Derivation of soil screening values for metals in Portuguese natural soil

The increasing human activity has been responsible by profound changes and a constinuos degradation of the soil compartment in all the European territory. Some European policies are appearing focusing soil’s protection and the management of contaminated sites, in order to recover land for other uses. To regulate the risk assessment and the management of contaminated soils, many European member states adopted soil guideline values, as for example soil screnning values (SSV).These values are particularly useful for the the first tier of the Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) processes of contaminated sites,especially for a first screening of sites requiring a more site-specific evaluation. Hence, the approriate definition of regional SSVs will have relevant economic impacts in the management of contaminated sites. Portugal is one of European Member States that still lack these soil guideline values. In this context, this study gaves a remarkable contribution in the generation of ecotoxicological data for soil microbiological parameters, terrestrial plants and invertebrates for the derivation of SSVs for uranium (U), cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu), using a Portuguese natural soil, representative of a dominant type of soil in the Portuguese territory. SSVs were derived based on two methods proposed by the the Technical Guidance Document for Risk Assessment of the European Commission; namely the assessment factor method (AF) and the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method (with some adaptations). The outputs of both methods were compared and discussed. Further, this study laid the foundation for a deeper reflection about the cut-off (hazard concentration for a given percentage of species - HCps) to be estimated from the SSDs, and to be selected for the derivation of SSVs, with the adequate level of protection. It was proven that this selection may vary for different contaminants, however a clear justification should be given, in each case. The SSvs proposed in this study were for: U (151.4 mg U kg-1dw), Cd (5.6 mg Cd kg-1dw), and Cu (58.5 mg Cu kg-1dw) These values should now be tested for their descriminating power of soils with different levels of contamination. However, this studies clarifies the approach that should be followed for the derivation of SSVs for other metals and organic contaminants, and for other dominant types of Portuguese natural soils.

Materiais à base de óxidos com estrutura do tipo perovskite e compósitos como ânodos de PCES

This work was focused on the analysis of transport, thermomechanical and electrochemical properties of a series of perovskite-like oxide materials and composites for potential applications as anodes of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with lanthanum gallate and silicate solid electrolytes. The primary attention was centered on A(Mn,Nb)O3-δ (A = Sr, Ca) and (La,Sr)(Mn,Ti)O3-based systems, lanthanum chromite substituted with acceptor-type and variable-valence cations, and various Ni-containing cermets. Emphasis was given to phase stability of the materials, their crystal structure, microstructure of porous electrode layers and dense ceramics, electronic conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, oxygen permeability, thermal and chemical induced expansion, and anodic overpotentials of the electrodes deposited onto (La,Sr)(Ga,Mg)O3- and La10(Si,Al)6O27- based electrolyte membranes. In selected cases, roles of oxygen diffusivity, states of the transition metal cations relevant for the electronic transport, catalytically active additives and doped ceria protective interlayers introduced in the model electrochemical cells were assessed. The correlations between transport properties of the electrode materials and electrochemical behavior of porous electrodes showed that the principal factors governing anode performance include, in particular, electronic conduction of the anode compositions and cation interdiffusion between the electrodes and solid electrolytes. The latter is critically important for the silicatebased electrolyte membranes, leading to substantially worse anode properties compared to the electrochemical cells with lanthanum gallate solid electrolyte. The results made it possible to select several anode compositions exhibiting lower area-specific electrode resistivity compared to known analogues, such as (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3-δ.

