Comparison of some properties of 2,3 - and 3,4 - dimethoxybenzoates of Cu(II), Co(II) and Nd(III)

The physicochemical properties of 2,4-, and 3,4- dimethoxybenzoates of Cu(II), Co(II) and Nd(III) were studied and compared to observe the -OCH3 substituent positions in benzene ring on the character of complexes. The analysed compounds are crystalline hydrated or anhydrous salts with colours depending on the kind of central ions: blue for Cu(II), pink for Co(II) and violet for Nd(III) complexes. The carboxylate groups bind as monodentate, bidentate bridging or chelating and even tridentate ligands. Their thermal stabilities were studied in air at 293-1173K. When heated the hydrated complexes release the water molecules and form anhydrous compounds which are then decomposed to the oxides of respective metals. Their magnetic moment values were determined in the range of 76-303K. The results reveal the compounds of Nd(III) and Co(II) to be the high-spin and that of Cu(II) forms dimer. The various positions of -OCH3 groups in benzene ring influence some of physicochemical properties of analysed compounds.

Synthesis and magnetic studies of copper(II)-lanthanide(III) 5-bromosalicylideneglycylglycine

The physico-chemical properties of the new 3d-4f heteronuclear complexes with general formula LnCu3(C11H8N2 O4Br)3·13H2O (where Ln = Pr, Eu, Gd, Tb, Er, Yb and H3(C11H8N2 O4Br) - 5-bromosalicylideneglycylglycine) were studied. The compounds were characterized by elemental, spectral and thermal analyses and magnetic measurements. The formation of Schiff base is evidenced by a strong band at ca. 1646-1650 cm-1 attributable to C=N stretching mode. The presence of water molecules is confirmed by broad absorptions with maximum at 3360 - 3368 cm-1. The Cu(II)-Ln(III) complexes are stable up to ca. 318 K. During dehydration process the water molecules are lost probably in two stages. The magnetic susceptibility data for these complexes change with temperature according to the Curie-Weiss law.

Complexes of 4-chlorophenoxyacetates of Nd(III), Gd(III) and Ho(III)

The complexes of 4-chlorophenoxyacetates of Nd(III), Gd(III) and Ho(III) have been synthesized as polycrystalline hydrated solids, and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopy, magnetic studies and also by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric measurements. The analysed complexes have the following colours: violet for Nd(III), white for Gd(III) and cream for Ho(III) compounds. The carboxylate groups bind as bidentate chelating (Ho) or bridging ligands (Nd, Gd). On heating to 1173K in air the complexes decompose in several steps. At first, they dehydrate in one step to form anhydrous salts, that next decompose to the oxides of respective metals. The gaseous products of their thermal decomposition in nitrogen were also determined and the magnetic susceptibilites were measured over the temperature range of 76-303K and the magnetic moments were calculated. The results show that 4-chlorophenoxyacetates of Nd(III), Gd(III) and Ho(III) are high-spin complexes with weak ligand fields. The solubility value in water at 293K for analysed 4-chlorophenoxyacetates is in the order of 10-4mol/dm³.

Synthesis and characterization of Fe(III)-doped ceramic membranes of titanium dioxide and its application in photoelectrocatalysis of a textile dye

Pure and Fe(III)-doped TiO2 suspensions were prepared by the sol gel method with the use of titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OPri)4) as precursor material. The properties of doped materials were compared to TiO2 properties based on the characterization by thermal analysis (TG-DTA and DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry and spectroscopy measurements (FTIR). Both undoped and doped TiO2 suspensions were used to coat metallic substrate as a mean to make thin-film electrodes. Thermal treatment of the precursors at 400ºC for 2 h in air resulted in the formation of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2. The thin-film electrodes were tested with respect to their photocatalytic performance for degradation of a textile dye in aqueous solution. The plain TiO2 remains as the best catalyst at the conditions used in this report.

A difícil arte de "deslizar sobre o mundo" ou Montaigne, um político discreto ("De poupar a própria vontade" - III, 10)

De 1581 a 1585, Montaigne foi prefeito de Bordeaux. Foi acusado por detratores de não se ter aplicado o bastante e de não ter feito nada de marcante durante seus dois mandatos. Ao responder às acusações no ensaio "De poupar a própria vontade" (III, 10), o autor encontra a ocasião para uma crítica das paixões em geral e, em particular, das que pertencem ao contexto político. Isto porque ele visava, com sua aparente falta de aplicação aos deveres de prefeito, evitar a paixão que tantas vezes se oculta por trás do engajamento - a ambição, desejo de honras, glória, renome. Sobretudo, esperava evitar um duplo perigo, ao mesmo tempo ético e político: comprometer a própria liberdade numa busca servil da glória e subordinar o bem coletivo ao interesse pessoal. No presente estudo, procuraremos reconstituir a trama argumentativa do ensaio em questão, acompanhando de perto os argumentos que sustentam a crítica montaigniana das paixões, bem como a terapia muito particular a que o ensaísta as submete, a qual lhe permite fazer do episódio da Mairie de Bordeaux um modelo de conciliação entre o cuidado de si e o cumprimento dos deveres políticos.

Pianokonsertto III op. 46 (1981) : Pianokonsert III op. 46 (1981) = Piano Concerto III op. 46 (1981)

Soitinnus: piano, orkesteri.

