Inovação pedagógica: o uso de TIC na inclusão sócio-laborativa de pessoa com necessidade especial

A escola é um local de ensino e de aprendizagem. Ao mesmo tempo, em que representa um passo na vida democrática, na busca por uma convivência solidária, participativa, bem como tolerante. A escola por mais que tenha se modernizado, ainda encontra-se muito aquém de se assumir como algo moderno, evoluído. A educação da Pessoa com Necessidade Especial (PNE) vem sofrendo ao longo de todo o processo histórico uma série de modificações. É possível alavancar a construção do conhecimento dessa população. O modelo de inclusão apregoado pelos documentos oficiais encontra-se muito distante de uma base inclusiva. A escola deve se transformar para acolher essa população. O que temos acompanhado é a difícil construção de uma educação e de uma sociedade inclusiva. O uso da Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) representa hoje um grande passo para a PNE, pois ao usar essa tecnologia dentro do processo de aprendizagem é possível fazer com que a mesma seja um fator para alavancar o processo de construção do conhecimento dessa população. A Educação Inclusiva é um processo em que se amplia a participação de todos os alunos que estão inseridos dentro do ensino regular. O processo de inclusão não pode ser visto como algo pronto e acabado. Pelo contrário, tem de ser trabalhado em todas as áreas da sociedade. Onde cada ser humano possa contemplar o outro como uma pessoa com que é detentor de habilidades, potencialidades independentemente de suas limitações físicas, cognitivas entre outras. A metodologia de base qualitativa toma a pesquisa etnográfica como caminho. Entendemos que dentro de uma abordagem etnográfica, o pesquisador faz parte do universo abordado. A pesquisa foi realizada na Casa da Esperança, no período de Agosto a Outubro de 2014. Foram selecionados 10 (dez) participantes na qual foram contactados os responsáveis pelos mesmos, onde explicamos o teor do estudo. A pesquisa se deu no horário em que os alunos estavam no seu local de estudo. A pesquisa foi composta por dois Questionários A e B, contendo cada um 09 (nove) questões, onde tudo foi acompanhado através do Diário de Bordo.

Stresse, coping e engagement em docentes da educação especial da RAM

Os problemas referentes à profissão constituem uma preocupação constante de todos os trabalhadores, de tal modo que os agentes de stresse no trabalho são objeto, cada vez mais, de importância reconhecida pelos pesquisadores, pelos profissionais e pelas instituições. No que concerne à docência, esta é considerada uma profissão de alto risco mental e físico. Este estudo objetiva analisar a relação entre stresse, coping e engagement em docentes da educação especial da RAM. Sessenta e dois docentes da educação especial responderam ao Questionário de dados sociodemográficos e profissionais, ao Questionário de Stresse nos Professores (QSP), ao Coping Job Scale (CJS) e Escala de Avaliação do Engagement (UWES). Os resultados revelam que 40.4% dos professores percecionam a profissão como muito stressante e exigente. Indicam que as principais fontes de stresse são o trabalho burocrático/administrativo, o estatuto da carreira docente e as pressões de tempo/excesso de trabalho; que as estratégias mais utilizadas para lidarem com o stresse são as estratégias de controlo/confronto; que o vigor corresponde ao nível de engagement mais elevado. Apontam correlações significativas e positivas entre o nível geral de stresse, as dimensões do QSP, as estratégias de controlo/confronto e as dimensões do engagement; e indicam a absorção e a dedicação como preditores do stresse docente (R2 = 46.7). Não mostram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais e as subescalas das variáveis em estudo. Sugere-se a aplicação de programas de intervenção para a promoção do bem-estar entre os professores da educação especial.

Impactos da adoção de sistemas de informação no judiciário: pesquisa com usuários do sistema processual virtual em um juizado especial federal

The Information Technology (IT) is increasing his applicability to business, both private and public companies. It is necessary the adequate use of the new technologies and get cooperation and technology acceptance of the system. People tend to resist to the changes, contributing so that the technology is rejected or even it is not recognized as promoting of the changes. This study is relevant and aim to evaluate the impacts of new technologies, considering their users as fundamental factors in the change process. The survey analyzed the advantages and the barriers of the system use in three federal special judicial of Rio Grande do Norte, with data collected in May of 2007, through the application of questionnaires to thirty eight users of the virtual system CRETA. The users' perception was evaluated, under the optics of five variables: efficiency, image, agility, ease of use and quality. Starting from the obtained results, it was evidenced that the implementation of the system felt accordingly the expected and it reached the objectives intended that were: the velocity and efficiency in the path of the lawsuits, larger productivity, resulting in a better quality of the final work introduced to the citizen and proportionate an improvement in the organizational image of the judiciary power

Do acesso clássico à comercialização: especificidades do mercado imobiliário informal na área especial de interesse social de Mãe Luiza, Natal/ RN.

