909 resultados para Controle de processo - Métodos estatísticos
Microbiologia da fermentação alcoólica: a importância do monitoramento microbiológico em destilarias
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Na análise funcional de imagens do cérebro podem utilizar-se diferentes métodos na identificação de zonas de activação. Tem havido uma evolução desde o método de correlação [19], para outros métodos [9] [14] até o método baseado no modelo linear generalizado que é mais comum ser utilizado hoje e que levou ao pacote de software SPM [15]. Deve-se principalmente à versatilidade que o método tem em realizar testes com diferentes objectivos. Têm sido publicados alguns estudos comparativos. Poucos têm sido quantitativos [20] e quando o são, o número de métodos testados é reduzido[22]. Há muitos estudos comparativos do ponto de vista da estatística envolvida (da matemática) mas que têm em geral apenas ns académicos. Um objectivo deste estudo é comparar os resultados obtidos por diferentes métodos. É de particular interesse averiguar o comportamento de cada método na fronteira do local de activação. As diferenças serão avaliadas numericamente para os seguintes métodos clássicos: t de Student, coeficiente de correlação e o modelo linear generalizado. Três novos métodos são também propostos - o método de picos de Fourier, o método de sobreposição e o método de amplitude. O segundo pode ser aplicado para o melhoramento dos métodos de t de Student, coe ciente de correlação e modelo linear generalizado. Ele pode no entanto, também manter-se como um método de análise independente. A influência exercida em cada método pelos parâmetros pertinentes é também medida. É adoptado um conjunto de dados clínicos que está amplamente estudado e documentado. Desta forma elimina-se a possibilidade dos resultados obtidos serem interpretados como sendo específicos do caso em estudo. Há situações em que a influência do método utilizado na identificação das áreas de activação de imagens funcionais do cérebro é crucial. Tal acontece, por exemplo, quando um tumor desenvolve-se perto de uma zona de activação responsável por uma função importante . Para o cirurgião tornase indispensável avaliar se existe alguma sobreposição. A escolha de um dos métodos disponíveis poderá ter infuência sobre a decisão final. Se o método escolhido for mais conservador, pode verificar-se sobreposição e eliminar-se a possibilidade de cirurgia. Porém, se o método for mais restritivo a decisão final pode ser favorável à cirurgia. Artigos recentes têm suportado a ideia de que a ressonância magnética funcional é de facto muito útil no processo de decisão pré-operatório [12].O segundo objectivo do estudo é então avaliar a sobreposição entre um volume de activação e o volume do tumor. Os programas informáticos de análise funcional disponíveis são variados em vários aspectos: na plataforma em que funcionam (macintosh, linux, windows ou outras), na linguagem em que foram desenvolvidos (e.g. c+motif, c+matlab, matlab, etc.) no tratamento inicial dos dados (antes da aplicação do método de análise), no formato das imagens e no(s) método(s) de análise escolhido(s). Este facto di culta qualquer tentativa de comparação. À partida esta poderá apenas ser qualitativa. Uma comparação quantitativa implicaria a necessidade de ocorrerem três factos: o utilizador tem acesso ao código do programa, sabe programar nas diferentes linguagens e tem licença de utilização de software comercial (e.g. matlab). Sendo assim foi decidido adoptar uma estratégia unificadora. Ou seja, criar um novo programa desenvolvido numa linguagem independente da plataforma, que não utilize software comercial e que permita aplicar (e comparar quantitativamente) diferentes métodos de análise funcional. A linguagem escolhida foi o JAVA. O programa desenvolvido no âmbito desta tese chama-se Cérebro.
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A presente tese de doutoramento tem por tema: “Discursos e práticas curriculares: um estudo dos métodos de ensino da leitura e da escrita no 1º ciclo do ensino básico. Estudo de caso múltiplo”. A investigação analisa compreensivamente, e de forma focalizada, as dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura do interesse do investigador enquanto professor de crianças com essas dificuldades e pretende explorar a possibilidade de melhorar a aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita através da adequação do método de ensino. Selecionaram-se alunos de cinco escolas públicas do concelho da Ribeira Brava, Região Autónoma da Madeira, a frequentarem o 1.º ano de escolaridade. O estudo incide sobre oito casos diferentes, mas com o fator comum de experimentarem insucesso na aprendizagem da leitura e escrita. A partir da avaliação compreensiva dos oito casos estudados, utilizando o método de estudo de caso múltiplo, definiram-se os estilos individuais de aprendizagem para, a partir destes, adequar a metodologia de ensino da leitura e da escrita e observar os efeitos na aprendizagem. Os casos estudados tinham dificuldades de aprendizagem gerais e específicas. As dificuldades de aprendizagem gerais relacionavam-se com dificuldades de etiologia não especificada e as específicas eram do tipo dislexia, perturbação da atenção por hiperatividade, síndrome de Asperger, dificuldades no funcionamento intelectual e perturbação no desenvolvimento da linguagem. Apresentam-se as conceções dos professores sobre currículo, sobre o processo de aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita e as correspondentes práticas de ensino. Os professores participantes foram selecionados de forma a constituírem um grupo heterogéneo no que diz respeito à sua idade, anos de experiência e instituição de formação inicial. A investigação recorre à observação participante, à consulta documental e a entrevistas. O investigador utiliza o diário de bordo em complementaridade com a observação participante, no sentido de compreender o contexto e as significações dos participantes. Os resultados mostram os efeitos positivos do método de João de Deus na reeducação dos casos de dislexia, perturbação da linguagem e problemas no funcionamento intelectual. O método das 28 palavras revelou-se adequado na reeducação da leitura nos casos de défice de atenção, síndrome de Asperger e dificuldades de aprendizagem não especificadas.
