Abertura comercial, internacionalização e competitividade: a indústria brasileira de máquinas têxteis após os anos 1990

Este artigo avalia os resultados do processo de reestruturação da indústria brasileira de máquinas têxteis, originado pelas reformas econômicas liberalizantes iniciadas no final dos anos 1980 e início dos 1990 e pelas medidas macroeconômicas que deram sustentação ao Plano Real, a partir de julho de 1994. Inicialmente, fazemos uma avaliação teórica das fontes do conhecimento e das formas de capacitação tecnológica nessa indústria. A seguir, expomos brevemente as principais características da indústria de máquinas têxteis em âmbito global. Posteriormente, direcionando a discussão para o caso brasileiro, apresentamos as especificidades da indústria têxtil, usuária daqueles bens, e do próprio setor de máquinas nacional. Através dos fluxos de comércio exterior do Brasil entre 1990 e 2004 e da variação do valor médio (US$ FOB/KG) desses fluxos, o artigo examina as mudanças estruturais, tecnológicas e, por conseguinte, na competitividade, que culminaram na transformação da indústria brasileira de máquinas têxteis, em termos de dimensão (escala) e escopo, e em uma nova inserção internacional, agora mais especializada e subordinada.

Desenvolvimento e implantação de um sistema de gestão de pedidos de informação endereçados à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte a partir do serviço de informações ao cidadão (E-SIC)

Among the numerous policy changes that the world has experienced in recent years, occupies a prominent place in the quest for greater transparency of public agencies. Transparency has been an important tool in the accountability of the State to promote greater participation of the society by providing information that was previously restricted knowledge of public agencies. Brazil, following this trend, promulgated in May 2012 the Access to Information Act that seeks to disclose the actions of the State at all levels, in all public administration agencies. On the same day of the enactment of the law is provided society with a site that is empowering citizens to make their requests for information to government agencies. The Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, which at that time had no a tool to assist them in managing this demand. This project has the objective to describe, build and implement a solution to solve this problem using Design Science Research as methodology. As result, the solution built in this research became a new module of the institution s ERP became it capable to control the entire process, and will be helpful to others partners which use our system ERP

Gestão da segurança e saúde no trabalho em empresas produtoras de baterias automotivas: um estudo para identificar boas práticas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Um enfoque psicológico da educação ambiental no contexto da gestão: uma experiência de Fernando de Noronha

Currently, many companies pay attention to the necessities of change of attitude in relation to the use of the natural resources and the environment quality of its products, mainly to keep a positive and competitive image in the market. This new concept of management associates the productive activities to the care with environment using the education of environment as a tool of programs of qualification directed toward the promotion of pro-environment behaviors. For effectiveness of this management it is essential the attachment of the employees and the major understanding of the importance of the preservation of the environment. This was the objective of the qualification process carried out in a lodge in Fernando de Noronha island. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to verify the power of this management system which fulfills the objectives of the environmental education. It was applied questionnaires to employees of three Inns and carried out a interview, in one Inn, with the participants of the program of qualification. The analysis of the data showed that the actions as care with the environment are strongly associates to the management system, which includes garbage control, as well water economy. It was observed that the environment accomplishment (EcoAntro) of the employees with environment decreases in proportion to their qualification. In the same way, as higher the instruction level, of the speaker and/or of the father, less is the apathy for environmental questions. It was also noticed that the knowledge about the development sustainability was very poorly used by the interviewed. The pro-environment behavior mentioned before, is not necessarily related to a local autonomy posture that could express a behavior related to job but not to environment it self. Therefore, a complete understanding about the reverberation of environment information an all the placed factors in a life stile facing a construction of sustainability remains as a question to be studied in future researches

Serviço Social e terceiro setor: considerações sobre as atuais relações e condições de trabalho para o Assistente Social em Natal

