Energy and system size dependence of phi meson production in Cu plus Cu and Au plus Au collisions

We study the beam-energy and system-size dependence of phi meson production (using the hadronic decay mode phi -> K(+) K(-)) by comparing the new results from Cu + Cu collisions and previously reported Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV measured in the STAR experiment at RHIC. Data presented in this Letter are from mid-rapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.5) for 0.4 < p(T) < 5 GeV/c. At a given beam energy, the transverse momentum distributions for phi mesons are observed to be similar in yield and shape for Cu + Cu and Au + Au colliding systems with similar average numbers of participating nucleons. The phi meson yields in nucleus-nucleus collisions, normalized by the average number of participating nucleons, are found to be enhanced relative to those from p + p collisions. The enhancement for phi mesons lies between strange hadrons having net strangeness = 1 (K(-) and <(A)over bar>) and net strangeness = 2 (Xi). The enhancement for phi mesons is observed to be higher at root s(NN) = 200 GeV compared to 62.4 GeV. These observations for the produced phi(s (s) over bar) mesons clearly suggest that, at these collision energies, the source of enhancement of strange hadrons is related to the formation of a dense partonic medium in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions and cannot be alone due to canonical suppression of their production in smaller systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Restoring the azimuthal symmetry of lateral distributions of charged particles in the range of the KASCADE-Grande experiment

The reconstruction of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) observed by particle detectors at the ground is based on the characteristics of observables like the lateral particle density and the arrival times. The lateral densities, inferred for different EAS components from detector data, are usually parameterised by applying various lateral distribution functions (LDFs). The LDFs are used in turn for evaluating quantities like the total number of particles or the density at particular radial distances. Typical expressions for LDFs anticipate azimuthal symmetry of the density around the shower axis. The deviations of the lateral particle density from this assumption arising from various reasons are smoothed out in the case of compact arrays like KASCADE, but not in the case of arrays like Grande, which only sample a smaller part of the azimuthal variation. KASCADE-Grande, an extension of the former KASCADE experiment, is a multi-component Extensive Air Shower (EAS) experiment located at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Campus North), Germany. The lateral distributions of charged particles are deduced from the basic information provided by the Grande scintillators - the energy deposits - first in the observation plane, then in the intrinsic shower plane. In all steps azimuthal dependences should be taken into account. As the energy deposit in the scintillators is dependent on the angles of incidence of the particles, azimuthal dependences are already involved in the first step: the conversion from the energy deposits to the charged particle density. This is done by using the Lateral Energy Correction Function (LECF) that evaluates the mean energy deposited by a charged particle taking into account the contribution of other particles (e.g. photons) to the energy deposit. By using a very fast procedure for the evaluation of the energy deposited by various particles we prepared realistic LECFs depending on the angle of incidence of the shower and on the radial and azimuthal coordinates of the location of the detector. Mapping the lateral density from the observation plane onto the intrinsic shower plane does not remove the azimuthal dependences arising from geometric and attenuation effects, in particular for inclined showers. Realistic procedures for applying correction factors are developed. Specific examples of the bias due to neglecting the azimuthal asymmetries in the conversion from the energy deposit in the Grande detectors to the lateral density of charged particles in the intrinsic shower plane are given. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

On maximizing measures of homeomorphisms on compact manifolds

We prove that given a compact n-dimensional connected Riemannian manifold X and a continuous function g : X -> R, there exists a dense subset of the space of homeomorphisms of X such that for all T in this subset, the integral integral(X) g d mu, considered as a function on the space of all T-invariant Borel probability measures mu, attains its maximum on a measure supported on a periodic orbit.

ANTISYMMETRIC ELEMENTS IN GROUP RINGS II

Let R be a commutative ring, G a group and RG its group ring. Let phi : RG -> RG denote the R-linear extension of an involution phi defined on G. An element x in RG is said to be phi-antisymmetric if phi(x) = -x. A characterization is given of when the phi-antisymmetric elements of RG commute. This is a completion of earlier work.

On isomorphism classes of C(2(m) circle plus [0, alpha]) spaces

We provide a complete isomorphic classification of the Banach spaces of continuous functions on the compact spaces 2(m) circle plus [0, alpha], the topological sums of Cantor cubes 2(m), with m smaller than the first sequential cardinal, and intervals of ordinal numbers [0, alpha]. In particular, we prove that it is relatively consistent with ZFC that the only isomorphism classes of C(2(m) circle plus [0, alpha]) spaces with m >= N(0) and alpha >= omega(1) are the trivial ones. This result leads to some elementary questions on large cardinals.

Fixed points on Klein bottle fiber bundles over the circle

The main purpose of this work is to study fixed points of fiber-preserving maps over the circle S(1) for spaces which are fiber bundles over S(1) and the fiber is the Klein bottle K. We classify all such maps which can be deformed fiberwise to a fixed point free map. The similar problem for torus fiber bundles over S(1) has been solved recently.

An indecomposable Banach space of continuous functions which has small density

Using the method of forcing we construct a model for ZFC where CH does not hold and where there exists a connected compact topological space K of weight omega(1) < 2(omega) such that every operator on the Banach space of continuous functions on K is multiplication by a continuous function plus a weakly compact operator. In particular, the Banach space of continuous functions on K is indecomposable.

