Factorizations of the complete graph into C-5-factors and 1-factors

In this paper, we show that K-10n can be factored into alpha C-5-factors and beta 1-factors for all non-negative integers alpha and beta satisfying 2alpha + beta = 10(n) - 1.

5-Hydroxytryptamine and platelets: uptake and aggregation in hypoxic pulmonary hypertensive rats

Pulmonary hypertension is associated with various alterations in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) physiology. In this study in platelets from hypoxic pulmonary hypertensive rats (10% O-2; 1 week) and normoxic rats (room air), (i) initial rates of specific [H-3]5-HT uptake were measured and (ii) potentiation of collagen- and ADP-induced aggregation by 5-HT was quantified. The platelet count was almost halved in hypoxic rats. In uptake experiments, there was a decrease in 5-HT uptake in platelets from hypoxic compared with normoxic rats, due to a 36% reduction in the maximal initial rate of uptake. The aggregation experiments showed that 5-HT (1-100 muM) increased the magnitude of responses to collagen and the duration of responses to ADP, but there was no difference between hypoxic and normoxic rats. Abnormalities in platelet function may conceivably lead to increases in plasma 5-HT levels in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, but are unlikely to aggravate pulmonary thromboembolism. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Potentiation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) responses by a 5-HT uptake inhibitor in pulmonary and systemic vessels: effects of exposing rats to hypoxia

The aim was to determine whether uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) by the 5-HT transporter (SERT) modulates contractile responses to 5-HT in rat pulmonary arteries and whether this modulation is altered by exposure of rats to chronic hypoxia (10% oxygen; 8 h/day; 5 days). The effects of the SERT inhibitor, citalopram (100 nM), on contractions to 5-HT were determined in isolated ring preparations of pulmonary artery (intralobar and main) and compared with data obtained in systemic arteries. In intralobar pulmonary arteries citalopram produced a potentiation (viz. an increase in potency, pEC(50)) of 5-HT. The potentiation was endothelium-dependent in preparations from normoxic rats but endothelium-independent in preparations from hypoxic rats. In main pulmonary artery endothelium-independent potentiation was seen in preparations from hypoxic rats but no potentiation occurred in preparations from normoxic rats. In systemic arteries, citalopram caused endothelium-independent potentiation in aorta but no potentiation in mesenteric arteries; there were no differences between hypoxic and normoxic rats. It is concluded that SERT can influence the concentration of 5-HT in the vicinity of the vasoconstrictor receptors in pulmonary arteries. The data suggest that in pulmonary arteries from hypoxic rats, unlike normoxic rats, the SERT responsible for this effect is not in the endothelium and, hence, is probably in the smooth muscle. The data are compatible with reports that, in the pulmonary circulation, hypoxia induces/up-regulates SERT, and hence increases 5-HT uptake, in vascular smooth muscle. The findings may have implications in relation to the suggested use of SERT inhibitors in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.

Constitutively active signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 can replace the requirement for growth hormone in adipogenesis of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes

Although it is the best characterized in vitro model of GH action, the mechanisms used by GH to induce differentiation of murine 3T3-F442A preadipocytes remain unclear. Here we have examined the role of three transcriptional regulators in adipogenesis. These regulators are either rapidly induced in response to GH [Stra13, signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3] or of central importance to GH signaling (Stat5). Retroviral transfection of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes was used to increase expression of Stra13, Stat3, and Stat5a. Only Stat5a transfection increased the expression of adipogenic markers peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)alpha, and adipose protein 2/fatty acid-binding protein in response to GH, as determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Transfection with constitutively active Stat3 and Stat5a revealed that constitutively active Stat5a but not Stat3 was able to replace the GH requirement for adipogenesis. Constitutively active Stat5a but not Stat3 was able to increase the formation of lipid droplets and expression of alpha-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase toward levels seen in mature adipocytes. Constitutively active Stat5a was also able to increase the expression of transcripts for C/EBPalpha to similar levels as GH, and of C/EBPbeta, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and adipose protein 2/fatty acid-binding protein transcripts to a lesser extent. An in vivo role for GH in murine adipogenesis is supported by significantly decreased epididymal fat depot size in young GH receptor-deleted mice, before manifestation of the lipolytic actions of GH. We conclude that Stat5 is a critical factor in GH-induced, and potentially prolactin-induced, murine adipogenesis.

