O tratamento dos activos biológicos nas microentidades

Dissertação para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças Orientador: Dr. Paulo Filipe Teixeira Aguiar

Aeroporto de Lisboa: acessibilidades à estação de metro "Aeroporto"

O presente relatório enquadra-se no âmbito do Trabalho Final de Mestrado inserido no Mestrado em Engenharia Civil, do perfil de Estruturas, no Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL). Para tal, foi realizado um estágio curricular com a duração de 23 semanas pela empresa BRITALAR – Sociedade de Construções S.A. na obra pública designada por AEROPORTO DE LISBOA – Acessibilidades à Estação do Metro “Aeroporto”, cujo promotor é a ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal S.A., e tendo como grande objectivo a ligação do metropolitano ao aeroporto. Sendo a área de especialização Estruturas, foi definido como meta para o relatório, abordar duas das grandes vertentes da Engenharia Civil, o Dimensionamento e a Construção. Na fase inicial do relatório, mais precisamente no capítulo 2, será feito um enquadramento geral da obra, no qual serão expostos os traços gerais da mesma. No que diz respeito ao Dimensionamento, no capítulo 3 serão apresentados todos os aspectos que serviram de base para efectuar o projecto, como Acções, Combinações de Acções e Materiais, para posteriormente realizar-se a Modelação Estrutural e consequente Dimensionamento Estrutural desenvolvido no capítulo 4. Relativamente à Construção, nos capítulos 5, 6 e 7 será feita uma comparação a vários níveis entre estacas e micro-estacas, abordar-se-á a evolução construtiva ao longo de todo o período do estágio, assim como as problemáticas que assumiram especial relevância no decorrer da execução da obra. Para terminar, o capítulo 8, expõe as principais actividades realizadas enquanto membro estagiário.

Occupational accidents among middle and high school students of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of occupational injuries and identify their risk factors among students in two municipalities. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in public schools of the municipalities of Santo Antonio do Pinhal and Monteiro Lobato, Brazil. A stratified probabilistic sample was drawn from public middle and high schools of the study municipalities. A total of 781 students aged 11 to 19 years participated in the study. Students attending middle and high school answered a comprehensive questionnaire on living and working conditions, as well as aspects of work injuries, and health conditions. Multiple logistic regression models were fitted to estimate risk factors of previous and present occupational injuries. RESULTS: Of 781 students, 604 previously had or currently have jobs and 47% reported previous injuries. Among current workers (n=555), 38% reported injuries on their current job. Risk factors for work injuries with statistically significant odds ratio >2.0 included attending evening school, working as a housekeeper, waiter or brickmaker, and with potentially dangerous machines. CONCLUSIONS: The study results reinforce the need of restricting adolescent work and support communities to implement social promotion programs.

Aedes albopictus may not be vector of dengue virus in human epidemics in Brazil

Over 60,500 dengue cases were reported in the state of Espírito Santo (ES), Brazil, between 1995 and 1998. The study's purpose was to identify whether Aedes albopictus was transmitting the dengue virus during an epidemic in the locality of Vila Bethânia (Viana County),Vitória, ES. From April 3 to 9, 1998, blood and serum samples were collected daily for virus isolation and serological testing. Four autochthonous cases were confirmed through DEN 1 virus isolation and two autochthonous cases through MAC ELISA testing. Of 37 Ae. aegypti and 200 Ae. albopictus adult mosquitoes collected and inoculated, DEN1 virus was isolated only from a pool of two Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes. The study results suggest that Ae. albopictus still cannot be considered an inter-human vector in dengue epidemics in Brazil.