This study presents research regarding affordable housing and their effects on the spatial reconfiguration of Natal/ RN, aiming to identify the specificities of the informality of urban land. This study aims to understand how informal housing market operates housing provision for the population located in popular informal settlements, through buying and selling market and rental market of residential properties irregular / illegal. This understanding will be through the neighborhood of Mãe Luisa, Special Area of Social Interest (SASI), located between neighborhoods with a population of high purchasing power and inserted into the tourist shaft of seaside of town. The characterization of informal housing market in Mãe Luiza, from buyers, sellers and renters, will help to understand how these informal transactions operate on SASI and housing provision for public policy development and implementation of housing programs and land regularization for low-income population, adequate to dynamic and reality of housing of informal areas

Política de formação de professores: uma leitura a partir da análise do programa especial de formação de professores para a educação básica PROEB/UFMA

Study of Teacher Education Policy: a reading from the analysis of Programa Especial de Formação de Professores para a Educação Básica Proeb - aims to analyze the initial teacher training developed by the Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA. Proeb is a policy of in-service training of teachers, formulated and implemented in the context of current educational policies for basic education. This work assumes that the guidelines developed in the last decades of the twentieth century are linked to international organizations that spread in Latin America continent a homogeneous model of training which has as main features to be held in service through the mode the distance and the school as a leading locus. In Brazil, these guidelines are supported on the Law of Directives and Bases of National Education No. 9.394/96 and Report 09/2001, which deals with the Syllabus Guidelines for the formation of Basic Education Teachers. To carry out the study was taken as reference, the syllabus developed for the deployment of Proeb from 1998 to 2002, specifically the proposal operationalized in the Degree Course of Mathematics in the city of Vitória do Mearim in Maranhão. To conduct the study, it was used literature as a way to deepen understanding, clarify and aim the conceptual aspect of the object researched. The documental research was consisted in the analysis of legal documents concerning the reform of education policies, teacher training and pedagogical project Proeb/UFMA and, finally, the semi-structured interviews were used to allow a better understanding of the subjects involved with research. The data analysis has shown that the curriculum designed to operationalize the course of undergraduate mathematics Proeb/UFMA, despite having guidelines that point to the separation of theory/practice dichotomy and establish as a principle work as an educational principle, has an disciplinary curriculum organization that reinforces the instrumental view of the syllabus, not enabling in practice, the execution of their initial proposal. Concerning to the view of graduates on the course, they highlight the weaknesses of the course, but also evidence that it has allowed an improvement of initial training, through the disciplines of the common core syllabus of courses and special training. It is possible seeing in graduates words, that the course have had repercussions in their teaching and improving their integration into the labor market and in the community of Vitória do Mearim. Overall, these developments have indicated evidence of teacher professionalization, although they are incipient. The work has shown that for the professionalization of teachers is introduced, the syllabus of undergraduate teacher education must overcome the traditional view of syllabus and implement contextualized curricula in a multidisciplinary approach involving, in equal proportions, the general education and training specific course. Accordingly, it is believed in need to review the role of the University in the formative process, as well as recovering as part of educational policies, the omnilateral size of teacher education

Desenvolvimento de um modelo computacional para a ampliação do atendimento do Programa de Acessibilidade Especial Porta a Porta - PRAE

Worldwide, the demand for transportation services for persons with disabilities, the elderly, and persons with reduced mobility have increased in recent years. The population is aging, governments need to adapt to this reality, and this fact could mean business opportunities for companies. Within this context is inserted the Programa de Acessibilidade Especial porta a porta PRAE, a door to door public transportation service from the city of Natal-RN in Brazil. The research presented in this dissertation seeks to develop a programming model which can assist the process of decision making of managers of the shuttle. To that end, it was created an algorithm based on methods of generating approximate solutions known as heuristics. The purpose of the model is to increase the number of people served by the PRAE, given the available fleet, generating optimized schedules routes. The PRAE is a problem of vehicle routing and scheduling of dial-a-ride - DARP, the most complex type among the routing problems. The validation of the method of resolution was made by comparing the results derived by the model and the currently programming method. It is expected that the model is able to increase the current capacity of the service requests of transport