Multilayer transverse gradient coil design

In small, cylindrical gradient coils consisting of a single layer of wires, the limiting factor in achieving large magnetic field gradients is the rapid increase in coil resistance with efficiency. This behavior results from the decrease in the maximum usable wire diameter as the number of turns is increased. By adopting a multilayer design in which the coil wires are allowed to spread out into multiple layers wound at increasing radii, a more favorable scaling of resistance with efficiency is achieved, thus allowing the design of more powerful gradient coils with acceptable resistance values. By extending the theory used to design standard cylindrical gradient coils, mathematical expressions have been developed that allow the design of multilayer coils. These expressions have previously been applied to the design of a four-layer z-gradient coil. As a further development, the equations have now been modified to allow the design of multilayer transverse gradient coils. The variation in coil performance with the number of layers employed has been investigated for coils of a size suitable for use in NMR microscopy, and the effect of constructing the coil using wires or cuts in a continuous conducting surface has also been assessed. We find that at fixed resistance a small wire-wound two-layer coil offers an increase in efficiency of a factor of about 1.5 compared with a single-layer coil. In addition, a two-layer coil of 10-mm inner diameter has been designed and built. This coil had an efficiency of 0.41 Tm-1 A(-1), a resistance of 0.96 +/- 0.01 Omega, and an inductance of 22.3 +/- 0.2 muH. The coil produces a gradient that deviates from linearity by less than 5% over a central cylindrical region of interest of height and length 6.2 mm. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Synthesis of novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylates utilising ultrasonic and thermally mediated aminolysis

Novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylates have been synthesised in high yield by unprecedented ultrasonic and thermally mediated nucleophilic displacement of bromide from ethyl 2-bromo-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate by primary, secondary and aryl amines.

The synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of 9-carboxyhexahydro-7-methoxy-4a,7-ethano-benzopyran-5-en-1-one

9-Carboxyhexahydro-7-methoxy-4a,7-ethano-benzopyran-5-en-1-one (1) was prepared and examined by X-ray crystallography to probe its potential as a new peptide scaffold/template. The crystal structure of the anhydride precursor 7-(2-acetoxyethyl)-4-methoxy-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-ethanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione (6) is also reported.

A????es premiadas no 5?? Concurso de Inova????es na Gest??o P??blica Federal

Projetos premiados no 5?? Concurso Inova????o na Gest??o P??blica Federal. As iniciativas representam contribui????es para a melhoria da gest??o p??blica

Texto para discuss??o 5: reforma administrativa e direito adquirido ao regime da fun????o p??blica

O direito adquirido tem sido argumento freq??entemente invocado pelos opositores da reforma constitucional do aparelho administrativo do Estado. Nesse debate, entretanto, este argumento ?? completamente destitu??do de validade t??cnica. Dizer que a reforma constitucional n??o pode alterar o regime jur??dico dos servidores p??blicos (o estatuto jur??dico da estabilidade, disponibilidade, remunera????o etc.) ?? incorrer em completo equ??voco. As raz??es dessa incompreens??o decorrem do desconhecimento de no m??nimo dois t??picos relevantes encartados no tema, a saber: a) a natureza do regime jur??dico que vincula o servidor p??blico civil ?? administra????o; e b) a distin????o entre efic??cia imediata e efic??cia retroativa das normas constitucionais

M??dulo 5 - dispensa, dispensabilidade e inexigibilidade de licita????o: curso legisla????o aplicada ?? log??stica de suprimentos Lei 8.666/93, preg??o e registro de pre??os

Este documento trata de: aspectos conceituais da lei: finalidade, import??ncia e hierarquia da lei; no????es gerais da lei de licita????es - Lei n?? 8.666/93; tipos de licita????o:menor pre??o, melhor t??cnica, t??cnica e pre??o e maior lance ou oferta; modalidades de licita????o: concorr??ncia, tomada de pre??os, convite, concurso e leil??o; exce????es ?? obrigatoriedade de licita????o: dispensa e inexigibilidade; regime de execu????o indireta; comiss??o de licita????o; etapas do processo licitat??rio: edital, procedimentos/documentos do certame, registro cadastral, habilita????o dos interessados, julgamento e encerramento; preg??o; registro de pre??os

M??dulo 5 - no????es sobre execu????o or??ament??ria: curso or??amento p??blico: vis??o geral

Este documento trata de: or??amento p??blico: conceito, fun????es, t??cnicas, princ??pios e marcos legais; enfoques do or??amento: enfoque fiscal dos or??amentos e enfoque program??tico da despesa; roteiro da elabora????o e execu????o or??ament??ria anual; classifica????es or??ament??rias da despesa e da receita; execu????o dos or??amentos; execu????o or??ament??ria e financeira

Disciplina 3.5: compras, contratos e licita????es

A disciplina teve como principais conte??dos: contrata????es no setor p??blico. Lei 8.666. Contrata????o por dispensa e inexigibilidade de licita????o. Preg??o Eletr??nico. Contrato Administrativo: regime jur??dico, gest??o, altera????es, fiscaliza????o, san????es. Riscos quanto ?? motiva????o do gasto, ?? compatibilidade do pre??o praticado, ao recebimento (liquida????o da despesa) e ?? destina????o para fins de interesse p??blico. Julgados do Tribunal de Contas da Uni??o sobre o tema

Disciplina 4.5: elabora????o e gerenciamento de projetos

A disciplina teve como conte??dos: conceitos b??sicos sobre a gest??o de projetos: reflex??es sobre a rela????o entre projeto, subprojeto, programa e plano; diferencia????o de projeto e processo; conceito de gest??o; ciclo de vida; processos de gerenciamento; an??lise de atores envolvidos; participa????o na elabora????o e gerenciamento; elabora????o do plano; gest??o integrada, monitoramento e avalia????o do projeto