Spectral absorption properties of aerosol particles from 350-2500nm

The aerosol spectral absorption efficiency (alpha(a) in m(2)/g) is measured over an extended wavelength range (350-2500 nm) using an improved calibrated and validated reflectance technique and applied to urban aerosol samples from Sao Paulo, Brazil and from a site in Virginia, Eastern US, that experiences transported urban/industrial aerosol. The average alpha(a) values (similar to 3m(2)/g at 550 nm) for Sao Paulo samples are 10 times larger than a a values obtained for aerosols in Virginia. Sao Paulo aerosols also show evidence of enhanced UV absorption in selected samples, probably associated with organic aerosol components. This extra UV absorption can double the absorption efficiency observed from black carbon alone, therefore reducing by up to 50% the surface UV fluxes, with important implications for climate, UV photolysis rates, and remote sensing from space. Citation: Martins, J.V., P. Artaxo, Y.J. Kaufman, A.D. Castanho, and L.A. Remer (2009), Spectral absorption properties of aerosol particles from 350-2500nm, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L13810, doi: 10.1029/2009GL037435.

Dust and smoke transport from Africa to South America: Lidar profiling over Cape Verde and the Amazon rainforest

Quasi-simultaneous vertically resolved multiwavelength aerosol Raman lidar observations were conducted in the near field (Praia, Cape Verde, 15 degrees N, 23.5 degrees W) and in the far field (Manaus, Amazon basin, Brazil, 2.5 degrees S, 60 degrees W) of the long-range transport regime between West Africa and South America. Based on a unique data set (case study) of spectrally resolved backscatter and extinction coefficients, and of the depolarization ratio a detailed characterization of aerosol properties, vertical stratification, mixing, and aging behavior during the long-distance travel in February 2008 (dry season in western Africa, wet season in the Amazon basin) is presented. While highly stratified aerosol layers of dust and smoke up to 5.5 km height were found close to Africa, the aerosol over Manaus was almost well-mixed, reached up to 3.5 km, and mainly consisted of aged biomass burning smoke. Citation: Ansmann, A., H. Baars, M. Tesche, D. Muller, D. Althausen, R. Engelmann, T. Pauliquevis, and P. Artaxo (2009), Dust and smoke transport from Africa to South America: Lidar profiling over Cape Verde and the Amazon rainforest, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L11802, doi: 10.1029/2009GL037923.

Sudden stratospheric warmings seen in MINOS deep underground muon data

The rate of high energy cosmic ray muons as measured underground is shown to be strongly correlated with upper-air temperatures during short-term atmospheric (10-day) events. The effects are seen by correlating data from the MINOS underground detector and temperatures from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts during the winter periods from 2003-2007. This effect provides an independent technique for the measurement of meteorological conditions and presents a unique opportunity to measure both short and long-term changes in this important part of the atmosphere. Citation: Osprey, S., et al. (2009), Sudden stratospheric warmings seen in MINOS deep underground muon data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L05809, doi: 10.1029/2008GL036359.

THE EXTENT OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY AUTHORSHIP OF ARTICLES ON SCIENTOMETRICS AND BIBLIOMETRICS IN BRAZIL

The publications in scientometrics and bibliometrics with Brazilian authorship expanded exponentially in the 1990-2006 period, reaching 13 times in the Web of Science database and 19.5 times in the Google Scholar database. This increase is rather superior to that of the total Brazilian scientific production in the same time period (5.6 times in the Web of Science). Some characteristics to be noticed in this rise are: 1) The total number of articles during this period was 197; in that, 78% were published in 57 Brazilian journals and 22% in 13 international journals. 2) The national and international articles averaged 4.3 and 5.9 citations/article, respectively; two journals stood out among these, the national Ciencia da Informacao (44 articles averaging 6.7 citations/article) and the international Scientometrics (32 articles averaging 6.2 citations/article). 3) The articles encompass an impressive participation of authors from areas other than information science; only one-fourth of the authors are bound to the information science field, the remaining ones being distributed among the areas of humanities/business administration, biology/biomedicine, health and hard sciences. The occurrence of adventitious authors at this level of multidisciplinarity is uncommon in science. However, the possible benefits of such patterns are not clear in view of a fragmented intercommunication among the authors, as noticed through the citations. The advantages of changing this trend and of using other scientometric and bibliometric databases, such as SciELO, to avoid an almost exclusive use of the Web of Science database, are discussed.