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NASCIMENTO, H. G. ; FERNANDES, L. C. ; SOUSA, M. B. C. . Avaliação da fidedignidade dos ensaios de esteróides fecais realizados no Laboratório de Medidas Hormonais do Departamento de Fisiologia da UFRN. Publica , v. 2, p. 39-48, 2006.
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ARAÚJO, Marta Maria de. Formação do educador no curso de pedagogia de Caicó-RN: reprodução ou transformação social. Porto Alegre, 1985. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Curso de Pós-graduação em Educação. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto alegre, 1985
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Objetivou-se caracterizar os saberes de enfermeiros sobre o Processo de Enfermagem. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de natureza exploratório-descritivo, efetivado nos meses de agosto de 2010 a junho de 2011 com 12 enfermeiros atuantes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte-Ceará. Aplicou-se uma entrevista através de um roteiro semiestruturado após a assinatura do termo de anuência pelos participantes. Resultados: Os enfermeiros percebem o Processo de Enfermagem como uma ferramenta tecnológica que permite a oferta de uma assistência de enfermagem sistemática, racional e planejada, tendo em vista o reconhecimento e atendimento das necessidades humanas básicas do ser cuidado. Conclusão: Portanto, os enfermeiros detêm uma convicção clara acerca da significação do Processo de Enfermagem e sua capacidade de satisfazer as demandas de cuidado do indivíduo, família e comunidade
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From the end of the 80s, the Brazilian higher education experience strong growth, coming from the private sector, which would intensify further in the late 90th Higher education has become a lucrative business. With a drop in the number of students entering and strong competition, the number of idle places in private institutions of higher education reached 49.5% in 2004. That same year, by Measure, was the University for All Program (PROUNI) program, to include high school students from public higher education, offering scholarships to those students in private HEIs. In exchange, the IES gain tax exemption. The objective of this research is to investigate the game of interest occurred in the formulation of this program and identify the model and the political game and has led to the creation of PROUNI, analyzing the process occurred since the wording of a bill, the issue of Measure Law and that the legitimacy PROUNI, with the most important changes made initial model. Since the first draft of the Law to the final Act, the PROUNI was disfigured in its main points, as the percentage of stock for paying students, the process of selection of stock and bond of the IES program. Throughout the process of creating the program, it is quite clear the performance of the institutions representing the private higher education. As reference for the analysis was based on Rational Choice Theory of Political Science. The basic argument of the methods based on rational choice is the maximization of the benefit will be the main motivation of individuals, but they can give that your goals can be achieved more effectively through institutional action and thereby discover that their conduct is shaped by institutions. Thus, individuals rationally choose to get to a certain extent constrained to join in certain institutions, whether voluntarily or not. The PROUNI was submitted by government and public policy covered by the mystical aura of the discourse of social justice and economic development, as in higher education includes a stratum of people who would not have access to the university, due to restrictions in the supply network public higher education. However, the greatest benefit from the program are the private HEIs, which through a difficult time in a scenario marked by high competition and idleness of nearly half of the vacancies offered. The PROUNI became a program that prioritizes access and not the residence of the student to higher education. More serious than a supporting program for students Fellows is a program supporting the institutions of private education
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The change in the economic world and the emergence of Internet as a tool for communication and integration among the markets have forced organizations to adopt a different structure, process-oriented with a focus on information management. Thus, information technology has gained prominence in the organizational context, increasing its complexity and range of services provided by this function. Moreover, outsourcing has become an important model for flexible corporate structure, helping organizations to achieve better results when carrying out their activities and processes and be more competitive. To make the IT outsourcing, it is necessary to follow certain steps that range from strategic assessment to the management of outsourced service. Such steps can influence the form of contracting services, varying the types of service providers and contractors. Thus, the study aimed to identify how this IT outsourcing process influences the use of models for contracting services. For this, a study was conducted in multiple cases study involving two companies in Rio Grande do Norte State, specifically the health sector. Data collection was carried out with the CIOs of the companies surveyed through semi-structured interviews. According to the results obtained, it was found that the outsourcing process more structured influences the use of a more advanced contracting model. However, there are features found in these steps carrying more clearly this influence, as the goals pursued by outsourcing, the criteria used in selecting the supplier, a contract negotiation, how to transition services and the use of methods management, but can vary depending on the level of maturity in the relationship of the companies examined. Moreover, it was found that the use of contracting model may also influence how it is developed the IT outsourcing process, requiring or not its more formalized and organization
