788 resultados para Equitable and Inclusive Education
Resumo:
This paper contains a joint ESHG/ASHG position document with recommendations regarding responsible innovation in prenatal screening with non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). By virtue of its greater accuracy and safety with respect to prenatal screening for common autosomal aneuploidies, NIPT has the potential of helping the practice better achieve its aim of facilitating autonomous reproductive choices, provided that balanced pretest information and non-directive counseling are available as part of the screening offer. Depending on the health-care setting, different scenarios for NIPT-based screening for common autosomal aneuploidies are possible. The trade-offs involved in these scenarios should be assessed in light of the aim of screening, the balance of benefits and burdens for pregnant women and their partners and considerations of cost-effectiveness and justice. With improving screening technologies and decreasing costs of sequencing and analysis, it will become possible in the near future to significantly expand the scope of prenatal screening beyond common autosomal aneuploidies. Commercial providers have already begun expanding their tests to include sex-chromosomal abnormalities and microdeletions. However, multiple false positives may undermine the main achievement of NIPT in the context of prenatal screening: the significant reduction of the invasive testing rate. This document argues for a cautious expansion of the scope of prenatal screening to serious congenital and childhood disorders, only following sound validation studies and a comprehensive evaluation of all relevant aspects. A further core message of this document is that in countries where prenatal screening is offered as a public health programme, governments and public health authorities should adopt an active role to ensure the responsible innovation of prenatal screening on the basis of ethical principles. Crucial elements are the quality of the screening process as a whole (including non-laboratory aspects such as information and counseling), education of professionals, systematic evaluation of all aspects of prenatal screening, development of better evaluation tools in the light of the aim of the practice, accountability to all stakeholders including children born from screened pregnancies and persons living with the conditions targeted in prenatal screening and promotion of equity of access.
Resumo:
Most universities and higher education systems have formally taken up a third mission, which involves various public outreach and engagement activities. Little is known regarding how higher education institutions' organisations interact with academic's level of public outreach. This article examines to which extent the perceptions academics have of their institutions' culture and management style, as well as some of their own individual and statutory characteristics interact with their level of public outreach. Using the Academic Profession in Europe comparative and quantitative research database, this article focuses on two countries on the extremities of the spectrum - Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Resumo:
The creation of the European Higher Education Area has meant a number of significant changes to the educational structures of the university community. In particular, the new system of European credits has generated the need for innovation in the design of curricula and teaching methods. In this paper, we propose debating as a classroom tool that can help fulfill these objectives by promoting an active student role in learning. To demonstrate the potential of this tool, a classroom experiment was conducted in a bachelor’s degree course in Industrial Economics -Regulation and Competition-, involving a case study in competition policy and incorporating the techniques of a conventional debate -presentation of standpoints, turns, right to reply and summing up-. The experiment yielded gains in student attainment and positive assessments of the subject. In conclusion, the incorporation of debating activities helps students to acquire the skills, be they general or specific, required to graduate successfully in Economics.
Resumo:
Les següents pàgines tracten buscar sota quins referents teòrics i metodològics es fonamenta el mètode de “l’Emoció de conèixer i el desig d’existir”, un enfocament educatiu de caràcter global creat pel professor de la Universitat de Bolonya Nicola Cuomo. En primera instància, en forma de marc teòric, s’intenta recollir tots aquells postulats que Cuomo ha utilitzat per elaborar aquest mètode, i així el lector pot captar sota quins paradigmes i teories neix. En segon terme, i amb l’objectiu de buscar els punts de contacte i discrepància, es compara tot aquest marc teòric amb els principals arguments de tres referents mundials en educació inclusiva. En tercer lloc, i seguint amb l’objectiu del punt anterior, es compara aquesta base teòrica amb quatre didàctiques específiques, i així, trobar la relació entre les idees de Cuomo i els arguments que defineixen aquestes didàctiques. Com a últim apartat, s’estableixen unes conclusions que intenten definir, justificar i validar els referents teòrics i metodològics de “l’Emoció de conèixer...”, per tal d’evidenciar que el mètode pot ser un referent, un model, una pauta a tenir molt en consideració.
Resumo:
Actualment, és cada vegada més present en la nostra societat la paraula inclusió i més concretament en el nostre àmbit educatiu, el concepte d’educació inclusiva. Aquest treball pretén presentar una eina adaptada i traduïda al català anomenada Student Program Observation Tools, la qual serveix per fer un anàlisi d’una de les mesures d’atenció a la diversitat: els Plans Individualitzats, per tal de millorar-ne el contingut i ésser una ajuda per a les escoles però també perquè els alumnes amb necessitats educatives especials puguin tenir accés al currículum ordinari com la resta dels seus companys de classe.
Resumo:
L’objectiu principal d’aquest projecte és analitzar les diferències i semblances que hi ha entre les concepcions dels professors que treballen fent servir l’aprenentatge cooperatiu a l’aula, les d’aquells que no ho fan i les dels seus alumnes, respecte l’educació inclusiva i l’aprenentatge cooperatiu. També s’analitzarà si el temps que porta un professor treballant cooperativament a l’aula influeix en aquestes concepcions. Per tal de fer això es realitza un estudi de cas múltiple, a través set d’entrevistes a professors i tres focus groups amb alumnes. Aquets subjectes provenen de de tres escoles d’educació primària de Mataró les quals s’han seleccionat en funció del grau d’experiència que tenen aquestes amb l’aprenentatge cooperatiu. Els resultats d’aquests estudi ens mostren algunes línies de treball per analitzar les diferències en les concepcions del professorat i els alumnes en funció del grau en que aquests fan servir l’aprenentatge cooperatiu.
Resumo:
La present recerca té com a bases teòriques la Concepció Constructivista de l’Ensenyament i Aprenentatge Escolar en una perspectiva d’educació Inclusiva. Consisteix en un estudi de cas focalitzat a una classe de segon de secundària d’una escola específica. L’escola parteix de l’atenció a la diversitat del seu alumnat a partir del recurs propi d’Unitat de Suport a l’Educació Especial. L’estudi pretén donar resposta a les situacions de millora de les intervencions d’aquest recurs a l’aula en concret en referència a l’atenció a la diversitat.
Resumo:
The presence of e-portfolios in educational centres, companies and administrations has emergedstrongly during the last years by creating very different practices coming from different objectives and purposes. This situation has led researchers and practitioners to design and implement e-portfolios with little reference to previous knowledge of them; consequently, developments are disparate with many of the processes and dimensions used both in development and use being unnecessary complex. In order to minimize the inconveniences, unify these developmental processes and improve the resultsof implementation and use of e-portfolios, it seemed necessary to create a network of researchers, teachers and trainers coming from different universities and institutions of different kinds who are interested in the investigation and the practice of e-portfolios in Spain. Therefore, The Network on e-portfoliowas created in 2006, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and led by the UniversitatOberta de Catalunya. Besides the goals associatedwith the creation of this network and which wewanted to share with other European researchers and experts of other continents, we will also present in this paper some data concerned with the first study carried out on the use of e-portfolios in our country that shows where we are and which trends are the most important for the near future.