937 resultados para Jokinen, Eeva: Aikuisten arki


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The aim of this Master’s Thesis was to examine the determinants of intention and behavior of playing sports betting games in order to explain the intention to play in a more precise way and to be able to understand the behavior of playing. The theory of planned behavior was applied in explaining the intention of young Finnish adults aged 18 to 34. A quantitative research method was applied and an online survey was sent to the students of Lappeenranta University of Technology and to the subscribers of Urheilulehti in order to reach a sample that present the young population of Finland. The theory of the study focused on the theory of planned behavior and its antecedents, attitude towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control as well as motivation. By analyzing the data, causal relationships were found through which the explanation of intention was possible. The results showed that attitude towards playing, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and motivation impact the formation of intention significantly. The results also indicated that intention impacts significantly to the playing frequency.

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Tutkimus käsittelee porilaisen kauppiasperheen tyttären, Sigrid Maria Juséliuksen (1887–1898) ja hänen perheensä tapaustutkimuksen kautta porvarillista lapsuutta ja lapsuuden ihanteita 1800-luvun lopun Suomessa. Sigrid Jusélius oli vuorineuvos Fritz Arthur Juséliuksen (1855–1930) ja Blenda Theresia (o.s. Moliis) Juséliuksen (1850–1919) ainoa lapsi. Vanhempien avioliiton päätyttyä ajalle harvinaiseen avioeroon Sigrid muut-ti äitinsä kanssa Tukholman kautta Turkuun, missä hän eli ja aloitti koulunkäynnin, kunnes menehtyi 11-vuotiaana. Sigridin muisto jäi elämään isän rakennuttaman mausoleumin sekä tyttären nimeä kantavan säätiön myötä. Varsinaisesti Sigridin elämästä tiedetään vähän, mutta siitä jääneet jäljet innoittivat tarkastelemaan, minkälaisia piirteitä varakkaan perheen tyttären elämään mahdollisesti kuului? Löytyisikö yksittäistä tutkimuskohdetta koskevasta aineistosta merkkejä sivistyneistön elämäntavasta ja lapsuuteen sekä perhe-elämään kohdistetuista ihanteista? Mikä mahdollisesti oli lapsen maailmassa merkityksellistä toisaalta hänen itsensä ja toisaalta aikuisten näkökulmasta? Moninainen tutkimusaineisto käsitti museaalista esineistöä, kuten leluja ja lastenkirjoja, sekä valokuvia, kirjeitä ja asiakirjoja. Metodologisena lähtökohtana tutkimuksessa oli aineiston kulttuurihistoriallinen kontekstointi mikrohistoriallisesta näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksessa lapsuus sekä perhe ymmärretään kulttuurisidonnaisina ilmiöinä, jotka ovat riippuvaisia kontekstissaan niille annetuista mahdollisista merkityksistä. Tämä edellytti ilmiöiden taustalla vaikuttaneiden yhteiskunnallisten tekijöiden tarkastelua suhteessa tutkimuskohteeseen. Tutkimuksessa hyödynnettyjen aineistojen tarkastelu eri tulosuunnista sekä pyrkimys tunnistaa ja ymmärtää tutkimuskohteesta jo esitettyjen tulkintojen taustavaikuttimia olivat läsnä analyysissa. Moniaineistoisuus haastoi käyttämään vaihtelevaa lähdeanalyysin välineistöä. Merkityksellistä lähdetyöskentelyn kannalta oli esitettyjen kysymysten sekä aineiston keskinäisen suhteen tarkastelun kautta muodostettu mahdollinen tulkinta, jonka kannalta moniaineistoisuuden etuna oli toisiaan täydentävien lähdetyyppien vuoropuhelu suhteessa aiempaan tutkimustietoon. Sigridin muistosta ja hänen kohtaloonsa liittyvistä muistamisen tavoista on muotoutunut osa kulttuuriperintöä. Aineistossa oli havaittavissa mahdollisia merkkejä yhteisön lapsuutta ja perhettä koskevasta ajatusmaailmasta sekä niitä koskevista yksilöllisistä valinnoista. Tutkimusaineisto valotti sivistyneistölapsen elämää myös hänen omista lähtökohdistaan käsin. Tutkimuksessa välittyi toisaalta kuva lapsuuden käsittämisestä omana erillisenä ja erityisenä ajanjaksona, ja toisaalta lapsen ja aikuisen kulttuurisen elinpiirin yhteneväisyys ja kiinteys tarkastelukontekstin puitteissa.

