A caricatura política na concepção libertária do periódico A Plebe (1947-1949)

This article discusses the meanings of imagistic representations (drawings, cartoons) published in A Plebe (The Plebs), from May 1947 to May 1949, the last period of the Edgard Leuenroth’s headship. Created in 1917, the newspaper, supported by libertarian principles, set up as a public sphere suited for the proletarian world because of discussing the problems that workers were facing in their daily lives. The paper printed whipping criticisms against the country's elites and fought, without respite, the capitalist system – qualified as parasitic, violent and expropriator –, supported by mystifying and equally violent enactments from its religious arm, expressed in the actions of the Catholic Church and whose struggle against was also systematic.

Multidisciplinary approach in the teaching of dental sculpture and anatomy

The purpose of the Dental Sculpture and Anatomy discipline is to introduce undergraduate students to the study of the anatomic and morphological characteristics of permanent and primary human dentition, through classes, books and cognitive and psychomotor activities. This discipline supports the teaching of specific knowledge necessary for a more extensive education, involving interdisciplinarity as a means of knowledge exchange among several areas of dentistry, to achieve comprehensive professional education. Students must recognize the dental morphology from samples of preserved teeth, and reproduce the morphology through three-dimensional models made of stone or wax blocks. In this article, the authors describe the process for producing teeth collars and macro dental models made of stone, their importance and benefits of utilization. The purpose of the study was to encourage the teaching of Dental Sculpture and Anatomy toundergraduate students of the Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, through activities that would associate theory, practice and the development of manual skills.

A oposição da Igreja Católica à ordem jurídica republicana: o pensamento teológico-político de D. Adauto Aurélio de Miranda Henriques (1894-1935)

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Catequese especial: uma experiência inclusiva

The aim of this paper is to present an experience of inclusion of individuals with mental disabilities in a religious community in the city of Londrina, north Paraná state. Called here Special Catechesis this was an evangelizing held inside a Catholic Church with the mental disabilities people The project, which five years and five classes per year, allowed the development of a pedagogical action with goals of evangelization and catechesis, where all people were successful. It was also an action to raise the consciousness among parents of these children in order to allow their children could participate in the project. Special Catechesis was evaluated for us as significant experience because it allowed a relative and positive inclusion of the classes in religious and social activities of the local community.

Do sagrado ao secular: a contribuição do saber médico para a construção dos cemitérios oitocentistas

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Resgates e abandonos do passado na prática musical litúrgica católica no Brasil entre os pontificados de Pio X e Bento XVI (1903-2013)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Banco do Vaticano: uma análise econômico-financeira

This thesis work aims to bring a better viewing on an atypical case of financial analysis. The lstituto per le Opere di Religione (IOR), commonly known as the Vatican Bank, has peculiarities according to its goals as a bank. Belonging to a Catholic religious congregation, IOR has been used to manage the resources of the church, and ensure that these resources are used for the operation of it and, also for religious works. However the financial transactions made by the bank remained secret throughout its existence until mid 2012. This feature of not providing relevant information at the local and international community brought harm. Several cases of corruption and money laundering came up, bringing scandals that cause bad looks for the religious entity. In order to interact with the international community and understanding the importance of it, the Roman Apostolic Catholic Church decides to joing the international accounting procedures (IFRS) and went on to provide yearly financial statement reports and other information from its bank from 2012 . Thus, this thesis work takes on the role of analyzing the financial statements of the IOR and present its economic and financial health from the Capital Structure ratios, liquidity and profitability in the period 2012-2014. Overall, there has been a significant reduction in indebtedness 548% in 2012 to 362% in 2014. However, such an index showing is still high. In addition, the debt profile remained bad (87.47% short-term in 2014). The Liquidity ratios, both indices fell during the analysed period. Noteworthy is that even with retractions, the indices are equal or greater than 1, which indicates financial footing able to pay off debts. Regarding profitability, in 2013 it represented atypical moment, considering the economic performance of the IOR in the investigated period. There was decrease in profits this year, which resulted in great loss of the indicators in 2013. For the previous and subsequent...

Bond Family Papers - Accession 809

The Bond Family Papers includes biographical and genealogical information, correspondence, legal documents, financial papers, records relating to the Bond Bicycle shop, photographs, certificates, scrapbooks, memorabilia, maps, newspapers, magazines, and music sheets. There are also papers relating to the Cantwell family, deaths of various family members, travel, Winthrop College, the Internal Revenue Service, interior decorating, clubs and organizations, and the Roman Catholic Church.