A stronger Dunford-Pettis property

We discuss a strong version of the Dunford-Pettis property, earlier named (DP*) property, which is shared by both l(1) and l(infinity) It is equivalent to the Dunford-Pettis property plus the fact that every quotient map onto c(0) is completely continuous. Other weak sequential continuity results on polynomials and analytic mappings related to the (DP*) property are shown.

A group topology on the free abelian group of cardinality c that makes its square countably compact

Under p = c, we prove that it is possible to endow the free abelian group of cardinality c with a group topology that makes its square countably compact. This answers a question posed by Madariaga-Garcia and Tomita and by Tkachenko. We also prove that there exists a Wallace semigroup (i.e., a countably compact both-sided cancellative topological semigroup which is not a topological group) whose square is countably compact. This answers a question posed by Grant.

HYPERBOLICITY OF SEMIGROUP ALGEBRAS II

In 1996, Jespers and Wang classified finite semigroups whose integral semigroup ring has finitely many units. In a recent paper, Iwaki-Juriaans-Souza Filho continued this line of research by partially classifying the finite semigroups whose rational semigroup algebra contains a Z-order with hyperbolic unit group. In this paper, we complete this classification and give an easy proof that deals with all finite semigroups.

Timelike Christoffel pairs in the split-quaternions

We characterize the Christoffel pairs of timelike isothermic surfaces in the four-dimensional split-quaternions. When restricting the receiving space to the three-dimensional imaginary split-quaternions, we establish an equivalent condition for a timelike surface in R(2)(3) to be real or complex isothermic in terms of the existence of integrating factors.

The Wijsman hyperspace of a metric hereditarily Baire space is Baire

In this paper, we show that the Wijsman hyperspace of a metric hereditarily Baire space is Baire. This solves a recent question posed by Zsilinszky. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Trace element impurity determination in aspirin tablets by INAA

Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to assess trace element concentrations in six samples of aspirin tablets acquired in SA o pound Paulo city, Brazil. Concentrations of the elements Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, K, La, Na, Sc and Zn were determined. Comparisons were made between the results obtained with published data for aspirins from foreign countries. Certified reference materials, INCT-MPH-2 Mixed Polish Herbs were analyzed for quality control of the analytical results.

Förpackningsproduktion samt studie om hur reumatikervänliga förpackningar är idag

AssiDomän Frövi board mill has in cooperation with students from Graphic Technologyat the University of Dalarna a degree project that involves developing package solutionsin carton material from AssiDomän Frövi. This year the basic condition was to use theweights 270g/m2, 300g/m2 and 330g/m2 and choose between Frövi Bright, Frövi Lightand Frövi Carry.The packages were supposed to be in the segments industrial products,chocolate/sweets and beauty products/cosmetics. Two packages were produced in thesegments industrial products and beauty products/cosmetics.The first package, produced in the industrial segment, contains textile color and templatesand the second package is a gift package and contains nail polish.The investigation part of the project deals with how the packages today are fit forrheumatics in opening purpose.

Det personliga nätverkets funktion : Etablering och underhåll av presonliga nätverk inom ljuddesign för rörlig bild

The aim of this paper was to discover the functions and workings of personal networks and their advantages for self-employed sound designers and producers whose focus was upon the moving image (film, advertising, tv, etc). Investigations on how entrepreneurs develop their networks were made, as well as inquiries on how these networks are used for generating work. Another important aspect perused was whether or not the networks are dependent on specific geographical locations in order to function. A case study and comparative analysis was undertaken, based upon three qualitative interviews with entrepreneurs whose operations shared several similar characteristics. The results pointed out the importance of constantly making new contacts, and maintaining and managing current ones. There was no evidence that traditional marketing strategies or advertising were used by the interviewees. New commissions were often gained from former clients or acquaintances, or through referrals from them. There are definite advantages to having one's business in the geographical area where one's contacts exist. This also makes it easier to keep up these contacts for future prospects. However, it is very feasible to take on contracts, do the job, and to deliver work to clients in far away locations, due to the high speed internet connections available today.Målet med denna uppsats var att ta reda på hur personliga nätverk fungerar och verkar till fördel för egenföretagande ljuddesigers för rörlig bild (Film, Reklam och tv etc.). Hur entreprenörerna utvecklar nätverken utforskades, även hur de används för att generera arbete samt om nätverken bör vara lokaliserade på en speciell plats för att fungera. En fallstudie och komparativ analys utfördes, baserad på tre kvalitativa intervjuer med entreprenörer vars verksamheter liknade varandra på flera plan. Resultatet påvisade vikten av att hela tiden skapa nya kontakter och underhålla befintliga sådana. Inget tydde på att traditionell marknadsföring eller reklam används. Nya uppdrag uppkommer oftast genom tidigare kunder, kontakter eller rekommendationer från dessa. Det finns klara fördelar med att bedriva sin verksamhet i det område där kontakterna finns och det är även lättare att underhålla dem i dessa fall. Det är dock fullt möjligt att åta sig, utföra och leverera uppdrag för befintliga kontakter på långt håll tack vare dagens snabba internetuppkopplingar.