The present study analyses the actual relations and work conditions found in the third sector in Natal city, in the context of productive restoration and increasingly retraction from the State in providing Social Service before the new approach that has been destined to the social issue. The study talks about the work of the social worker when fighting the different expressions the social issue has, such as social service provision as a way of teamwork associated to work relations and conditions, to accessible resources and quality control management. These are elements that affect and interfere in the accomplishment and in the work of the social worker itself. The State s improvement, according to neoliberal-political precepts and increasingly retraction from the public investment in the areas of social concern (health, social welfare, assistance) and in the wage and employment policy, besides expanding the partnership with the public and private areas, in search for social services with quality, it has diversified the structures of the professional work with the growth of the so called third sector institutions. However, the absorption of the social workers by the third sector groups in general, has as major features the impoverishment of work relations, the maintenance of an unequal salary model, pointing out the deadline contracts and/or single tasks that generate work instability. The research debates, with a critical view and full perspective, over the conception of the third sector, interpreted as an action that expresses functions and values, treated as a real phenomenon generated from the restoration of the capital based on neoliberal principles. This study aims for responding what the established work relations are and under what work conditions the social worker has been fitting in the third sector and how such a reality echoes in the current work conditions for a social work in the city of Natal, before this new model of state intervention that transfers part of the social service provision to distinctive divisions of society, among them the so called third sector. The research results have shown that like the other workers the social worker passes through the same crises, dilemmas, advances and challenges that occur in the world of employment and which are expressed in the drop of salary average in the growth of contemporary contracts, unemployment, and in the ever more selective requirements to one be included in the social spaces, where the professional work is done, having as a result a greater impoverishment of work relations and conditions as well as more vulnerability as a salaried occupation

Lazer e urbanização: a dinâmica do setor de serviços no litoral de Parnamirim e Nísia Floresta - RN

The research here undertaken analyzes the process of urbanization on the coast of Panamirim - RN and Nísia Floresta - RN, arising from leisure, the main leisure expression was considered the second residence and coastal tourism. The leisure promoted the growth of businesses and public and private services to meet consumer demand in that area, which initially occurred with users of second home, and which also gradually begin to occupy the coastline of these municipalities in 1980 and more recently with the development of tourism in the 1990s until now. To undertake such an analysis, we did the georeferencing about the trade and also public and private services of that coast, characterizing them; evaluated the extent to which services deployed in this area meets the demands of tourists and users of second residence; it was also identified how the centrality of Natal interferes in the expansion of services in these locations. The spatial area of research includes the coastal municipalities of Parnamirim and Nísia Floresta, considering the limits of the census of the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística- IBGE, and about the time frame, it was considered the 1990s to the present day. The methodology consists of: 1. survey and reading of the literature related to the researched topic, serving as the theoretical analysis in the construction of the object studied; 2. collection and organization of secondary data by the IBGE and tourism sectors of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal and main municipalities of the research; 3. Questionnaires and / or interviews with the traders, service providers, tourists, users of second homes, local residents, and government. The analysis of such data collected allowed the preparation of graphs, maps and tables that illustrate the results obtained in the research field, basing so the study. The relevance of the study is shown by the extensive survey data involving agents of the research, including tourists, users of second homes and, above all, the data for the service sector that did not exist in the analyzed area. The study results identified in the area analyzed the emergence of three new centers, arising from the urbanization process from leisure, one of them located in the municipality of Nísia Foresta Beach in Barra de Tabatinga, and two in Parnamirim, more specifically in locality Pium and Beach Pirangi do Norte. It was further observed that, being located in tourist areas, the main feature of these new centers is seasonality

Investigação da rentabilidade de clientes: um estudo no setor hoteleiro do Nordeste

This study presents an investigation about customer profitability in the hotel industry. It exposes the hotel industry´s history and its managerial environment, besides its importance to the society and economy, considering the increasement of the hotel industry. It realizes a literature survey about the customer profitability, emphasizing the informations that are necessary to measurement. In order to perceive the hotel reality, a questionnaire was applied in some hotels classified as middle and great size. It has covered five Brasilian Northeast states. The objective of the research is to investigate the existence of an individual measurement to the customer profitability, through the hotel´s information systems. The results reveal that 81,6% of the sampled hotels do not evaluate the individual profitability obtained with the customers , while 18,4% do it. Although, 85,8% recognize the importance of the electronic system that supplies this information for decisions. Finally, it concludes that the informations about individual customer profitability may provide a good opportunity to the hotel maximize your customer relationships

Gestão por Competências em Organizações Públicas: O Processo de Transformação Organizacional e seus Impactos Junto aos Servidores na Secretaria Estadual de Administração e Recursos Humanos (SEARH/RN)