Structure-semantics interplay in complex networks and its effects on the predictability of similarity in texts

The classification of texts has become a major endeavor with so much electronic material available, for it is an essential task in several applications, including search engines and information retrieval. There are different ways to define similarity for grouping similar texts into clusters, as the concept of similarity may depend on the purpose of the task. For instance, in topic extraction similar texts mean those within the same semantic field, whereas in author recognition stylistic features should be considered. In this study, we introduce ways to classify texts employing concepts of complex networks, which may be able to capture syntactic, semantic and even pragmatic features. The interplay between various metrics of the complex networks is analyzed with three applications, namely identification of machine translation (MT) systems, evaluation of quality of machine translated texts and authorship recognition. We shall show that topological features of the networks representing texts can enhance the ability to identify MT systems in particular cases. For evaluating the quality of MT texts, on the other hand, high correlation was obtained with methods capable of capturing the semantics. This was expected because the golden standards used are themselves based on word co-occurrence. Notwithstanding, the Katz similarity, which involves semantic and structure in the comparison of texts, achieved the highest correlation with the NIST measurement, indicating that in some cases the combination of both approaches can improve the ability to quantify quality in MT. In authorship recognition, again the topological features were relevant in some contexts, though for the books and authors analyzed good results were obtained with semantic features as well. Because hybrid approaches encompassing semantic and topological features have not been extensively used, we believe that the methodology proposed here may be useful to enhance text classification considerably, as it combines well-established strategies. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ernesto Buonaiuti e la rivista «Il Rinnovamento»

This work is about the modernist writer Ernesto Buonaiuti (1881-1946) in the early years of his cultural activity. He was suggested by Alfred Loisy's historical method and by William James pragmatism in philosophy. So he refused traditional religious education he received to become a catholic priest and started a long-life battle against Roman Catholic Church. My research tries to investigate the influence of pragmatism on Buonaiuti's thought, analyzing articles he published on the modernist review «Il Rinnovamento», from 1907 to 1909. Then I compared philosophical themes with other works by Buonaiuti, trying to focus the development of his way of thinking throught the years until the end. My conclusion: Buonaiuti was a religious pragmatist all over his life and many works he published after the modernist crisis can confirm it.

Muslime in Ruanda – von Marginalisierung zu Integration /// Arbeitspapiere / Institut für Ethnologie und Afrikastudien ; 74

Zwischen April und Juni 1994 wurden in dem kleinen zentralafrikanischen Land Ruanda ca. 800.000 Menschen ermordet worden. Die Mehrzahl der Opfer waren Tutsi, aber auch viele Hutu verloren ihr Leben. Nahezu jede internationale und nationale Organisation versagte im Angesicht des Ausmaßes der Tragödie. Auch die in Ruanda sehr einflussreiche katholische Kirche konnte oder wollte die Massaker nicht beenden. Einzig die in der ruandischen Geschichte bis zum Genozid immer marginalisierten Muslime verweigerten in der Mehrzahl eine Teilnahme an den Massakern. Warum es zu diesem Verhalten kam, steht als Ausgangsfrage zu Beginn der Untersuchung. Im Folgenden gliedert sich die Arbeit in drei Teile – Geschichte des Islam bis 1994, Verhalten der Muslime im Völkermord von 1994 und die Veränderungen in den zehn Jahren nach dem Genozid. Die Arbeit, welche sich auf die Ergebnisse einer zweimonatigen Feldforschung und einige ältere Arbeiten zum Thema stützt, macht deutlich, dass die Geschichte der ruandischen Muslime bis 1994 durch eine kontinuierliche Marginalisierung gekennzeichnet war. Als nach dem Völkermord das außergewöhnliche Verhalten der ruandischen Muslime langsam deutlich wurde, änderte sich bei vielen Menschen und auch bei offiziellen Stellen auch die Einstellung gegenüber Muslimen.