Game-based Learning (Interactive Demo)

What does the lesson “Finding Citations,” the game “Trivial Pursuit,” and the mechanic “Bluffing” all have in common? In this bootcamp brainstorm facilitated by a CUNY professor, attendees are broken up into design teams whose job it is to enhance a traditional lesson with the mechanics of popular board games in only 20 minutes. Whether you have to teach the rules of citation or the rules of interviewing, there is usually a game plan that can help. This game teaches you how to integrate educational games into your classroom, while providing a fun introduction to the principles of game-based learning.

QoS-aware model driven architecture through the UML and CIM

The specification of Quality of Service (QoS) constraints over software design requires measures that ensure such requirements are met by the delivered product. Achieving this goal is non-trivial, as it involves, at least, identifying how QoS constraint specifications should be checked at the runtime. In this paper we present an implementation of a Model Driven Architecture (MDA) based framework for the runtime monitoring of QoS properties. We incorporate the UML2 superstructure and the UML profile for Quality of Service to provide abstract descriptions of component-and-connector systems. We then define transformations that refine the UML2 models to conform with the Distributed Management Taskforce (DMTF) Common Information Model (CIM) (Distributed Management Task Force Inc. 2006), a schema standard for management and instrumentation of hardware and software. Finally, we provide a mapping the CIM metamodel to a .NET-based metamodel for implementation of the monitoring infrastructure utilising various .NET features including the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) interface.

Relação entre algumas características de periódicos de física e seus fatores de impacto

Analisa com métodos cienciométricos a relação entre algumas características de uma amostra de periódicos de Física e os valores de Fator de Impacto (FI) publicados no Journal Citation Reports (JCR), no período de 1993 a 2000. As características estudadas são: sub-área do conhecimento, evolução temporal, tipo e tamanho do periódico, densidade dos artigos e ritmo de obsolescência da literatura. A amostra foi constituída de modo não aleatório, abrangendo todos os títulos classificados pelo Journal Citation Reports (JCR) como sendo de algumas sub-áreas da Física: Física; Física Aplicada; Física Atômica, Molecular e Química; Física da Matéria Condensada; Física de Fluídos e de Plasmas; Física Matemática; Física Nuclear; Física de Partículas e Campos; Ótica; e, Astronomia e Astrofísica. Ao total analisou-se 376 periódicos. Foi elaborado um banco de dados no programa Statistics Packet for Social Science (SPSS) versão 8.0 para a coleta das informações necessárias para a realização do estudo, bem como para o tratamento estatístico das mesmas. As hipóteses de trabalho foram testadas através da Análise de Variância (ANOVA), do Teste χ2 e da Dupla Análise de Variância por Posto de Friedman. As análises empreendidas resultaram na comprovação das seis hipóteses de trabalho à medida que foi verificado que as variáveis: tipo, tamanho, densidade, ritmo de obsolescência, sub-área e tempo influenciam, umas em maior grau, outras com menor intensidade, os valores de FI. Especificamente, destaca-se que o tamanho e o ritmo de obsolescência são as características dos periódicos que se correlacionam mais fortemente com o FI. A densidade apresentou o menor poder explicativo das diferenças existentes entre o impacto das publicações. O aspecto mais relevante verificado está na existência de associação entre sub-área e FI. As cinco sub-áreas que se distinguem das demais são: a Óptica e a Física Aplicada por apresentarem valores médios baixos de FI; e a Física de Partículas e Campos, a Física Atômica, Molecular e Química e a Física Nuclear devido às médias altas. O estudo conclui que o FI deve ser utilizado somente de modo contextualizado e relativizado.

Produção acadêmica em recursos humanos na década de 90: uma análise metateórica da pesquisa brasileira em periódicos e nos anais do ENANPAD

Nos últimos anos, a academia brasileira de administração tem se voltado para si própria em uma análise crítica retrospectiva que busca indagar se, além do evidente crescimento quantitativo, a produção acadêmica na área cresceu também em qualidade, rigor, relevância e originalidade. Nas áreas pesquisadas até o momento, o campo parece não estar satisfeito com a imagem que o espelho lhe mostra. A área de Recursos Humanos foi uma das poucas que ainda não conduziram um balanço abrangente de sua produção. Este trabalho procura justamente preencher essa lacuna, a partir do estudo dos artigos aceitos na área nos Enanpads da década de 1990 (1991-2000), e tem por objeto de análise a temática, a base epistemológica, a metodologia, o padrão de referência bibliográfica e demografia de autoria, dos 290 artigos publicados nos anais do Encontro, no período referido.

