modes are treated through the second-order perturbation theory. The perturbation-theory corrections are significant and lead to a good agreement with experiment, although the separability assumption for torsion causes the C2 D4 results to be not as good as those for C2 H4. A variational formulation to overcome this circumstance, and deal with large anharmonicities in general, is suggested

Determination of the direct band-gap energy of InAlAs matched to InP by photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy

A series of InxAl1-xAs samples (0.51≪x≪0.55)coherently grown on InP was studied in order to measure the band-gap energy of the lattice matched composition. As the substrate is opaque to the relevant photon energies, a method is developed to calculate the optical absorption coefficient from the photoluminescence excitation spectra. The effect of strain on the band-gap energy has been taken into account. For x=0.532, at 14 K we have obtained Eg0=1549±6 meV

Chorioretinal lacuna in the amniotic band syndrome.

The malformations in the amniotic band syndrome (ABS) are due to entrapment of fetal parts by fibrous band in the amniotic sac. Limbs are most commonly affected followed by craniofacial defects in one third of patients. Ocular defects include corneal leukomas and lid colobomas often contiguous with facial clefts, strabismus, hypertelorism, and microphthalmos. Unilateral chorioretinal defects or lacunae are rare findings in the ABS. We report a female infant with such a lacunar defect along with central nervous abnormalities, and discuss the differential diagnosis and the embryopathic implications.

High-SNR power offset in multiantenna communication

The analysis of the multiantenna capacity in the high-SNR regime has hitherto focused on the high-SNR slope (or maximum multiplexing gain), which quantifies the multiplicative increase as function of the number of antennas. This traditional characterization is unable to assess the impact of prominent channel features since, for a majority of channels, the slope equals the minimum of the number of transmit and receive antennas. Furthermore, a characterization based solely on the slope captures only the scaling but it has no notion of the power required for a certain capacity. This paper advocates a more refined characterization whereby, as function of SNRjdB, the high-SNR capacity is expanded as an affine function where the impact of channel features such as antenna correlation, unfaded components, etc, resides in the zero-order term or power offset. The power offset, for which we find insightful closed-form expressions, is shown to play a chief role for SNR levels of practical interest.

The Big Band Theory : català col·loquial i humor científic. Proposta de traducció del capítol pilot

Aquest treball elabora una proposta de traducció per al doblatge del capítol pilot de The Big Bang Theory, que combina llenguatge col•loquial i llenguatge científic.L’objectiu és doble: elaborar un llenguatge col•loquial creïble però a la vegada genuí i emprar els equivalents catalans adequats per als termes científics originals.

Early disturbances of gamma band dynamics in mild cognitive impairment.

Recent studies have indicated that gamma band oscillations participate in the temporal binding needed for the synchronization of cortical networks involved in short-term memory and attentional processes. To date, no study has explored the temporal dynamics of gamma band in the early stages of dementia. At baseline, gamma band analysis was performed in 29 cases with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) during the n-back task. Based on phase diagrams, multiple linear regression models were built to explore the relationship between the cognitive status and gamma oscillation changes over time. Individual measures of phase diagram complexity were made using fractal dimension values. After 1 year, all cases were assessed neuropsychologically using the same battery. A total of 16 MCI patients showed progressive cognitive decline (PMCI) and 13 remained stable (SMCI). When adjusted for gamma values at lag -2, and -3 ms, PMCI cases displayed significantly lower average changes in gamma values than SMCI cases both in detection and 2-back tasks. Gamma fractal dimension of PMCI cases displayed significantly higher gamma fractal dimension values compared to SMCI cases. This variable explained 11.8% of the cognitive variability in this series. Our data indicate that the progression of cognitive decline in MCI is associated with early deficits in temporal binding that occur during the activation of selective attention processes.

[Archives de la Parole]. , From Srikrishna [Sri Krishna: Nipat Kapat Tuya Syam] (Bengali Band) / Frederick William Gaisberg, collecteur ; Classic Theatre Concert Co. [i.e. Classic Theatre Concert Company Band], orchestre

[Traditions. Asie. Inde]

[Archives de la Parole]. , From Alibaba [Ali Baba : Chand Chakorey] (Bengali Band) / Frederick William Gaisberg, collecteur ; Classic Theatre Concert Co. [i.e. Classic Theatre Concert Company Band], orchestre

[Traditions. Asie. Inde]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Tune Khanabaj [Tune Khanabaj, Khambaj] (Bengali Band) / Frederick William Gaisberg, collecteur ; Classic Theatre Concert Co. [i.e. Classic Theatre Concert Company Band], orchestre

[Traditions. Asie. Inde]

[Archives de la Parole]. , From Dole Lila [Dole Lila : Bahiye Bahiye Jai] (Bengali Band) / Frederick William Gaisberg, collecteur ; Classic Theatre Concert Co. [i.e. Classic Theatre Concert Company Band], orchestre

[Traditions. Asie. Inde]

Estimation of surface roughness in a semiarid region from C-band ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar data

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using the C-band European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to estimate surface soil roughness in a semiarid rangeland. Radar backscattering coefficients were extracted from a dry and a wet season SAR image and were compared with 47 in situ soil roughness measurements obtained in the rocky soils of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, southeastern Arizona, USA. Both the dry and the wet season SAR data showed exponential relationships with root mean square (RMS) height measurements. The dry C-band ERS-1 SAR data were strongly correlated (R² = 0.80), while the wet season SAR data have somewhat higher secondary variation (R² = 0.59). This lower correlation was probably provoked by the stronger influence of soil moisture, which may not be negligible in the wet season SAR data. We concluded that the single configuration C-band SAR data is useful to estimate surface roughness of rocky soils in a semiarid rangeland.