Zielvereinbarungsgespräch und Leitungsaufgabe von katholischen Priestern

Die großen christlichen Kirchen in Deutschland befinden sich in einem strukturellen Umbruch, der sich zunehmend auf die Pastoral der örtlichen Pfarreien und Kirchengemeinden auswirkt. Durch die Einführung von Verfahren aus dem New Public Management erhoffen sich Kirchenleitungen beider Konfessionen eine innerkirchliche Personalentwicklung, die vor allem das hauptberufliche Seelsorgepersonal neu motivieren soll. Insbesondere in der katholischen Kirche soll so - in Verbindung mit einem möglichst missionarisch wirksamen Neuaufbruch - die Transformation der ehemals volkskirchlich geprägten Pfarrgemeinden in eine sich neu abzeichnende Sozialgestalt von Kirche als Netzwerk größerer pastoraler Einheiten unterstützt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht an der interdisziplinären Schnittstelle von Organisationforschung und praktischer Theologie, inwieweit die Einführung von Zielvereinbarungsgesprächen (ZVG) führungsverantwortliche Priester in der Wahrnehmung ihrer Leitungsaufgabe stärkt. Über 300 leitende Priester aus den Erzbistümern Freiburg und Paderborn hatten an der empirischen Studie mit zwei Messzeitpunkten teilgenommen. 73 Priester waren an beiden Messzeitpunkten A (2007) und B (2008) beteiligt. Unmittelbar nach dem Zeitpunkt A besuchten die befragten Priester der Erzdiözese Freiburg eine ZVG-Einführungsschulung, der sich eine einjährige Gesprächspraxis anschloss. Die in der Erzdiözese Paderborn befragten Priester bildeten die Vergleichsgruppe (ohne entsprechendes Treatment).rn rnWesentliches Ergebnis der Studie sind empirische Hinweise auf signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen dem priesterlichem Leitungsselbstverständnis, der ZVG-Umsetzung und der Einschätzung der eigenen Führungsqualität.rnrnIn den Selbsteinschätzungen der leitenden Priester (z.B. im Hinblick auf Leitungszufriedenheit, Bedeutung bzw. Gelingen von einzelnen Leitungs- und Gesprächsaspekten, etc.) zeigten sich zum Zeitpunkt A im Vergleich zwischen beiden Diözesen nur geringe Unterschiede. Dies gilt auch für die in A erfolgte Auswertung offener Fragen zum priesterlichen Selbstverständnis, welches als leitungs-amtliche Handlungs- und Objektorientierung in beiden Diözesen am wenigsten stark ausgeprägt war.Zum Zeitpunkt B verdeutlichte die Untersuchung des Tätigkeitsfelds Gemeindeleitung, dass dessen Bedeutung in Freiburg größer war als in Paderborn. Der hierfür erbrachte Kraft- bzw. Zeitaufwand war in Freiburg jedoch niedriger als in Paderborn, was als eine Frucht der verbindlichen ZVG-Einführung in Freiburg interpretiert werden kann. Deutlich wird auch, dass Priester, die der ZVG-Einführung eine hohe Bedeutung beimessen, mit ihren Mitarbeitern viele Gespräche planen. Weil Folgegespräche zum Zeitpunkt B im gleichen Umfang wie schon zum Zeitpunkt A geplant wurden, müssen die konkreten Gesprächserfahrungen in der A-Phase hinreichend positiv gewesen sein. Die Umsetzung zum Zeitpunkt B war jedoch nicht in dem zum Zeitpunkt A geplanten Maß erfolgt, was sich mit Prioritätsverschiebungen erklären lässt. Interessanterweise korreliert die Anzahl der geführten Zielvereinbarungsgespräche mit dem Dienst- und Lebensalter der Priester. Erfahrene Priester, die sich auf eine Mitarbeiterführung durch Zielvereinbarung einlassen, machen demnach gute Erfahrungen mit diesem Personalentwicklungsinstrument. rnrnInsgesamt können die Ergebnisse der Studie zu einer weiteren Kultivierung der Zielvereinbarungsgespräche im kirchlichen Dienst ermutigen. Bistümern, die noch keine Zielvereinbarungsgespräche eingeführt haben, kann eine Implementierung angeraten werden. rn

The Little Metropolis: Religion, Politics, & Spolia

There have been numerous councils throughout the Catholic Church?s history. From the First Council of Nicaea in 325 CE to Vatican II in 1962, only a few centuries have passed without any major church doctrinal change. Following hand in hand with changes in doctrine came the bifurcation of the Christian Church into the Roman CatholicChurch and the Orthodox Church. The first split came in 325 CE with Arianism. Arius of Alexandria and his followers did not agree with the Catholic Church?s viewpoint that the son, Jesus, should be on equal footing with the Father and the Holy Spirit. Constantine the Great brought the Arianism debate to the First Council of Nicaea,which declared Arianism a heretical religion. The following Catholic council?s decisions separated the two Churches even more, eventually creating the formal separation of the Church during the East-West Schism in the middle of the 11th century. Although the twoChurches constantly tried to unite, the Churches hit speed bumps along the way. Eventually, the 1274 Second Council of Lyons officially united the two Churches, even if only for an ephemeral time. At first glance, it might not seem that much resulted from the 1274 Second Council of Lyons. Almost immediately after the council?s ruling, the two Churches split again. Little is known as to why the 1274 Second Council of Lyons ultimately failed in its unification attempt. In this thesis, I will examine the churches of the Little Metropolis at Athens, Merbaka in the Argolid, and Agioi Theodoroi in Athens. In detailing the architectural features of these buildings, I will reconstruct the church building program in association with the 1274 Second Council of Lyons. I will also compare these churchesusing historical sources to keep the sociological, religious, political, and historical context accurate.