Saúde auditiva de trabalhadores expostos a ruído e inseticidas

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações auditivas periféricas em um grupo de trabalhadores exposto a inseticidas, organofosforados e piretróides, utilizados em campanhas de controle de vetores. MÉTODOS: Estudo de prevalência de uma população de 98 indivíduos que pulverizavam venenos nas campanhas de prevenção do dengue, da febre amarela e da doença de Chagas. A amostra foi de tipo finalística, considerando o universo dos trabalhadores de um distrito sanitário, em Pernambuco, no ano de 2000. Utilizou-se questionário contendo questões de identificação de riscos ocupacional e não ocupacional, medidas de segurança utilizadas, antecedentes de problemas auditivos e sintomas referidos. Foi investigada a historia pregressa de exposição ao ruído, por ser um fator de confusão para a perda auditiva. Todos os indivíduos foram avaliados pelo teste de audiometria tonal. RESULTADOS: Dos expostos apenas aos inseticidas, 63,8% apresentaram perda auditiva. Para o grupo com exposição concomitantemente aos inseticidas e ao ruído, a perda auditiva foi de 66,7%. O tempo mediano para o desenvolvimento de alterações auditivas nas freqüências médias altas, para as exposições combinadas de inseticidas e ruído, foi de 3,4 anos e para as exposições apenas aos inseticidas foi de 7,3 anos. A perda auditiva para as exposições concomitantes aos dois fatores foi de maior intensidade nessas freqüências, do que o observado na exposição apenas aos inseticidas. CONCLUSÕES: Há evidência de que a exposição aos inseticidas induz dano auditivo periférico e que o ruído é um fator que interage com os inseticidas, potencializando seus efeitos ototóxicos. Faz-se necessário avaliar essa possível associação através de estudos epidemiológicos de caráter analítico.

Gestão estratégica: balanced scorecard para uma entidade hospitalar

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças Orientador: Doutora Cláudia Maria Ferreira Pereira Lopes

Usefulness of corneal esthesiometry for screening diabetic retinopathy

OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of corneal esthesiometry for screening diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out comprising 575 patients attending a diabetic retinopathy-screening program in the city of São Paulo. Corneal esthesiometry was assessed with the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. The presence of diabetic retinopathy was detected with indirect fundoscopy. The validity of corneal esthesiometry in identifying diabetic retinopathy was evaluated by the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity analyses of the corneal esthesiometry for detecting the stages of diabetic retinopathy using different cut-offs showed values less than 80%. The best indices (72.2% sensitivity and 57.4% specificity) were obtained for the identification of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS: In the study series, corneal esthesiometry was not a good indicator of diabetic retinopathy.

Mortalidade infantil no Brasil em períodos recentes de crise econômica

OBJETIVO: Analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade infantil no Brasil em um período recente (1980 a 1998) de crise econômica. MÉTODOS: Estudo de série temporal tendo o Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde, Fundação IBGE e Fundação Nacional de Saúde como fontes de dados. Pela modelagem Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) descreveram-se parâmetros da série e, com coeficientes de correlação de Spearman, avaliou-se a associação entre coeficiente de mortalidade infantil e alguns determinantes. RESULTADOS A mortalidade infantil apresentou tendência decrescente (-59,3%) e forte correlação com a maioria dos indicadores analisados. Todavia, apenas as correlações entre coeficiente de mortalidade infantil e taxa de fecundidade total (e taxa de natalidade) diferiram significantemente de uma década para outra. CONCLUSÕES: A variação da fecundidade foi a principal responsável pela persistência do declínio da mortalidade infantil nos anos oitenta. No período seguinte, aqueles relacionados às condições de vida, principalmente, à atenção à saúde, talvez tenham sido mais importantes.

Patching up dipoles: can dipolar particles be viewed as patchy colloids?

We investigate whether the liquid-vapour phase transition of strongly dipolar fluids can be understood using a model of patchy colloids. These consist of hard spherical particles with three short-ranged attractive sites (patches) on their surfaces. Two of the patches are of type A and one is of type B. Patches A on a particle may bond either to a patch A or to a patch B on another particle. Formation of an AA (AB) bond lowers the energy by epsilon AA (epsilon AB). In the limit [image omitted], this patchy model exhibits condensation driven by AB-bonds (Y-junctions). Y-junctions are also present in low-density, strongly dipolar fluids, and have been conjectured to play a key role in determining their critical behaviour. We map the dipolar Yukawa hard-sphere (DYHS) fluid onto this 2A + 1B patchy model by requiring that the latter reproduce the correct DYHS critical point as a function of the isotropic interaction strength epsilon Y. This is achieved for sensible values of epsilon AB and the bond volumes. Results for the internal energy and the particle coordination number are in qualitative agreement with simulations of DYHSs. Finally, by taking the limit [image omitted], we arrive at a new estimate for the critical point of the dipolar hard-sphere fluid, which agrees with extrapolations from simulation.

