Wind farm construction impacts reindeer migration and movement corridors

Over the last decade, we have seen a massive increase in the construction of wind farms in northern Fennoscandia. Wind farms comprising hundreds of wind turbines are being built, with little knowledge of the possible cumulative adverse effects on the habitat use and migration of semi-domesticated free-ranging reindeer. We assessed how reindeer responded to wind farm construction in an already fragmented landscape, with specific reference to the effects on use of movement corridors and reindeer habitat selection. We used GPS-data from reindeer during calving and post-calving in the MalAyen reindeer herding community in Sweden. We analysed data from the pre-development years compared to the construction years of two relatively small wind farms. During construction of the wind farms, use of original migration routes and movement corridors within 2 km of development declined by 76 %. This decline in use corresponded to an increase in activity of the reindeer measured by increased step lengths within 0-5 km. The step length was highest nearest the development and declining with distance, as animals moved towards migration corridors and turned around or were observed in holding patterns while not crossing. During construction, reindeer avoided the wind farms at both regional and landscape scale of selection. The combined construction activities associated with even a few wind turbines combined with power lines and roads in or close to central movement corridors caused a reduction in the use of such corridors and grazing habitat and increased the fragmentation of the reindeer calving ranges.

Eletroforese capilar de zona

A aplicação de uma diferença de potencial entre os extremos de um capilar de material dielétrico, preenchido com solução aquosa, provoca um fluxo eletroosmótico através deste. As moléculas, de um pequeno volume de uma amostra injetada neste fluxo, se separam umas das outras devido a diferença entre suas mobilidades eletroforéticas. Este método de separação é conhecido como Eletroforese Capilar. Ele tem se mostrado muito eficiente na separação de moléculas orgânicas complexas e é um método complementar à Cromatografia Líquida. Os sistemas de detecção mais comumente utilizados são do tipo eletroquímico ou ópticos, estes últimos podem ser de absorção ou fluorimétricos. Alta sensibilidade tem sido obtida com sistemas de detecção com fluorescência induzida a lazer, como o de Argônio, Hélio-Cádmio e de semicondutor. Neste trabalho testamos o desempenho de um laser ultravioleta pulsado, usando o mini-laser de N2 (337 nm), para induzir a fluorescência em moléculas marcadas com marcadores moleculares fluorogênicos apropriados. Para aminoácidos obtivemos limites de detecção da ordem de alguns attomóis(10-18 mol).Em condições otimizadas a quantidade mínima detectável de melatonina e serotonina, usando o marcador molecular fluorogênico isotiocianato de fluoresceÍna, foi de 150 attomóis, que corresponde a um limite de detecção em concentração de 50 nM. Os peptídeos bradicinina, lisil-bradicinina e metionil-lisil-bradicinina foram separados entre si e detectados no limite de detecção em concentração de 1,2 fmóis quando marcados com fluorescamina e a 90 attomóis quando com orto"ftaldialdeído. Do nosso conhecimento, esta é a primeira vez que um laser pulsado (N2) é usado num sistema de detecção de eletroforese capilar.

Estudo de acoplamento de luz a sistemas multicamadas : plasmons de superfícies e guias de onda

O acoplamento de radiação óptica em sistemas multicamadas tem sido objeto de diversas pesquisas, não somente acadêmicas, mas também para aplicações industriais, tanto na área de sensores ópticos, como na de processadores ópticos e na de comunicações ópticas. Existe uma variedade de técnicas que são exploradas nestes estudos. Nesta tese, focalizamos nossa atenção no acoplamento de radiação laser ou mesmo de luz branca incoerente a um filme tipo multicamadas e estudamos os mecanismos físicos que governam as reflexões e as perdas por absorção nas multicamadas, efeitos que normalmente não parecem quando a incidência ocorre diretamente do ar para o filme. A técnica que exploramos é conhecida como reflexão interna total atenuada, ATR. A presença de um filme fino metálico permite o estudo experimental de plasmons de superfície e do acoplamento a modos guiados do sistema multicamadas. Além dos estudos experimentais, apresentamos um cálculo teórico iterativo para a refletividade dos filmes do tipo multicamadas para um número qualquer de camadas, que apresenta vantagens computacionais no ajuste dos dados experimentais ou em simulações. Esta contribuição não necessita as aproximações encontradas em um grande número de trabalhos que envolvem sistemas mais simples. Apresentamos também o cálculo do fluxo de energia dentro de cada camada individual do sistema, o que nos permite determinar o tipo de modo acoplado e a sua localização. O método foi aplicado a diversos sistemas, quando uma das camadas foi modificada. Estes estudos foram realizados como função do ângulo de incidência e do comprimento de onda da radiação incidente para uma variedade de sistemas multicamadas. Nossa simulação teórica se mostra bastante adequada e útil para a projeção de sistemas multicamadas complexos com camadas metálicas e dielétricas para sensores óticos.

