O memorial autobiográfico: uma tradição acadêmica do ensino superior no Brasil

The thesis has as object of study the autobiographical memmorials. The general objective is to describe the history of the memmorial as an academic tradition of higher education in Brazil. Considered a hybrid genre, memmorials are known for focusing on life stories from a scientific perspective. The investigation revolves around three intertwined branches: History of Education, educational practices and language usages, which allow us to conduct a dialogue with multiple theoretical-methodological references with a view to supporting our analyses. The corpus used for the analysis was made up of 40 autobiographical memmorials, distributed as follows: 16 academic memmorials, dated from 1935 to 1970; 07 academic memmorials, dated from 1980 to 2007; and 17 formation memmorials, dated from 1995 to 2000. In this corpus, we also included official documents, which relate to legislation contained in edicts, resolutions, ordinances, regulations, which we used with a view to: 1) getting to know and understanding the big picture of higher education regulation in Brazil and the aspects related to the higher education teaching career; 2) investigating the text of memmorials in the light of the injunctive discourse characteristic of the edicts and resolutions in which they were based. The analysis of the memmorial supported by the legislation which regulates it allowed us to reconstitute the image of the professor throughout 80 years in the Brazilian public university. For this purpose, the study was conducted in the theoretical-methodological perspective of the (auto)biographical research in Education and of the sociolinguistic studies on discourse genres and discursive traditions. The investigations reveal the memmorial as an academic genre in which the professor's academic-professional history and the history of the higher education teaching career in Brazil intertwine. Anchored in the Bakhtinian perspective on discourse genres, according to which the memmorials evolve and become more complex as their contexts of usage also evolve and become more complex themselves, the results of our analyses allowed us to correlate genre changes to the sociohistorical context and to its usage as an educational practice in the university, in the decades under study. Therefore, the analyses showed that these self-writings: go from latent subjectivity to pure objectivity from the 1930s to 1960s; they show total annulment of the subject from the 1960s to the 1970s; they reappear in the 1980s, having Professor Magda Soares' memmorial as perspective; they expand and diversify from the 1990s onwards, taking on a formative role and a perspective of future as well. So far as language usages are concerned, we investigated the relationship of the subject with the language, especifically the manifestation of alterity on the discursive tissue of the memmorials. In this branch, the analyses pointed to the influence of the authoritative discourse on the formation of the professor and of the injunction and reinventing discourses on the authorship process. Therefore, the autobiographical memmorial reveals itself as a specific expression of the Brazilian academy's cultural sphere and allows us to confirm the hypothesis that each memorial tackles a singular-plural situation, by presenting a dialectical articulation between private and public, according to the institutional structures, in which and with which the professor has already formed him/herself and with which he/she dialogues

Em cada canto, um conto, uma canção: o velho, a tradição oral e a educação no Mato Grande/RN

This dissertation is about an Education which is made concrete through orality and gestuality of the elderly joking masters of the territory of Mato Grande/RN and proposes a reflection about the exchange between these two knowledges and school education. Thus, it presents the following objectives: identifying the joking elderly in the region; recording their life experiences related to the jokes of the tradition and the way they realize such references at present; besides investigating and recording educative practices which consider the elderly s jokes at the present education. The investigation is supported by the metaphor in the making of a quilt as a methodological resource in the actions of measurement, choice of patches, sewing and binding off. The mapping of the territory of Mato Grande/RN has enabled the identification of seventeen joking elderly people. It considers and records their experiences with the popular amusements and from them, it discusses the ways through which the oral tradition in Mato Grande may be recognized in four categories/actions, namely, narrating, singing, dancing and getting old, which are analyzed under the studies by authors like Benjamin, Zumthor, Almeida, Porpino, among others. Finally, it also focuses the relation between the elderly, the knowledge of the tradition and the systemized education. It describes and articulates educative actions able to connect the knowledge by the joking elderly people and the knowledges taught at school, possibilities of concretization of a rebinding of knowledges which might bring orality and writing, the new and the old, science and tradition close to each other

A formação da força de trabalho marítima no Brasil: cultura e cotidiano, tradição e resistência (1808-1850)

A partir du XVIe siècle, le Brésil surgit comme l'un des éléments centraux du surgissement d'un ordre économique et social dans lequel le navire apparaît comme un espace de luttes et de contradictions entre gouvernements, commandants et marins. Nous examinerons ici le processus de prolétarisation, au Brésil au cours de la premier moitié du XIXe siècle, qui a transformé en main d' uvre de travail maritime des indiens, des petits agriculteurs, des noirs libres et des esclaves.

