What is the best additive to use at the ensiling of sugarcane SP81-3250?

Our objective was to determine the best additive to use for the ensiling of sugarcane SP81-3250 based on the nutritional properties and aerobic stability of the silages. The additives evaluated were (1) and (2): salt (NaCl) at rates of 1.0 or 2.0 kg/100 kg fresh sugarcane (as-is basis), respectively; (3) and (4): quicklime (CaO) at rates of 1.0 or 2.0 kg/100 kg fresh sugarcane, respectively; (5) and (6): commercial inoculants Silobac (R) and Maize All (R); and a control treatment. The addition of quicklime reduced the NDF and ADF contents of the silages by 11% compared with the control treatment, but did not increase the digestibility. On the other hand, after 24 h of in vitro fermentation, the application of 1.0 and 2.0% salt reduced the gas production by 34.15 and 33.55 mL/g OM, respectively, and the IVOMD was reduced 5.74 and 5.90%, respectively, compared with the untreated silage. Moreover, the addition of quicklime elevated the pH of the sugarcane silages, with a trend towards an increase in the DM recovery. In contrast, the bacterial inoculants did not alter the pH values, but there was an upward trend for a DM recovery. After the silos were opened, the silages that were treated with salt (independent of the dose) and 1.0% quicklime exhibited greater stability. We recommend applying 1.0 kg of quicklime to each 100 kg of sugarcane at the time of ensiling to improve the nutritional characteristics of sugarcane silage variety SP81-3250.

Estabilidade sagital da condiloplastia associada à cirurgia ortognática para o tratamento do osteocondroma mandibular

The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of the conservative condylectomy technique and articular disc repositioning as the surgical treatment approach for management of mandibular condylar osteochondroma, with appropriate Orthognathic surgery. Fifteen patients (12 females and 3 males), average age of 32.3 years (range, 13 to 56 years), with unilateral active osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle were analyzed. All patients underwent conservative condylectomy, recontouring of the remaining condylar neck stump and articular disc repositioned and indicated orthognatic surgical procedures. Average post surgical follow-up was 19 months. Each patient's lateral cephalograms were traced at 3 intervals (presurgery, immediate post surgery and long-term follow-up). Immediate after surgery the oclusal plane angle decreased -2.8 ± 4.5o, the maxillomandibular complex rotated counter-clockwise with advancement at menton 5.3 ± 5.6 mm, pogonion 5.0 ± 5.1 mm, B point 3.4 ± 4.2 mm and A point 1.0 ± 1.5 mm. The long-term follow-up showed significant changes in overbite (-0.6 ± 0.5 mm) and SNGoMe (0,93° ± 1,53°). Horizontally and vertically small instabilities occurred in Me (-1.21 ± 1.94 mm) and PNS (-1.48 ± 1.67 mm) respectively. The treatment protocol studied produced counterclockwise rotation and maxillofacial mandibular advancement. The long-term follow-up showed solid dental and skeletal stability with horizontal instability of Me and PNS in the vertical direction.

Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral or Autologous Bone at Dehiscence Type Defects at Implants Installed Immediately into Extraction Sockets: An Experimental Study in Dogs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Essential oils from herbs against foodborne pathogens in chicken sausage

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The response to dietary threonine in laying-type pullets during growth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protein and energy requirements of castrated male Saanen goats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Lycopene supplementation reduces TNF-alpha via RAGE in the kidney of obese rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Terapia gênica com interferon-alfa no controle do câncer colorretal

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Atividades de educação em saúde sobre leishmaniose visceral para escolares

This study aimed at evaluating the knowledge on visceral leishmaniasis gained after the application of an educative project for the 6th and 7th grade students from three public schools of Birigui, SP, Brazil. A questionnaire before (Phase I) and after (Phase II) activities that comprehended one conference by a health agent, a comic contest and one crossword about VL was used to measure scholar’s knowledge. We interviewed 711 students in Phase I and 693 in Phase II. A criterion of VL knowledge was adopted as “Good”, “Medium” and “Bad” when, out of 10 questions analyzed by Item Response Theory, 10 to 8, 7 to 4, and 3 to 0 were right, respectively. We observed a statistically significant increase in the students’ knowledge level after the educational project, since the number of students with “Good” concept changed from 35.7% (Phase I) to 59.7% (Phase II). The educational activities carried out led to gains in knowledge among students suggesting that continuing education can bring good results to public health.

Variáveis determinantes do desempenho em provas de curta duração em nadadores masters

Twenty-four masters swimmers participated in the study (42.0 ± 7.4 years, 1.74 ± 0.09 m, 74.8 ± 14.1 kg). Countermovement jump (CMJ) and 3 kg medicinal ball throwing (BM) were performed. At a 25 m swimming pool, each subject completed a maximal 50 m front crawl swim with in water start, 25 and 50 m performances (T25, T50) were recorded. Anaerobic critical velocity (AnCV) was determined by the slope of the distance-time relationship (Dd-t) in the two swimming distances. T25 and T50 (respectively 19.0 ± 2.7-sec and 38.8 ± 6.4-sec) were correlated with CMJ (27.2 ± 5.0 m) (respectively, r = -0.78 and -0.73, p < 0.01), and BM (4.3 ± 1.0 m) (r = -0.68 and - 0.58, p < 0.01). AnCV25,50 (1.31 ± 0.23 m.s-1 ) was correlated with T25 (r = -0.92, p < 0.01 ) and T50 (r = -0.98, p < 0.01). The strength parameters turn out to be important in aquatic performance in masters swimmers and AnCV may be relevant in the training of masters swimmers.