Análise bibliométrica da produção científica brasileira de RH na década de 1990 - um mapeamento a partir das citações dos artigos publicados no ENANPAD

Neste artigo, é usada análise bibliométrica para entender a influência de autores e instituições na produção acadêmica em Recursos Humanos no Brasil na década de 90, bem como para mapear o comportamento de auto-citações e citações à própria instituição dos autores que produziram no período. O estudo levantou, nos 290 artigos de RH publicados na década de 90 (1991 a 2000) nos anais do Enanpad, a constituição, origem e padrão de interrelação de todas as citações, autores e instituições que publicaram e foram citados na área. No total, analisaram-se os padrões bibliométricos de 5814 citações, que compreendiam 342 autores, advindos de 51 instituições. Os resultados mostram uma área com alto índice de auto-citação e endogenia, e com uma elevada incidência de citação de jornais, revistas e autores estrangeiros e não acadêmicos; revelam também que Maria Tereza Fleury (FEA/USP) foi a acadêmica mais citada; que a USP, UFMG, UFRGS e a FGV-EAESP (nessa ordem) são as instituições com os autores mais citados; que a RAE é o veículo nacional mais referenciado no campo; e que alguns autores e instituições que publicaram no período têm elevada propensão à auto-citação e à consulta predominante a autores de sua própria instituição. O artigo termina oferecendo ao campo sugestões para desenvolvimento e debate, a partir dos seus resultados e sua comparação com trabalhos anteriores analisando a mesma base amostral.

Solidariedade: uma possiblidade de integração no ensino básico e profissional das escolas técnicas do governo do estado do Rio de Janeiro

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar fatores críticos que possibilitarão implantação, com desenvolvimento coletivo individual, de uma Política Pública centrada na variável solidariedade, como meio de busca da integração para melhoria da Educação Básica Profissional do Sistema das Escolas Técnicas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, sob responsabilidade da Fundação de Apoio Escola Técnica (FAETEC). pesquisa teve como referência de busca de dados informações, em sua maioria, de profissionais, alunos stakeholders alijados da participação concreta da atual Política Pública da FAETEC de suas respectivas unidades. Por isso Paulo Freire também serviu como referencial, principalmente no que diz em relação aos excluídos na página 19, do livro "Educação Mudança" quando escreve: "O verdadeiro compromisso solidariedade, não solidariedade com os que negam compromisso solidário, mas com aqueles que, na situação concreta, se encontram convertidos em coisas". Essas premissas fortaleceram escolha da pesquisa-ação como metodologia. Dos stakeholders citamos o Sindicato dos Técnicos Industriais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (SINTEC-RJ). Associação de Pais Responsáveis de Alunos da Escola Técnica Estadual Adolpho Bloch (APRAETEAB) Conselho Regional de Engenharia Arquitetura (CREA-RJ) através de Técnicos que são Inspetores na atual gestão. Participaram também outras pessoas interessadas, cujas colaborações foram efetivas, todos se empenharam em colaborar para que, mesmo enfrentando dificuldades, pesquisa fosse suficiente mostrasse que estávamos fertilizando terreno propício implantação futura de uma nova Política Pública nessa Instituição, combatendo egoísmo, orgulho vaidade daqueles que, independentemente de ideologias já foram corroídos em seu caráter, mais, demonstram em seu corporativismo mal orientado, que egoísmo coletivo traz de malefícios, inclusive o de não conseguir ver possibilidade de um mundo melhor: uma outra globalização.