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Climate change is one of the biggest challenges faced by this generation. Despite being the single most important environmental challenge facing the planet and despite over two decades of international climate negotiations, global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continue to rise. By the middle of this century, GHGs must be reduced by as much as 40-70% if dangerous climate change is to be avoided. In the Kyoto Protocol no quantitative emission limitation and reduction commitments were placed on the developing countries. For the planning of the future commitments period and possible participation of developing countries, information of the functioning of the energy systems, CO2 emissions development in different sectors, energy use and technological development in developing countries is essential. In addition to the per capita emissions, the efficiency of the energy system in relation to GHG emissions is crucial for the decision of future long-term burden sharing between countries. Country’s future development of CO2 emissions can be defined by the estimated CO2 intensity of the future and the estimated GDP growth. The changes in CO2 intensity depend on several factors, but generally developed countries’ intensity has been increasing in the industrialization phase and decreasing when their economy shifts more towards the system dominated by the service sector. The level of the CO2 intensity depends by a large extent on the production structure and the energy sources that are used. Currently one of the most urgent issues regarding global climate change is to decide the future of the Kyoto Protocol. Negotiations on this topic have already been initiated, with the aim of being finalised by the 2015. This thesis provides insights into the various approaches that can be used to characterise the concept of comparable efforts for developing countries in a future international climate agreement. The thesis examines the post-Kyoto burden sharing questions for developing countries using the contraction and convergence model, which is one approach that has been proposed to allocate commitments regarding future GHG emissions mitigation. This new approach is a practical tool for the evaluation of the Kyoto climate policy process and global climate change negotiations from the perspective of the developing countries.

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The aim of this Master’s Thesis was to examine whether corporate social responsibility and CSR communication has effect on company’s image in the eyes of 18-25 year olds young job seekers and thus study young adults perceptions on these issues. By utilizing previous academic literature a through picture of the main topics was built and by conducting quantitative research, research’s aim was sought to answer. The framework defines the link between research’s main concepts corporate image, CSR and CSR communication and how this can lead to attracting prospective employees. A quantitative research method was applied and an online survey was sent to people whom had applied for L&T by June during the year 2015. Out of these people, those who were aged 18-15 and had vocational education were qualified to answer the survey. The data was analyzed by utilizing statistical analysis and causal relationships were found though which the explanation of perceptions and impacts was possible. The results showed that young adults are influenced by CSR and CSR communication and thus these factors have an impact on prospective employees.

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Luokkamuotoista erityisopetusta järjestetään oppilaille, joilla on sosio-emotionaalisia vaikeuksia ja, joiden opetusta ei pystytä yleisopetuksen opetusryhmässä järjestämään. Oppilailla, joilla on sosio-emotionaalisia vaikeuksia, haasteita aiheuttavat niin sosiaaliset kuin emotionaaliset vaikeudet. Näiden ilmenemismuotoja voivat olla mm. haasteet sosiaalisissa suhteissa vertaisten tai koulun aikuisten, opettajien, kanssa, vaikeudet luoda ja ylläpitää ystävyyssuhteita tai yleensä mielekkäitä vuorovaikutussuhteita vertaisiin, itsehillinnän ja impulsiivisuuden haasteet sekä sosiaalisten tilanteiden tulkinnat. Tyttöjen kulttuuri eroaa poikien kulttuurista ja heille asetetaan erilaisia sosiaalisia odotuksia ja tavoitteita kuin pojille. Kilttien ja hiljaisten tyttöjen rooli istuu vahvasti nyky-yhteiskunnassakin. Tytöt edustavat sopeutumattomien opetuksessa selkeää vähemmistöä. Vuonna 2011 Tilastokeskuksen tilaston mukaan tyttöjä oli peruskoulun vuosiluokkien 1-9 luokkamuotoisessa erityisopetuksessa tunne-elämän häiriön tai sosiaalisen sopeutumattomuuden vuoksi vain 6,5 % (Tilastokeskus, tilastoja). Tässä tutkimuksessa on puolistrukturoidun teemahaastattelun keinoin haluttu selvittää sopeutumattomien opetuksen tyttöjen käsityksiä ja kokemuksia sosiaalisista suhteistaan vertaisiin ja opettajiin koulussa. Tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen tutkimus, jonka aineisto on analysoitu teemojen mukaan. Tutkimuksessa on käytetty harkinnanvaraista tutkimusjoukon valintaa ja se on toteutettu eräässä Varsinais-Suomen keskisuuren kaupungin keskitetyn palvelun koulussa (ent. erityiskoulu) sopeutumattomille oppilaille. Tutkimukseen osallistuneet ovat 11-12-vuotiaita ja saaneet itse päättää osallistumisestaan, vaikka huoltajien lupa tutkimuksen tekoon on myös erikseen pyydetty. Tutkija on tyttötutkimuksellaan antaa äänen tytöille itselleen ja heidän käsityksilleen sosiaalisista suhteistaan koulussa. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat tyttöjen onnistuneen solmimaan niin kaveruus- kuin ystävyyssuhteitakin koulussa. Luodut ystävyyssuhteet ovat pääasiallisesti tyttöjen välisiä eivätkä ne ole ristiriidattomia, vaikka ovatkin haastateltujen mukaan pitkäikäisiä. Tyttöjen suhteet myös opettajiin ovat pääasiassa positiivisia. Turvallinen ja empaattinen aikuinen mahdollistaa sen, että tytöt tulevat kuulluiksi, mutta myös sen, että he voivat keskittyä opiskeluunsa koulupäivien aikana.