Saúde bucal e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral e Síndrome de Down: percepção dos cuidadores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Microbiological quality and safety of minimally processed vegetables marketed in Campinas, SP-Brazil, as assessed by traditional and alternative methods

In this study, a total of 172 samples of minimally processed vegetables (MPV) were collected from supermarkets in the city of Campinas, Brazil. The MPV were analyzed using traditional and/or alternative methods for total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliforms, Escherichia coil, coagulase positive staphylococci, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes. All the MPV analyzed presented populations of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms and total coliforms were >4 log(10) CFU/g and 1.0-3.4 log(10) CFU/g, respectively. E. coil was enumerated in only 10 samples out of 172 collected, while none of the 172 samples of MPV presented contamination by coagulase positive Staphylococcus (<10(1) CFU/g). Among the four methods used for detection of Salmonella in MPV (Vidas, 1,2 Test, Reveal, and Traditional), when Reveal was used a total of 29 positive samples were reported. For L monocytogenes, the four methods tested (Vidas, Vip, Reveal, and traditional) performed similarly. The presence of Salmonella and L monocytogenes in MPV was confirmed in one (watercress) and two samples (watercress and escarole), respectively. In conclusion, it has been observed that the microbiological quality of MPV commercialized in Campinas is generally satisfactory. Besides, the choice of microbiological method should be based not only on resource and time issues, but also on parameters such as sensitivity and specificity for the specific foods under ahalysis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Examination of the performance of different pointwise linear regression progression criteria to detect glaucomatous visual field change

Background: We aimed to investigate the performance of five different trend analysis criteria for the detection of glaucomatous progression and to determine the most frequently and rapidly progressing locations of the visual field. Design: Retrospective cohort. Participants or Samples: Treated glaucoma patients with =8 Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm (SITA)-standard 24-2 visual field tests. Methods: Progression was determined using trend analysis. Five different criteria were used: (A) =1 significantly progressing point; (B) =2 significantly progressing points; (C) =2 progressing points located in the same hemifield; (D) at least two adjacent progressing points located in the same hemifield; (E) =2 progressing points in the same Garway-Heath map sector. Main Outcome Measures: Number of progressing eyes and false-positive results. Results: We included 587 patients. The number of eyes reaching a progression endpoint using each criterion was: A = 300 (51%); B = 212 (36%); C = 194 (33%); D = 170 (29%); and E = 186 (31%) (P = 0.03). The numbers of eyes with positive slopes were: A = 13 (4.3%); B = 3 (1.4%); C = 3 (1.5%); D = 2 (1.1%); and E = 3 (1.6%) (P = 0.06). The global slopes for progressing eyes were more negative in Groups B, C and D than in Group A (P = 0.004). The visual field locations that progressed more often were those in the nasal field adjacent to the horizontal midline. Conclusions: Pointwise linear regression criteria that take into account the retinal nerve fibre layer anatomy enhances the specificity of trend analysis for the detection glaucomatous visual field progression.

Size distributions and temporal variations of biological aerosol particles in the Amazon rainforest characterized by microscopy and real-time UV-APS fluorescence techniques during AMAZE-08

As a part of the AMAZE-08 campaign during the wet season in the rainforest of central Amazonia, an ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer (UV-APS) was operated for continuous measurements of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAP). In the coarse particle size range (> 1 mu m) the campaign median and quartiles of FBAP number and mass concentration were 7.3x10(4) m(-3) (4.0-13.2x10(4) m(-3)) and 0.72 mu g m(-3) (0.42-1.19 mu g m(-3)), respectively, accounting for 24% (11-41%) of total particle number and 47% (25-65%) of total particle mass. During the five-week campaign in February-March 2008 the concentration of coarse-mode Saharan dust particles was highly variable. In contrast, FBAP concentrations remained fairly constant over the course of weeks and had a consistent daily pattern, peaking several hours before sunrise, suggesting observed FBAP was dominated by nocturnal spore emission. This conclusion was supported by the consistent FBAP number size distribution peaking at 2.3 mu m, also attributed to fungal spores and mixed biological particles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy and biochemical staining. A second primary biological aerosol particle (PBAP) mode between 0.5 and 1.0 mu m was also observed by SEM, but exhibited little fluorescence and no true fungal staining. This mode may have consisted of single bacterial cells, brochosomes, various fragments of biological material, and small Chromalveolata (Chromista) spores. Particles liquid-coated with mixed organic-inorganic material constituted a large fraction of observations, and these coatings contained salts likely from primary biological origin. We provide key support for the suggestion that real-time laser-induce fluorescence (LIF) techniques using 355 nm excitation provide size-resolved concentrations of FBAP as a lower limit for the atmospheric abundance of biological particles in a pristine environment. We also show some limitations of using the instrument for ambient monitoring of weakly fluorescent particles < 2 mu m. Our measurements confirm that primary biological particles, fungal spores in particular, are an important fraction of supermicron aerosol in the Amazon and that may contribute significantly to hydrological cycling, especially when coated by mixed inorganic material.

Trial of Experimental Toothpastes Regarding Quality for Cleaning Dentures

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of experimental toothpastes for removing denture biofilm by means of a randomized crossover trial. Thirty volunteers brushed their dentures using a brush and four pastes: (1) Corega refreshing mint (control), (2)0.2% chloramine T, (3)1.0% chloramine T, and (4) 0.01% fluorosurfactant. Each paste was used for 7 days, and participants were randomized to use them according to one of four sequences. Biofilm was disclosed (neutral red) after each period, photographed, and quantified by means of a software program. All experimental toothpastes were similar to the control in terms of posttreatment biofilm coverage. Int J Prosthodont 2012;25:157-159.