Materials and concepts for CO2 lean ironmaking by pyroelectrolysis

The main purpose of this PhD thesis was to provide convincing demonstration for a breakthrough concept of pyroelectrolysis at laboratory scale. One attempted to identify fundamental objections and/or the most critical constraints, to propose workable concepts for the overall process and for feasible electrodes, and to establish the main requirements on a clearer basis. The main effort was dedicated to studying suitable anode materials to be developed for large scale industrial units with molten silicate electrolyte. This concept relies on consumable anodes based on iron oxides, and a liquid Fe cathode, separated from the refractory materials by a freeze lining (solid) layer. In addition, one assessed an alternative concept of pyroelectrolysis with electron blocking membranes, and developed a prototype at small laboratory scale. The main composition of the molten electrolyte was based on a magnesium aluminosilicate composition, with minimum liquidus temperature, and with different additions of iron oxide. One studied the dynamics of devitrification of these melts, crystallization of iron oxides or other phases, and Fe2+/Fe3+ redox changes under laser zone melting, at different pulling rates. These studies were intended to provide guidelines for dissolution of raw materials (iron oxides) in the molten electrolyte, to assess compatibility with magnetite based consumable anodes, and to account for thermal gradients or insufficient thermal management in large scale cells. Several laboratory scale prototype cells were used to demonstrate the concept of pyroelectrolysis with electron blocking, and to identify the most critical issues and challenges. Operation with and without electron blocking provided useful information on transport properties of the molten electrolyte (i.e., ionic and electronic conductivities), their expected dependence on anodic and cathodic overpotentials, limitations in faradaic efficiency, and onset of side electrochemical reactions. The concept of consumable anodes was based on magnetite and derived spinel compositions, for their expected redox stability at high temperatures, even under oxidising conditions. Spinel compositions were designed for prospective gains in refractoriness and redox stability in wider ranges of conditions (T, pO2 and anodic overpotentials), without excessive penalty for electrical conductivity, thermomechanical stability or other requirements. Composition changes were also mainly based on components of the molten aluminosilicate melt, to avoid undue contamination and to minimize the dissolution rate of consumable anodes. Additional changes in composition were intended for prospective pyroelectrolysis of Fe alloys, with additions of different elements (Cr, Mn, Ni, Ti).

Metodologia de avaliação da sustentabilidade económica de edifícios com base no ciclo de vida

O Comité Técnico CEN/TC 350 “Sustainability of construction works” elaborou um conjunto de normas que propõem um sistema de avaliação do contributo da construção para o desenvolvimento sustentável, nomeadamente através da avaliação dos seus desempenhos ambiental, social e económico, baseado numa abordagem de ciclo de vida. Os sistemas de avaliação da sustentabilidade de edifícios têm um papel importante em todas as fases do ciclo de vida (anterior à utilização, utilização e fim de vida) de um edifício que se pretenda sustentável, pois agilizam a integração entre os aspetos ambientais, sociais e económicos com outros critérios de decisão. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar uma metodologia inovadora de avaliação sistemática do desempenho económico de edifícios dentro do conceito sustentabilidade, com base na análise do ciclo de vida, conforme estabelecido na EN 16627:2015, que descreve o processo de tomada de decisão e documentação da avaliação do desempenho económico de edifícios dentro do conceito da avaliação da sustentabilidade, com base na análise de ciclo de vida (ACV). A metodologia, intitulada “Methodology of Assessment of Economic Performance - Residential Buildings – MAEP-RB”, permite a avaliação do desempenho e da sustentabilidade económica de edifícios na fase anterior à utilização do ciclo de vida. A metodologia segue o princípio de modularidade, onde os aspetos e impactes que influenciam o desempenho económico do edifício durante as fases do seu ciclo de vida, são atribuídos aos indicadores de cada módulo do ciclo de vida em que eles ocorrem dentro da respectiva etapa. Faz parte integrante desta metodologia uma base de dados contendo um modelo de custos na construção baseado na subdivisão do edifício em sistemas, subsistemas, elementos, componentes e subcomponentes, em que este último se encontra ao nível dos recursos. Os resultados da avaliação do desempenho económico e da sustentabilidade económica são desagregados em vários níveis, ou seja, ao nível da fase anterior à utilização do ciclo de vida do edifício, de cada etapa, de cada módulo e de cada indicador económico. A MAEP-RB avalia simultaneamente o desempenho económico e a sustentabilidade económica de edifícios sendo o resultado do desempenho económico expresso em unidade monetária e o da sustentabilidade comunicado por um Índice de Sustentabilidade Económica (A+, A, B, C, D, E).