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The current study presents the characteristics of self-efficacy of students of Administration course, who work and do not work. The study was conducted through a field research, descriptive, addressed quantitatively using statistical procedures. Was studied a population composed of 394 students distributed in three Higher Education Institutions, in the metropolitan region of Belém, in the State of Pará. The sampling was not probabilistic by accessibility, with a sample of 254 subjects. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire composed of a set of questions divided into three sections: the first related to sociodemographic data, the second section was built to identify the work situation of the respondent and the third section was built with issues related to General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale proposed by Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1999). Sociodemographic data were processed using methods of descriptive statistics. This procedure allowed characterizing the subjects of the sample. To identify the work situation, the analysis of frequency and percentage was used, which allowed to classify in percentage, the respondents who worked and those that did not work, and the data related to the scale of self-efficacy were processed quantitatively by the method of multivariate statistics using the software of program Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows - SPSS, version 17 from the process of Exploratory Factor Analysis. This procedure allowed characterizing the students who worked and the students who did not worked. The results were discussed based on Social Cognitive Theory from the construct of self-efficacy of Albert Bandura (1977). The study results showed a young sample, composed the majority of single women with work experience, and indicated that the characteristics of self-efficacy of students who work and students who do not work are different. The self-efficacy beliefs of students who do not work are based on psychological expectations, whereas the students who work demonstrated that their efficacy beliefs are sustained by previous experiences. A student who does not work proved to be reliant in their abilities to achieve a successful performance in their activities, believing it to be easy to achieve your goals and to face difficult situations at work, simply by invest a necessary effort and trust in their abilities. One who has experience working proved to be reliant in their abilities to conduct courses of action, although know that it is not easy to achieve your goals, and in unexpected situations showed its ability to solve difficult problems
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This dissertation addresses the electronic surveillance theme in the banking context. The research that originated it, which was held in an organization called for the fiction name Banco Total, started from the following driving question: How do workers at a bank perceive electronic surveillance at their process of work? The research s main objective was to comprehend how workers perceive electronic surveillance at their process of work. The study adopted an interdisciplinary perspective, having Management as the original field, establishing a dialogue with others disciplines, like Philosophy and Sociology. About its methodology, it s a qualitative research that addressed its object in oral (interviews with live history elements) way. . Ten individuals were interviewed. The analytical process utilized the hermeneutical-dialectics technique.. From the analyses (hermeneutics) of the data, the following themes have emerged: (i) Acquiescence ; (ii) Monitoring; (iii) Time and Motion; (iv) Fear; (v) Interdiction; and (vi) Resistance . From the discussion (dialectic) of the results, this work presents three synthetic propositions that culminate in the following dimensions (i) control; (ii) acquiescence; (iii) corporative totalitarianism. It can be concluded that electronic surveillance is one mechanism of control emerged from the apply of technology at Total Bank; that information technology has been improving the control mechanisms of management theories; and that the imbrications between management and material technology control mechanisms at a context where there is acquiescence by workers contribute for the emergency of corporative totalitarianism components
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Since the emergence of the first demands for actions that were intended to give greater attention to culture in Brazil, came the first discussions which concerned the way the Brazilian government could have a positive influence in encouraging the culture, as is its interaction with the actors interested and involved with the cause. During the military dictatorship, there were programs which relied on the direct participation of the State to ensure that right, from the viewpoint of its support and implementation of public resources in developing the "cultural product" to be brought to society in its various forms of expression - all this, funded by the government. It is an example of "EMBRAFILMES" and "Projeto Seis e Meia", continued until the present day in some regions of the country, though maintained by entities not directly connected with the administration or the government. However, it was from the period of democratization and the end of the dictatorship that the Brazilian government began to look at the different culture, under its guarantee to the society. Came the first incentive laws, led by "Lei Sarney" Nº 7.505/86, which was culture as a segment which could receive foreign assistance in order to assist the government in fulfilling its public duty. After Collor era and the end of the embargo through the encouragement of culture incentive laws, consolidated the incentive model proposed in advance of Culture "Lei Sarney" and the federal laws, state and local regimentares as close to this action. This applies to the Rouanet Law (Lei Rouanet), Câmara Cascudo Law (Lei Câmara Cascudo) and Djalma Maranhão Cultural Incentive Law (Lei de Incentivo à Cultura Djalma Maranhão), existing in Natal and Rio Grande do Norte. Since then, business entities could help groups and cultural organizations to keep their work from the political sponsorship under control and regiment through the Brazilian state in the form of their Cultural Incentive Law. This framework has contributed to the strengthening of NGOs and with the consolidation of these institutions as the linchpin of Republican guaranteeing the right to access to culture, but corporate social responsibility was the one who took off in the segment treated here, through the actions of Responsibility Cultural enterprises arising from the Cultural Organizations. Therefore, in the face of this discourse, this study ascertains the process of encouraging the Culture in Rio Grande do Norte from the Deviant Case Analysis at the Casa da Ribeira, the main Cultural Organization that operates, focused action in Natal in order to assess the relationships established between the same entity and the institutions which are entitled to maintain the process of encouraging treated in this study - Enterprise, from the viewpoint of corporate sponsorship and Cultural Responsibility and State in the form of the Laws Incentive Funds and Public Culture Incentive