Combining collaborative and content-based filtering to recommend research papers

The number of research papers available today is growing at a staggering rate, generating a huge amount of information that people cannot keep up with. According to a tendency indicated by the United States’ National Science Foundation, more than 10 million new papers will be published in the next 20 years. Because most of these papers will be available on the Web, this research focus on exploring issues on recommending research papers to users, in order to directly lead users to papers of their interest. Recommender systems are used to recommend items to users among a huge stream of available items, according to users’ interests. This research focuses on the two most prevalent techniques to date, namely Content-Based Filtering and Collaborative Filtering. The first explores the text of the paper itself, recommending items similar in content to the ones the user has rated in the past. The second explores the citation web existing among papers. As these two techniques have complementary advantages, we explored hybrid approaches to recommending research papers. We created standalone and hybrid versions of algorithms and evaluated them through both offline experiments on a database of 102,295 papers, and an online experiment with 110 users. Our results show that the two techniques can be successfully combined to recommend papers. The coverage is also increased at the level of 100% in the hybrid algorithms. In addition, we found that different algorithms are more suitable for recommending different kinds of papers. Finally, we verified that users’ research experience influences the way users perceive recommendations. In parallel, we found that there are no significant differences in recommending papers for users from different countries. However, our results showed that users’ interacting with a research paper Recommender Systems are much happier when the interface is presented in the user’s native language, regardless the language that the papers are written. Therefore, an interface should be tailored to the user’s mother language.

Rising Publication Delays Inflate Journal Impact Factors

Journal impact factors have become an important criterion to judge the quality of scientific publications over the years, influencing the evaluation of institutions and individual researchers worldwide. However, they are also subject to a number of criticisms. Here we point out that the calculation of a journal’s impact factor is mainly based on the date of publication of its articles in print form, despite the fact that most journals now make their articles available online before that date. We analyze 61 neuroscience journals and show that delays between online and print publication of articles increased steadily over the last decade. Importantly, such a practice varies widely among journals, as some of them have no delays, while for others this period is longer than a year. Using a modified impact factor based on online rather than print publication dates, we demonstrate that online-to-print delays can artificially raise a journal’s impact factor, and that this inflation is greater for longer publication lags. We also show that correcting the effect of publication delay on impact factors changes journal rankings based on this metric. We thus suggest that indexing of articles in citation databases and calculation of citation metrics should be based on the date of an article’s online appearance, rather than on that of its publication in print.

Scientific knowledge and digital democracy in Brazil: how to assess public health policy debate with applied Scientometrics

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A Perda Auditiva Induzida pelo Ruído (PAIR) na formação odontológica: conhecimentos e níveis de exposição

The rationalization of work in the Dentistry has been taking the professional to work for ways and systems based in the ergonomics, turning their work efficient and less tiring. Since their academic formation, the dentists surgeons are concerned with the high productivity in clinic and with the final result of the work, neglecting the way as it is executed, which reduce their work capacity and exhibits them to occupational diseases that could be minimized and/or forewarned. This research had as the main objective to investigate the knowledge of the Dentistry academics of Rio Grande do Norte Federal University concerning the Noise-induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), relating them at the noise levels that they are exposed, as well as to the preventive measures taken during the clinical activities. Was observed that 95% of the individuals know that the dentist surgeon is a professional in risk for NIHL. Among the causes of NIHL, the one that obtained the largest frequency citation was the high-speed handpieces, reminded by 92,4% of the academics. Among the students which enumerated protective measures for NIHL, 92% mentioned the use of the ear plugs, although 97% of the researched have told do not use any kind of preventive measure related to the noise. Was also observed that 96% of the academics notice the noise during the clinical attendance, what inconvenience 28,1% of them. Related the noise levels, the high-speed handpieces of the academics presented a medium value of 80,5 dB varying from 72,3 to 88,3 dB. The average of the ambient noise observed at the Integrated Clinic was about 74,8 dB. In spite of the noise levels in this research were observed below the established limits of tolerance by the legislation, they can provoke damages to the Dentistry professionals' health, or that suggests the need of an intervention and use of immediate preventive measures able to generate a healthy atmosphere of work and less risky

A neural system to robust Nonlinear optimization subject to disjoint and constrained sets

The ability of neural networks to realize some complex nonlinear function makes them attractive for system identification. This paper describes a novel method using artificial neural networks to solve robust parameter estimation problems for nonlinear models with unknown-but-bounded errors and uncertainties. More specifically, a modified Hopfield network is developed and its internal parameters are computed using the valid-subspace technique. These parameters guarantee the network convergence to the equilibrium points. A solution for the robust estimation problem with unknown-but-bounded error corresponds to an equilibrium point of the network. Simulation results are presented as an illustration of the proposed approach.