Severe plastic deformation of Al–Zn alloys

In this work, the R&D work mainly focused on the mechanical and microstructural analysis of severe plastic deformation (SPD) of Al–Zn alloys and the development of microstructure–based models to explain the observed behaviors is presented. Evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–30wt% Zn alloy after the SPD by the high–pressure torsion (HPT) has been investigated in detail regarding the increasing amount of deformation. SPD leads to the gradual grain refinement and decomposition of the Al–based supersaturated solid solution. The initial microstructure of the Al–30wt% Zn alloy contains Al and Zn phases with grains sizes respectively of 15 and 1 micron. The SPD in compression leads to a gradual decrease of the Al and Zn phase grain sizes down to 4 microns and 252 nm, respectively, until a plastic strain of 0.25 is reached. At the same time, the average size of the Zn particles in the bulk of the Al grains increases from 20 to 60 nm and that of the Zn precipitates near or at the grain boundaries increases as well. This microstructure transformation is accompanied at the macroscopic scale by a marked softening of the alloy. The SPD produced by HPT is conducted up to a shear strain of 314. The final Al and Zn grains refine down to the nanoscale with sizes of 370 nm and 170 nm, respectively. As a result of HPT, the Zn–rich (Al) supersaturated solid solution decomposes completely and reaches the equilibrium state corresponding to room temperature and its leads to the material softening. A new microstructure–based model is proposed to describe the softening process occurring during the compression of the supersaturated Al–30wt% Zn alloy. The model successfully describes the above–mentioned phenomena based on a new evolution law expressing the dislocation mean free path as a function of the plastic strain. The softening of the material behavior during HPT process is captured very well by the proposed model that takes into consideration the effects of solid solution hardening and its decomposition, Orowan looping and dislocation density evolution. In particular, it is demonstrated that the softening process that occurs during HPT can be attributed mainly to the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution and, in a lesser extent, to the evolution of the dislocation mean free path with plastic strain.

Evolução paleoambiental holocénica dos estuários dos rios Guadiana e Arade com base nas associações fósseis de foraminíferos bentónicos

Dissertação de mest., Estudos Marinhos e Costeiros, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2004

Un scénario pédagogique intégrant le français et l'histoire en vue d'améliorer les repères culturels des adultes inscrits en formation de base diversifiée

Nous nous sommes penchée [i.e. penchés] sur une problématique issue de notre pratique : le manque de repères culturels chez les apprenants adultes inscrits en formation de base diversifiée (FBD) à l'éducation des adultes. Le manque de culture chez les jeunes Québécois de niveau secondaire est d'ailleurs soulevé dans la littérature scientifique. À cet effet, nous avons cherché une piste de solution pour améliorer les repères culturels des apprenants adultes. L'idée de mettre en oeuvre un scénario pédagogique interdisciplinaire intégrant le français et l'histoire est apparue une solution parmi plusieurs, permettant de développer les repères culturels des élèves. Pour répondre aux besoins de la présente recherche, la recherche de développement d'objet éducatif constituait, à notre sens, la meilleure avenue possible. Dans un premier temps, nous avons conçu un scénario pédagogique intégrant le français et l'histoire dans la perspective d'améliorer les repères culturels des apprenants adultes dans une classe de niveau FBD. Nous avons, par la suite, expérimenter [i.e. expérimenté] le scénario avec un groupe d'adultes inscrits en formation de base diversifiée, lors de leur passage au service d'entrée en formation (SEF) du Centre Saint-Michel. Puis, nous avons évalué les retombées du scénario pédagogique expérimenté en ce qui concerne l'apprentissage des repères culturels des adultes en formation participant au projet de recherche ainsi que le scénario lui-même. Cette recherche a un caractère novateur dans la mesure où aucun scénario pédagogique interdisciplinaire n'existe dans le contexte de l'éducation des adultes. Cette avenue pédagogique demeure originale, puisqu'elle a permis d'améliorer les repères culturels des adultes tout en développant de nombreux savoirs tant en français qu'en histoire. Un métissage de repères culturels, de savoirs disciplinaires et de compétences disciplinaires et transversales a permis la réalisation d'apprentissages significatifs chez les apprenants adultes.