Relato de Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HG I em crisântemo (Papiro Branco e Amarelo) e R. solani AG-4 HG III em gipsófila no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, e sua patogenicidade cruzada

Atualmente, grupamento de anastomose (AG) de Rhizoctonia sp. em crisântemo e ocorrência deste fungo em gipsófila ainda não foram relatados no Brasil. Assim, realizou-se teste de patogenicidade normal e cruzada e sequenciamento da região ITS-5.8S rDNA para identificar o AG de isolado obtido de plantas de crisântemo (Papiro Branco) e de gipsófila, ambas originárias de Holambra / São Paulo, Brasil. Após os testes, relata-se pela primeira vez a ocorrência de R. solani AG-4 HG I em crisântemo (Papiro Branco e Amarelo) e R. solani AG-4 HG III em gipsófila, no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, e, também, a sua patogenicidade cruzada.

Basel III -vakavaraisuuskehikon vaikutus investointipankkiin ja sen luottoriskin hallintaan

Tutkielman tavoitteena oli analysoida Basel III -vakavaraisuuskehikon tuomia muutoksia ja niiden vaikutusta yksittäiseen investointipankkiin ja sen luottoriskin hallintaan. Tarkoituksena oli syventyä aiheeseen tarkastelemalla luottoriskin asemaa ja elementtejä, sekä pohtia Basel III -kehikon tuomia muutoksia Basel II -säännöstöön nähden. Empiirisessä osiossa tapaustutkimuksen aineistonkeruumenetelmänä käytettiin puolistrukturoitua haastattelua ja kohdeyrityksenä Evli Pankki Oyj:tä. Basel III -vakavaraisuuskehikon tarkoitus on vahvistaa pankkeja ja korjata sääntelyn puutteita, jotka tulivat esille finanssikriisissä 2007–2009. Luottoriski on pankkitoiminnan merkittävin riski ja sen hallinta on olennainen osa Basel III -kehikkoa. Basel III -säännöstön myötä pankeilla on oltava enemmän omia varoja suhteessa niiden riskipainotettuihin saamisiin. Lisäksi pankeille asetetaan uusia pääomapuskuri- ja maksuvalmiusvaatimuksia, sekä pankkien velkaantumista rajoitetaan uudella vähimmäisomavaraisuusasteella. Basel III -kehikon vaikutukset kohdeyritykseen jäävät vähäisiksi, koska kohdeyrityksen vakavaraisuus ja likviditeetti ovat erittäin hyvällä tasolla. Suurimmat vaikutukset kohdeyritykseen aiheutuvat maksuvalmiusvaatimuksesta (LCR) ja pysyvän varainhankinnan vaatimuksesta (NSFR).

Harvesting and wood transport planning with SNAP III program (Scheduling and Network Analysis Program) in a pine plantation in Southeast Brazil

The objective of this study was to verify the potential of SNAP III (Scheduling and Network Analysis Program) as a support tool for harvesting and wood transport planning in Brazil harvesting subsystem definition and establishment of a compatible route were assessed. Initially, machine operational and production costs were determined in seven subsystems for the study area, and quality indexes, construction and maintenance costs of forest roads were obtained and used as SNAP III program input data. The results showed, that three categories of forest road occurrence were observed in the study area: main, secondary and tertiary which, based on quality index, allowed a medium vehicle speed of about 41, 30 and 24 km/hours and a construction cost of about US$ 5,084.30, US$ 2,275.28 and US$ 1,650.00/km, respectively. The SNAP III program used as a support tool for the planning, was found to have a high potential tool in the harvesting and wood transport planning. The program was capable of defining efficiently, the harvesting subsystem on technical and economical basis, the best wood transport route and the forest road to be used in each period of the horizon planning.

Kommentti Eka Roivaisen artikkeliin suomalaisten WAIS-III normien arvioinnista

Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale (WAIS) III.

Suomalaisten WAIS III normien arviointia

Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale (WAIS) III.

WAIS-III ja sosiaalinen kognitio

Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale (WAIS) III.

Basel III - vakavaraisuussäännöksen kyky ylläpitää pankkien vakavaraisuutta

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli analysoida Basel III- säännöksen ominaisuuksien ja uudistusten riittävyyttä pankkien vakavaraisuuden ylläpitämiseksi. Lähtökohtana tarkasteltiin säännöksen ominaisuuksien parantavaa vaikutusta pankkien vakavaraisuuteen. Tutkimuksessa käsiteltiin myös ominaisuuksia, joilla on pieni tai heikentävä vaikutus pankkien vakavaraisuuteen. Tutkimus toteutettiin laadullisena tapaustutkimuksena. Tutkimusaineisto koostui kuudesta puolistrukturoidusta teemahaastattelusta. Haastateltavina oli pankkien asiantuntijoita sekä finanssialan asiantuntija. Tulokset osoittavat, että Basel III- säännös pitää sisällään hyviä uudistuksia vakavaraisuuden ylläpitämiseksi. Tärkeimpiä ominaisuuksia ovat pankeilta vaaditun oman pääoman merkittävä laadun ja määrän parantuminen, uusia riskejä huomioivat vaateet sekä pankin likviditeettiä tasapainottava pysyvän varainhankinnan vaatimus. Säännöksessä on myös osa-alueita, jotka vaativat kehittämistä. Säännös ei huomioi velkakriisin aiheuttamaa valtionlainoihin liittyvää riskiä ja syklien sääntely on ongelmallista. Säännöksen kokonaisvaikutus on positiivinen ja pankkikriisien todennäköisyys vähenee. Basel III- säännöksen muutokset eivät aikaansaa kuitenkaan kaikkia vaadittuja rakenteellisia muutoksia finanssisektorin koko-naisriskin vähentämiseksi, joten sääntelyn kehittäminen varmasti jatkuu.