A LITTLE HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC IN BRAZIL: INTERVIEW WITH JOSÉ BORGES NETO

We are pleased to present this edition of the journal Language & Letters, interview courtesy Professor José Borges Neto, researcher recognized for the excellent work that develops in Linguistics with an emphasis in Philosophy of Language. Professor holds a degree in Literature from the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (1972), MA in Linguistics from the State University of Campinas (1979) and PhD in Linguistics from the State University of Campinas (1991). Professor of the Federal University of Paraná between 1999 and 2010. Retired in 2010, continues to serve as Senior Lecturer in the Graduate Program in Linguistics UFPR and a senior professor at Unioeste in the period 2012-2016. Has experience in the area of ​​linguistics, with an emphasis on semantics, acting on the following topics: Epistemology of Linguistics, Linguistics Historiography, Formal Semantics and Categorial Grammars.

THE FORMATION OF THE READER: BETWEEN IMPOSITIONS AND FREEDOMS

In this article, we intend to focus on the theme of reading and the formation of reader, already so saturated universe of discourse, prioritizing the reader's perspective and their reading stories inside and outside school. To realize this goal, we will analyze reports of reading students letters course of Federal University of Paraíba. Data were collected from a textual production, in which the students should make an account of their stories reading, requested for the period 2013.1 The teacher of Reading and Textual Production I discipline, offered in the first sentence of that course. We aimed to analyze concepts, functions and values assigned to the reading underlying the speeches of these readers. As theoretical and methodological basis for the analysis of data, this work is guided mainly by authors who think of reading as a social and cultural practice - like Certeau (1994), Chartier (1999a, 1999b, 2009) Abreu (1999), Sousa (2009, 2011 and 2014). In this perspective, the reader is a figure that oscillates between what the institutions determine and actual read operations that denounce the existence of an action which does not overlies the passivity. The analysis showed that the training of reader walks between freedom of choice of reading objects and obligations mainly established within the school institution. Also, we realize that the lector assigns different values and functions to read, due mainly to the mode from which it appropriates reading objects.KEYWORDS: Reading. reading history. Formation of the reader. 

SOCIOLINGUISTIC SIGNS IN COMPENDIUM OF RULES: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE INFANTE'S WORK

This article aims to reflect and demonstrate, on the basis of sociolinguistics, as normativism that coats the grammatical discipline, usually considered rigid and inflexible by supporters of Textual Linguistics, is conducted differently in the Curso de Gramática Aplicada aos Textos, Ulysses Infante, in other words, more flexible and sensitive to the social context of the individual, pointing to a evolution, although slow, of the application proposals of grammatical rules. For this, we adopt bibliographic research and the qualitative aproach to appreciate some stretches where the author seems inclined to give a social treatment to Portuguese similar to that proposed by sociolinguistic perspective, so that you can ponder about a possible change in the way of guide to grammar Language Portuguese. At the end, it is clear that the proposal by the grammar compendium approach represents an evolution regarding treatment usually meted out to grammatical discipline, behold considers various sociolinguistic precepts.

EXPERIENCE AND HISTORY IN EDMUND WHITE, BERNARDO CARVALHO AND MILTON HATOUM’S NARRATIVES

This article is a comparative study of three fictionists: Edmund White, Bernardo Carvalho and Milton Hatoum. We focus on the concepts of experience to investigate some modes of fictional constructions that allows us to say that a singular panorama of contemporary prose can be seen in a horizon where autobiography and history are key issues in the three authour’s poetics. Therefore literary theory will help us find theoretical paths towards what we name a poetics of mobility and closure at work in the fiction of these authours. Walter Benjamin, Phillipe Lejeune, Beatriz Sarlo and Jeanne Marie Gagnebin, amongst other thinkers, will guide theoretically our study.

Female authorship Literature: Women in the history and in the memory

The purpose of this study is to analyze the process of Brazilian women’s search for equality, concerning cultural and social areas over five centuries. Oppression, submission and silence used to be common words for women during this period in the history. The extreme patriarchal system and the sexism in different areas of society prevented the female rights from expressing their opinions. This study process involved the research on significant articles, books and magazines related to gender equalities. The present achievements of women in the country are due to the work of feminist movements supported in Cultural Studies and Gender Theories that led women to represent an equal role in the society. As a result, women in the twentieth century got rid of the sexist oppression and besides producing remarkable writings, they improved their identities revealing themselves as skilful people able to contribute to the literary canon as well as diligent professional in education, politics and different areas of society in the postwar period.

In Scene of History and the History on Scene: The Theatre of Resistance by Millôr Fernandes and Flávio Rangel

Based on the contribuions from Ryngaert (1995); Prado (2009); Magaldi (2008); Faria (1998); Heliodora (2008); Guinsburg, Faria and Lima (2009), refering to the constituion of the theatrical discourse, in studies of Fausto (2012); Cotrim (2005); Gaspari (2002) and Garcia (2008), about the notes Brazilian historical and the theoretical presupposes of Carvalhal (2003, 2006); Nitrini (2000); Nascimento (2006) and Maddaluno (1991) to approach to the study of comparative literature, this work aims to analyze the play Liberdade, liberdade (1965), by Millôr Fernandes and Flávio Rangel whit the Brazilian dictatorship period (1964-1985). This play was written and performed at the beginning of the regime, as it wished to withdraw from the scheme repressor that dominated Brazil. Millôr Fernandes and Flávio Rangel resorted to the use of classical texts and historical preparation for the work, and make use of music to bring up the subject of ceaseless quest for freedom. The play runs from dramatic to comedic, supported by political discourse, which leads, the called Theatre of resistance. For this work, the basic procedure was the literature search. Through the analysis of the dramatic text and the recurrent use of bricolage (collage of historical texts), perceives the practice of intertextuality theme. Thus, one can understand that Liberdade, liberdade is a dramatic text produced in the second half of the twentieth century, which establishes dialogue with texts embodied historical aspect with literary verve.