Giulio Cesare Aranzio (Arantius) (1530-89) in the pageant of anatomy and surgery

Giulio Cesare Aranzio in Italian (Julius Caesar Arantius in Latin) has not received full acclaim for his achievements in the field of anatomy and surgery that remain unknown to most physicians. His anatomical books Observationes Anatomicas, and De Humano Foetu Opusculum and surgical books De Tumoribus Secundum Locos Affectos and Hippocratis librum de vulneribus capitis commentarius brevis printed in Latin and additional existing literature on Aranzio from medical history books and journals were analysed extensively. Aranzio became Professor of Anatomy and Surgery at the University of Bologna in 1556. He established anatomy as a distinguished branch of medicine for the first time in medical history. Aranzio combined anatomy with a description of pathological processes. He discovered the 'Nodules of Aranzio' in the semilunar valves of the heart. He gave the first description of the superior levator palpebral and the coracobrachialis muscles. Aranzio wrote on surgical techniques for a wide spectrum of conditions that range from hydrocephalus, nasal polyp, goitre and tumours to phimosis, ascites, haemorrhoids, anal abscess and fistulae, and much more. Aranzio had an extensive knowledge in surgery and anatomy based in part on the ancient Greek and his contemporaries in the 16th century but essentially on his personal experience and practice.

The Intersection of Economics and Politics in a Small OPEC Country: the Case of Ecuador, 1990 - March 2014

Today, crude oil remains a vital resource all around the world. This non-renewable resource powers countries worldwide. Besides serving as an energy source, crude oil is also the most important component for different world economies, especially in developing countries. Ecuador, a small member of the OPEC oil cartel, presents a case where its economy is oil dependent. A great percentage of the country¿s GDP and government¿s budget comes from oil revenues. Ecuador has always been a primary exporter of raw materials. In the last centuries, the country experienced three important economic booms: cacao, bananas, and, ultimately, crude oil. In this sense, the country has not been able to fully industrialize and begin to export manufactured goods, i.e., Ecuador suffers from the Dutch disease. The latter has deterred Ecuador from achieving broad-based economic development. Given crude oil¿s importance for the Ecuadorian economy, the government has always tried to influence the oil industry in search of profits and benefits. Therefore, this thesis, explores the question: how and to what extent have political interventions affected the oil industry in Ecuador from 1990 until March 2014? In general, this thesis establishes an economic history context during the last twenty-four years, attempting to research how political interventions have shaped Ecuador¿s oil industry and economy. In the analysis, it covers a period where political instability prevailed, until Rafael Correa became president. The thesis examines Ecuador¿s participation in OPEC, trying to find explanations as to why the country voluntarily left the organization in 1992, only to rejoin in 2007 when Correa rose to power. During the ¿Revolución Ciudadana¿ period, the thesis researches reforms to the Law of Hydrocarbons, variations in the relations with other nations, the controversy surrounding the Yasuní-ITT oil block, and the ¿Refinería del Pacífico¿ construction. The thesis is an Industrial Organization detailed case study that analyzes, updates, and evaluates the intersection of economics and politics in Ecuador¿s crude oil industry during the last 24 years. In this sense I have consulted past theses, newspaper articles, books, and other published data about the petroleum industry, both from a global and Ecuadorian perspective. In addition to published sources, I was able to interview sociologists, public figures, history and economics academics, and other experts, accessing unique unpublished data about Ecuador¿s oil industry. I made an effort to collect information that shows the private and public side of the industry, i.e., from government-related and independent sources. I attempted to remain as objective as possible to make conclusions about the appropriate Industrial Organization policy for Ecuador¿s oil industry, addressing the issue from an economic, social, political, and environmental point of view. I found how Ecuador¿s political instability caused public policy to fail, molding the conduct and market structure of the crude oil industry. Throughout history, developed nations have benefited from low oil prices, but things shifted since oil prices began to rise, which is more beneficial for the developing nations that actually possess and produce the raw material. Nevertheless, Ecuador, a victim of the Dutch disease due to its heavy reliance on crude oil as a primary product, has not achieved broad-based development.