Re-entrant phase behaviour of network fluids: A patchy particle model with temperature-dependent valence

We study a model consisting of particles with dissimilar bonding sites ("patches"), which exhibits self-assembly into chains connected by Y-junctions, and investigate its phase behaviour by both simulations and theory. We show that, as the energy cost epsilon(j) of forming Y-junctions increases, the extent of the liquid-vapour coexistence region at lower temperatures and densities is reduced. The phase diagram thus acquires a characteristic "pinched" shape in which the liquid branch density decreases as the temperature is lowered. To our knowledge, this is the first model in which the predicted topological phase transition between a fluid composed of short chains and a fluid rich in Y-junctions is actually observed. Above a certain threshold for epsilon(j), condensation ceases to exist because the entropy gain of forming Y-junctions can no longer offset their energy cost. We also show that the properties of these phase diagrams can be understood in terms of a temperature-dependent effective valence of the patchy particles. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3605703]

Reentrant Phase Diagram of Network Fluids

We introduce a microscopic model for particles with dissimilar patches which displays an unconventional "pinched'' phase diagram, similar to the one predicted by Tlusty and Safran in the context of dipolar fluids [Science 290, 1328 (2000)]. The model-based on two types of patch interactions, which account, respectively, for chaining and branching of the self-assembled networks-is studied both numerically via Monte Carlo simulations and theoretically via first-order perturbation theory. The dense phase is rich in junctions, while the less-dense phase is rich in chain ends. The model provides a reference system for a deep understanding of the competition between condensation and self-assembly into equilibrium-polymer chains.

Increase of the delivered energy probability in DES using a fuzzy probabilistic modeling

The paper proposes a methodology to increase the probability of delivering power to any load point by identifying new investments in distribution energy systems. The proposed methodology is based on statistical failure and repair data of distribution components and it uses a fuzzy-probabilistic modeling for the components outage parameters. The fuzzy membership functions of the outage parameters of each component are based on statistical records. A mixed integer nonlinear programming optimization model is developed in order to identify the adequate investments in distribution energy system components which allow increasing the probability of delivering power to any customer in the distribution system at the minimum possible cost for the system operator. To illustrate the application of the proposed methodology, the paper includes a case study that considers a 180 bus distribution network.

Wrinkling Labyrinth Patterns on Elastomeric Janus Particles

We describe a novel, low-cost and low-tech method for the fabrication of elastomeric Janus particles with diameters ranging from micrometers to millimeters. This consists of UV-irradiating soft urethane/urea elastomer spheres, which are then extracted in toluene and dried. The spheres are thus composed of a single material: no coating or film deposition steps are required. Furthermore, the whole procedure is carried out at ambient temperature and pressure. Long, labyrinthine corrugations ("wrinkles") appear on the irradiated portions of the particles' surfaces, the spatial periodicity of which can be controlled by varying the sizes of particles. The asymmetric morphology of the resulting Janus particles has been confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and optical microscopy. We have also established that the spheres behave elastically by performing bouncing tests with dried and swollen spheres. Results can be interpreted by assuming that each sphere consists of a thin, stiff surface layer ("skin") lying atop a thicker, softer substrate ("bulk"). The skin's higher stiffness is hypothesized to result from the more extensive cross-linking of the polymer chains located near the surface by the UV radiation. Textures then arise from competition between the effects of bending the skin and compressing the bulk, as the solvent evaporates and the sphere shrinks.

Avaliação da distribuição de dose no CTV-PTV através de imagem guiada em doentes com carcinoma da próstata

Mestrado em Radioterapia.

Proteção radiológica em mamografia

Mestrado em Radiações Aplicadas às Tecnologias da Saúde. Área de especialização: Proteção contra Radiações.