Diagnóstco geoambiental e avaliação de uso e ocupação do campo de dunas da zona especial de interesse turístco II (ZET-II) Natal/RN

The accelerated pressure of use and occupation of Rio Grande do Norte coastline in the last two decades presented the tourism as its main vector, having as a consequence a strong, articulated and growing real estate speculation of this area. In the Natal County there is a Zona Especial de Interesse Turistico II (Special Zone of Tourism Interest II) (ZET-II), consisted of urban beaches with approximately 8.5 km that is an important seashore of the city. The purpose of this research was identification, characterization and assessment of the process of use and occupation of dunes fields emphasizing the role of ZET-II, whereas the specific goals was the analysis of weather, geology and geomorphology, characterization of use and occupation of soil, and elaboration of an environmental diagnosis with identification and description of its mains consequences. The result of this work was the delineation of geologic-geomorphological map of the area with identification of principals units, determining its use and occupation, the measurement of the area already occupied by equipments, besides the description of the environmental impacts on dune fields: devastation, coastline erosion, ocean pollution by sewer and pluvial waters, contamination of groundwater, distribution inadequate of solid residues, landscape degradation, and occupation of seashore through the privatization of public areas. Concluding that the degrading changes occurred in this areas are resulting from the nature of use and urban seashore regulations, which have been diminishing the natural aspect, altering the landscape definitely, compromising the quality of hydro resources and altering its use, privatizing the areas between tides, complicating the population access and obstructing the scenery visualization of dunes and ocean. There is an urgent necessity of improvement of public politics in order to improve the strategies and organization of use and occupation of space urban-coastline

Intervenção reflexiva: instrumento de formação continuada do educador especial

O presente artigo busca demonstrar a ocorrência de mudanças na prática pedagógica de uma professora, durante o período em que se fez a reflexão teórico-metodológica sobre essa prática, à luz de proposições da Psicologia sócio-histórica. Foram realizados 20 encontros reflexivos com uma professora da Educação Especial, a partir da análise de gravações das situações ocorridas em sala de aula. As discussões promovidas compreendiam aspectos relacionados ao processo de ensino e de aprendizagem na atividade docente. Foram examinadas as locuções verbais da professora e observaram-se indícios de mudança no que se refere ao foco de atenção, quando ela analisa seus problemas pedagógicos, na consideração da multideterminação dos problemas de ensino e aprendizagem, na concepção de aluno, no método de ensino, no estabelecimento e valorização da relação professor-aluno e da interação de alunos. Os resultados obtidos sinalizaram que a interação reflexiva mostrou-se um instrumento útil para a formação continuada de professores.

O psicólogo na proteção social especial: atuação junto às vítimas de violação de direitos no CREAS

The objective of this research was to investigate psychologist‟s practices at the Reference Specialized Center of Social Assistance (CREAS), special social care unit of medium complexity of the Unique System of Social Assistance (SUAS). With the creation of CREAS occurred the reorganization of specialized services and programs which were scattered within the socialassitantial network and began to be part of this center, creating a mosaic of actions directed to people with their rights violated. At the same time, there was a significant arrival of psychologists to the field of Social Assistance and their questioning facing specialized social demands and the (un)definitions of SUAS‟ policy concerning to special social protection. Was aimed in this research to investigate how psychologist‟s practices are developed at CREAS using semi-structured interviews and following the practices developed by three psychologists at a CREAS in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), indicated by the Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger (MDS) as one of the national references in 2008. It was highlighted a complex work field, which is delineated between the user´s rights perspective and the maintenance of historical difficulties concerning to the Social Assistance. In which the professional is requested to act toward the fight against rights violation, but does not find a field where is possible inter-sector and articulated work, in addition of being exposed to the precariousness of work and the weakness of employment ties, associated to the lack of formation to work in the area. Accordingly, there is still a range of challenges to psychologists in the building of a profession which confront risk situations and break off rights violation.