The state has changed over time in order to meet a society with increasingly stringent demands. Techniques of private means begin to be employed in an attempt to overcome the dysfunctions entrenched bureaucracy, making the machine faster. By federal law by the People Management Skills was established as a reference for the administration of Human Resources of the public sector in an attempt to develop professionally servers, based mainly on the three pillars of the model: the knowledge, skills and attitudes. This thesis aims at understanding, in the view of employees, the perceived impacts on the organizational changes occurring in the Department of Administration and Human Resources of the State of Rio Grande do Norte in order to implement a People Management Skills-based. It is a simple case study, characterized by the research during a certain period of time, collecting data in a real environment of an organization, in this case SEARH/RN. The procedures used in collecting data were the literature review, documental research and field research. We used a qualitative approach with exploratory and descriptive approach. Every reform was implemented in the institution and reported from there analyzed the impacts observed by the servers. As a result we observed a considerable advance in institutional activities, mainly relating to physical structure / organizational and human resource policies, with minor advances on labor policies, in much the result of the guiding focus of the reform on SEARH/RN. The impacts in total were more positive than negative and direct paths to improvement in public organizations. Making a general analysis of the modernization program implemented in SEARH/RN, we can conclude that there was a distinct change in all dimensions studied, mostly pointing out positive aspects, and contrary to the opinion of some authors, who claim to be very difficult to implement reforms in public organizations, since they are highly institutionalized environments. What was found was a big organization, with gaps and weaknesses, but with a much larger number of hits and recognition from institutional actors

Ambiente institucional e desempenho diferenciado na agropecuária norte-rio-grandense: quais as relações?

This thesis aims to identify how civil servants perceive changes made inthe carrying out of their work after their taking part in the Course forTechnicians in Public Management of the Government of Rio Grande do NorteState. As for the methodological procedures, an exploratory-descriptivequantitative research has been carried out through structured questionnaires appliedto 118 civil servants from the first groups of the Course for Technicians, thusshowing a margin of error of 4.18% to 95% of confidence, according to theprocedures of finite sampling. The table processing and analysis rested uponthe Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS and was carried outthrough univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques with emphasis on thetechnique called Factor Analysis. It was possible to identify that the level ofsatisfaction of the students was high and there was a clear perception by themthat the course assisted to changes in their work. Through Factor Analysis itwas verified that the factors that may be related to changes in the work of thecivil servants are "Contribution to Society", "Efficiency andEfficacy in the Work Environment", "Applicability of Contents"and "Capacitating for Leadership". The conclusion of the studyindicates that the factors obtained are directly related to the basis of thenew public management by means of guidance toward efficiency and efficacy in aperspective of leadership, the contents of the course being thus made into newattitudes toward work which end up yielding better results for society

As parcerias entre prefeituras paulistas e o setor privado na política educacional: expressão de simbiose?

L'article présente les résultats finaux de l'enquête inter-institutionnelle qui a eu pour objet d'analyser la nature et les conséquences de partenariats conclus entre des secteurs privés et des gouvernements municipaux de la métropole de São Paulo pour le service de l'éducation à la maternelle et à l'enseignement élémentaire. La période a correspondu aux années 1996 à 2006, sachant que la perception d'une augmentation des responsabilités des municipalités pour l'offre éducationnelle, suite à la municipalisation de l'enseignement élémentaire, pourrait stimuler la sous-traitance de l'offre et la privatisation de l'éducation municipale. L'étude présente des tendances en relation avec trois modalités de partenariat: subvention publique pour l'offre de places en institutions privées de l'éducation élémentaire; acquisition de systèmes privés de l'enseignement et recours à des cabinets de conseil privés pour la gestion de l'éducation municipale. Les tendances perçues dans l'analyse indiquent que les actuelles relations entre les sphères publiques et privées dans le champ de l'éducation, suite à la décentralisation survenue dans le secteur, représentent un mouvement dans le sens de sa privatisation.