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Organizations often consider investing in a new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system as a way to enhance their business processes, as it allows integrating information used by multiple different departments into a harmonized computing system. The hope of gaining significant business benefits, such as reducing operating costs, is the key reason why organizations have decided to invest in ERP systems since 1990’s. Still, all ERP projects do not end up in success, and deployment of ERP system does not necessarily guarantee the results people were waiting for. This research studies why organizations invest in ERP, but also what downsides ERP projects currently have. Additionally Enterprise Application Integrations (EAI) as next generation’s ERP solutions are studied to challenge and develop traditional ERP. The research questions are: What are the weaknesses in traditional ERP deployment in today’s business? How does the proposed next generation’s ERP answer to these weaknesses? At the beginning of the thesis, as an answer to the first research question, the basics of ERP implementation are introduced with both the pros and cons of investing in ERP. Key concepts such as IS integration and EAI are also studied. Empirical section of the thesis focuses on answering the second research question from the integration approach. A qualitative research is executed by interviewing five experienced IT professionals about EAI benefits, limitations, and problems. The thematic interview and questionnaire follow the presented ERP main elements from literature. The research shows that adopting traditional ERP includes multiple downsides, e.g. inflexibility and requiring big investments in terms of money. To avoid these critical issues, organizations could find a solution from integrations between their current IS. Based on the empirical study a new framework for the next generation’s ERP is created, consisting of a model and a framework that deal with various features regarding IS adoption. With this framework organizations can assess whether they should implement EAI or ERP. The model and framework suggest that there are multiple factors IT managers needs to consider when planning their IT investments, including their current IS, role of IT in the organization, as well as new system’s flexibility, investment level, and number of vendors. The framework created in the thesis encourages IT management to assess holistically their i) organization, ii) its IT, and iii) solution requirements in order to determine what kind of IS solution would suit their needs the best.

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Organizations often consider investing in a new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system as a way to enhance their business processes, as it allows integrating information used by multiple different departments into a harmonized computing system. The hope of gaining significant business benefits, such as reducing operating costs, is the key reason why organizations have decided to invest in ERP systems since 1990’s. Still, all ERP projects do not end up in success, and deployment of ERP system does not necessarily guarantee the results people were waiting for. This research studies why organizations invest in ERP, but also what downsides ERP projects currently have. Additionally Enterprise Application Integrations (EAI) as next generation’s ERP solutions are studied to challenge and develop traditional ERP. The research questions are: What are the weaknesses in traditional ERP deployment in today’s business? How does the proposed next generation’s ERP answer to these weaknesses? At the beginning of the thesis, as an answer to the first research question, the basics of ERP implementation are introduced with both the pros and cons of investing in ERP. Key concepts such as IS integration and EAI are also studied. Empirical section of the thesis focuses on answering the second research question from the integration approach. A qualitative research is executed by interviewing five experienced IT professionals about EAI benefits, limitations, and problems. The thematic interview and questionnaire follow the presented ERP main elements from literature. The research shows that adopting traditional ERP includes multiple downsides, e.g. inflexibility and requiring big investments in terms of money. To avoid these critical issues, organizations could find a solution from integrations between their current IS. Based on the empirical study a new framework for the next generation’s ERP is created, consisting of a model and a framework that deal with various features regarding IS adoption. With this framework organizations can assess whether they should implement EAI or ERP. The model and framework suggest that there are multiple factors IT managers needs to consider when planning their IT investments, including their current IS, role of IT in the organization, as well as new system’s flexibility, investment level, and number of vendors. The framework created in the thesis encourages IT management to assess holistically their i) organization, ii) its IT, and iii) solution requirements in order to determine what kind of IS solution would suit their needs the best.

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