A interculturalidade no cinema: um estudo da legendagem e da dublagem brasileiras em um filme francês contemporâneo

In this research we present a study of cultural aspects in dubbed and subtitled films. As a case study, we chose to compare the original French version of "Le fabuleux destin d'Amelie Poulain" with both the subtitled and the dubbed versions in Portuguese, with focus on the interaction between the French and the Brazilian cultures. First we considered that (i) the translation process interferes on the perception of cultural relationships; and that (ii) dubbing and subtitling are two methods of translation that result in distinct perceptions from the spectator. Then, we adopted the translation interpretative theory (Seleskovicth; Lederer, 2001; Deslile, 1980) as the general theoretical framework, since it emphasizes the extralinguistic equivalence on the translation process. Furthermore, we based this research on three analytical procedures, which are: the four-step translating operation, the contrastive perception and a translation's typology based on Vinay and Dalbernet's linguistic procedures (Srpová, 1991, 1995, 2004). We extracted forty-six culture-related elements from the film and identified those belonging to the French ethno-universe. Then, the elements were classified with respect to a theoretical typology, based on concepts found in the Ethnography of Communication and a general typology, based on five general thematic groups, defined by the corpus. The results showed that both Brazilian versions tend to preserve those culture-related elements by using lexical loan and literal translation. The visual context, in its association with the linguistic procedures in both Brazilian versions, was also observed as an important element to the comprehension of the culture-related elements as they are considered in the French culture. As a general observation, the perception of culture-related elements in the film seems effectively be oriented by the translation methods

On a negative flow of the AKNS hierarchy and its relation to a two-component Camassa-Holm equation?

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Notas sobre o conceito de existência autêntica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A reescritura de Katherine Mansfield por Érico Veríssimo: análise descritiva da tradução para o português da obra Bliss and other stories

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Confinamento e vastidão: a representação feminina e a subversão em The Magic Toyshop

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A Brazilian population of the asexual fungus-growing ant Mycocepurus smithii (Formicidae, Myrmicinae, Attini) cultivates fungal symbionts with gongylidia-like structures

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Terminologia e tradução juramentada: questões de tipologia textual e equivalência terminológica interlinguística Português-francês-italiano

In this study we analyse a body of documents in sworn translation from and to Portuguese in relation to French and Italian. Our objective has been to check the textual typology most requested for sworn translation in these languages and to outline a profile of the terminology recurrent in these types of text. We also present examples of interlinguistic terminological equivalence which become apparent when one translates some of the types of text in our corpus. The data presented here was obtained by the LexTraJu-O lexical project of sworn translation, of which the research is developed in the São José do Rio Preto campus of UNESP with the objective of obtaining resources for the improvement of the Translation Courses of this institution and of making a contribution to translation studies on the theme of sworn translation.

Construções euclidianas e o desfecho de problemas famosos da geometria

Construction techniques with ruler and the compasses, fundamental on Euclidean geometry, have been related to modern algebraic theories such as solving equations and extension of bodies from the works by Paolo Ruffini (1765-1822), Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829) and Evariste Galois (1811-1832). This relation could provide an answer to some famous problems, from ancient Greece, such as doubling the cube, the trisection Angle, the Quadrature of the Circle and the construction of regular polygons, which remained unsolved for over two thousand years. Also important for our purposes are the notions of algebraic numbers, transcendental and the criteria for constructability, of those numbers. The objective of this study is to reconstruct relevant steps of geometric constructions with ruler (unmarked) and the compasses, from the elementary to the outcome buildings, in the nineteenth century, considering those mentioned problems.

Subtitling as a pedagogical tool for language teaching in journalism

This study was designed to present and discuss some results produced by a research involving the use of English subtitles of some news videos from the webiste Reuters.com (http://www.reuters.com) with pedagogical reasons in a Brazilian context (Academic English for Journalism). We have developed the research during two semesters at UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho). The professor in charge of the study has chosen the students of Journalism as the audience to whom the videos were presented. The assumptions of many theorists and experts in Audiovisual Translation were adopted as our Theoretical Sources. The first step of the study was the assessment of the syllabus of each course. This was very helpful as a guidance in order to choose the most relevant and interesting videos for students. After the evaluation of academic and professional interests, we chose some videos to insert appropriate subtitles, according to some strategies suggested by Panayota Georgakopoulou and Henrik Gottlieb. Finally we presented the videos during the English classes. At the first time, they were presented without subtitles just to notice the comprehension level of the students. After that, the videos were presented with English subtitles. As we first assumed, the students haven’t had the whole comprehension of specific details during the first presentation, they have just used their previous knowledge and the visual aids to help them in a superficial understanding of the news. As the subtitles appear, the process of communication was finally accomplished.

Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC

We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.

Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.