Aplicação da abordagem estatística no contexto da gestão da qualidade: um survey b com indústrias de alimentos de São Paulo

Nas últimas duas décadas, o crescimento do interesse pela metodologia Seis Sigma intensificou a aplicação da abordagem estatística e de outras abordagens quantitativas com o intuito de melhorar não apenas a qualidade de produtos, serviços e processos, como também aumentar o desempenho organizacional e o processo de tomada de decisão. Este artigo trata da aplicação da abordagem estatística no contexto da gestão da qualidade em indústrias de alimentos de médio e grande porte do Estado de São Paulo com o propósito de: identificar quais ferramentas e técnicas estatísticas são mais amplamente empregadas por indústrias do setor para garantir e controlar a qualidade; avaliar a interdependência entre o sucesso da implementação de programas de qualidade e segurança alimentar como Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) e sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC) e o uso de estatística; e analisar estimativas do grau de relevância do pensamento estatístico e de seus benefícios como ferramenta de melhoria da qualidade. Um survey exploratório-descritivo foi realizado e os resultados revelaram que a abordagem estatística começa a ser mais valorizada nas indústrias de alimentos pela relevância de seus benefícios assim como já ocorre em outros setores. Há evidências de que a implantação bem sucedida dos programas de segurança alimentar seja uma condição primordial para o uso efetivo de estatística e de outras abordagens quantitativas.

Avaliação das perdas de manga (Mangifera indica L.) no mercado varejista da cidade de Botucatu-SP

O elevado percentual de perdas na comercialização de manga no Brasil faz com que apenas parcela da produção chegue à mesa do consumidor. O presente trabalho determinou, em equipamentos de varejo da cidade de Botucatu - SP, as perdas de manga, suas causas e emitir sugestões para a redução das mesmas. Foram selecionados 22 equipamentos entre supermercados, quitanda/sacolões e feiras livres. O volume estimado de manga comercializada neste município foi 114 t/ano. Verificaram-se as seguintes perdas médias por variedade de manga: 11,5% para 'Tommy Atkins', 12,4% para 'Haden' e 12,7% para as outras variedades. O valor total anual destas perdas no comércio varejista da cidade, em 2007, atingiu R$ 49.200,00 (US$ 25.231,00), correspondente a 14 toneladas. Os percentuais médios de perda mostram grande semelhança quando comparados a estudos realizados em outras localidades. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a necessidade de melhor gestão de estoques, de exposição da fruta para o consumidor e uso de tecnologia no transporte e armazenagem para a manutenção da qualidade e redução das perdas. Conclui-se também pela necessidade de maiores investimentos em capacitação técnica dos encarregados do setor de frutas e hortaliças.

Pequenas e médias empresas no contexto da gestão da qualidade total

Este trabalho analisa a gestão da qualidade em organizações, envolvendo pequenas e médias empresas do setor de manufaturados, utilizando um modelo conceitual que envolve aspectos estratégicos e operacionais da gestão da qualidade. Através de referências bibliográficas e pesquisa de campo encaminha uma análise da gestão da qualidade nessas organizações, concluindo que existem dificuldades nesse campo. Existe indicação da necessidade de desenvolvimento de procedimentos e metodologias especificas para essa categoria de organização.

Interface empresa-universidade e a gestão da tecnologia

Este trabalho discute a interface empresa - universidade e a gestão da tecnologia em pequenas e médias empresas tradicionais do setor de manufaturados, com base em modelo conceitual simplificado e em pesquisa de campo, dentro do contexto atual de globalização do mercado. Constatou-se a importância da existência de um modelo de relação interorganizacional, que colabore na otimização dos resultados das pesquisas aplicadas na universidade e disponha de mecanismos de colaboração com aquelas empresas, visando à prática e difusão da gestão da tecnologia e parceria no desenvolvimento de produtos. Com base no modelo proposto em Silva(1999), através do COD - Centro Operacional de Desenvolvimento, o trabalho analisa vários aspectos da interface empresa - universidade e da gestão da tecnologia em empresas.

Gestão de recursos humanos e desempenho operacional: evidências empíricas

A gestão de recursos humanos é frequentemente apontada como uma variável que influencia positivamente no desempenho das organizações. Enquanto argumentos e proposições teóricas de teor similar se multiplicam na literatura especializada, ainda são raras as pesquisas que lançam luzes sobre essa relação para empresas brasileiras. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma pesquisa com o objetivo de verificar, empiricamente, se a gestão de recursos humanos influencia de maneira positiva o desempenho de empresas do segmento de autopeças e componentes automotivos em suas operações. Metodologicamente, realizou-se um survey com 75 empresas do setor mencionado, cujos dados foram analisados por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais, uma análise multivariada de segunda geração. A principal hipótese da pesquisa foi confirmada, revelando que, de fato, a gestão de recursos humanos está positivamente relacionada com o desempenho operacional das empresas analisadas.