O Arquivo Histórico Municipal de Vila Real de Santo António na base da aquisição de conhecimentos e experiência profissional na área de arquivo

Neste relatório descreve-se a atividade profissional de um Assistente Técnico de Arquivo desenvolvida ao longo de seis anos no Arquivo Histórico Municipal de Vila Real de Santo António, no âmbito do plano curricular do Mestrado em Ciências Documentais - Área Arquivo, ministrado pela Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Universidade do Algarve. Tentarei trazer à memória de todos quantos lerem este relatório o enquadramento histórico e a evolução administrativa local da Câmara Municipal de Vila Real de Santo António que tutela o Arquivo Histórico Municipal. Darei a conhecer o surgimento e a razão de ser do Arquivo Histórico Municipal, assim como, as suas funções e atribuições. Caracterizarei o arquivo corrente, intermédio e histórico existente na Câmara Municipal de Vila Real de Santo António. Exemplificarei como são integrados os documentos neste Arquivo, qual o procedimento quando um documento é requisitado à instituição, e qual a sua tramitação até a documentação ser encaminhada para a eliminação ou para a conservação definitiva, fazendo uma reflexão crítica de alguns dos procedimentos adotados e tendo em conta os princípios arquivísticos aceites universalmente. Salientarei qual, o impacto dos agentes biológicos na conservação de um acervo documental, e a importância de manter periodicamente um controle e monitorização de pragas. Destacarei, finalmente, a importância da preservação digital na instituição arquivística e da relevância da função cultural de um arquivo municipal.

Bio-synthesis of nanosized semiconductors using mine wastes as material sources

This work describes the synthesis of nanosized metal sulfides and respective SiO2 and/or TiO2 composites in high yield via a straightforward process, under ambient conditions (temperature and pressure), by adding to aqueous metals a nutrient solution containing biologically generated sulfide from sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The nanoparticles‘ (NPs) morphological properties were shown not to be markedly altered by the SRB growth media composition neither by the presence of bacterial cells. We further extended the work carried out, using the effluent of a bioremediation system previously established. The process results in the synthesis of added value products obtained from metal rich effluents, such as Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), when associated with the bioremediation process. Precipitation of metals using sulfide allows for the possibility of selective recovery, as different metal sulfides possess different solubilities. We have evaluated the selective precipitation of CuS, ZnS and FeS as nanosized metal sulfides. Again, we have also tested the precipitation of these metal sulfides in the presence of support structures, such as SiO2. Studies were carried out using both artificial and real solutions in a continuous bioremediation system. We found that this method allowed for a highly selective precipitation of copper and a lower selectivity in the precipitation of zinc and iron, though all metals were efficiently removed (>93% removal). This research has also demonstrated the potential of ZnS-TiO2 nanocomposites as catalysts in the photodegradation of organic pollutants using the cationic dye, Safranin-T, as a model contaminant. The influence of the catalyst amount, initial pH and dye concentration were also evaluated. Finally, the efficiency of the precipitates as catalysts in sunlight mediated photodegradation was investigated, using different volumes of dye-contaminated water (150 mL and 10 L). This work demonstrates that all tested composites have the potential to be used as photocatalysts for the degradation of Safranin-T.

Turismo cultural em análise. Contributos metodológicos para a inventariação de recursos turísticos de base cultural

O presente artigo visa refletir sobre o turismo cultural, levando à problematização de conceitos como turismo e cultura, tendo em conta que os destinos turísticos, tradicionalmente assentes no produto “sol e mar”. Neste contexto, o artigo apresenta uma metodologia desenhada com o propósito de delimitar uma proposta para o desenvolvimento de produtos turísticos de base cultural para uma região turística cujo principal produto é o sol e mar, a qual assenta numa matriz concetual estabelecida a partir de um exaustivo enquadramento teórico-conceptual.

Interações entre produtos à base de plantas com os medicamentos usados em cardiologia

Dissertação de mestrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014

Desenvolvimento de filmes à base de quitosano com microencapsulação de agentes naturais: cinéticas de libertação

Dissertação de mestrado, Tecnologia de Alimentos, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, 2013

O papel das novas tecnologias para a aprendizagem autónoma e a criação do conhecimento : com base em pedagogias construtivistas na disciplina de economia A

Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada, Ensino da Economia e Contabilidade, Universidade de Lisboa, 2012

Spectroscopic techniques for characterizing portuguese glazed ceramics:a contribution to the study of ancient faiences of Coimbra

Tese de doutoramento, Física, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2013

Dynamics and variability of the alongshore flows on the northwestern iberian margin

Tese de doutoramento, Ciências Geofísicas e da Geoinformação (Oceanografia), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2014