Os Brutos: tradição literária e a memória cultural do Seridó

Partindo do princípio de que a força centralizadora do discurso do narrador sob o universo romanesco encontra-se regido por nuanças sócio-ideológicas que fazem parte do mundo psicológico do autor, procede-se uma leitura crítica de Os Brutos (1938), romance de estréia do escritor José Bezerra Gomes. O trabalho mencionado visa a tecer algumas considerações em torno do ponto de vista do narrador, enfocando a encenação do EU no cenário artístico-literário e sua interferência no modo de narração da citada obra. O procedimento metodológico adotado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, e como aporte teórico recorreu-se à crítica especializada que trata da temática em questão. Ao final percebeu-se que o discurso do narrador possui um caráter ambivalente, o qual permite que o interlocutor presente não assuma uma perspectiva fixa diante do que narra

Modernismo e tradição da oralidade na poesia :uma leitura de Clã do jabuti, de Mário de Andrade, e Catimbó, de Ascenso Ferreira

Estudio sobre los libros Clã do jabuti, de Mário de Andrade, y Catimbó, de Ascenso Ferreira, publicados en el año de 1927. Dentro del contexto del Modernismo en los años de 1920, se evidencia la filiación de los poetas con las tendencias literarias modernista y regionalista. Eso se confirma por los elementos introducidos en sus poesías, en las referidas obras, que traen el sentido de brasilidade discutido en la época, específicamente en el momento post1924. Tales elementos se refieren a las marcas de la oralidad que fueron aprovechadas esteticamente en los referidos textos, en lo que toca a la representación que poseen en el ámbito de la tradición de la cultura popular brasileña. En ese sentido, fue establecida una relación entre la moderna literatura nacional y la tradición de la cultura popular. Los textos observados muestran la diversidad cultural del país por medio de tales marcas, distinguiéndose por el aspecto nacionalista de Mário de Andrade, en consonancia con el proyecto de nación idealizado, y por el aspecto nacionalista/regionalista de Ascenso Ferreira, saliendo al encuentro de elementos nacionales y regionales. Siendo así, Clã do jabuti es un repertorio de todo Brasil y representación de la cultura nacional, de acuerdo con la brasilidade propuesta a partir de 1924; y Catimbó es la cristalización poética, en tonos de una brasilidade más norteña, de las particularidades de la región

Gilberto Freyre e Câmara Cascudo: entre a tradição, o moderno e o regional

The present work makes some comments on the scattered productions of Gilberto Freyre and Luís da Câmara Cascudo, in the period which includes the early years of their intellectual performance, the second decade of the twentieth century. The corpus of the research is delimited on the texts published by Gilberto Freyre, from 1918 to 1926, which were gathered in the book Tempo de aprendiz (1979), and from the ones published by Câmara Cascudo in Natal local newpapers, such as A Imprensa and A República, in 1924, 1927, 1928 and 1929. Concerning Câmara Cascudo s texts, the delimitations of these years is due to they had a relevant importance for the literary and cultural history of Rio Grande do Norte. The included discussions in these writers texts mainly happen around the modernist and regionalist ideas that happened restrictively in the Northeast region of Brazil, and are based on the relationships between literature and culture. Thus, the set of collaborations of both writers is useful as a sample of the intellectual thinking of the mentioned region. Besides, it is representative in the way the cultural debate got along in the country, which in turn, demanded the inclusion of the local realities in order to follow the renewing process of the worldwide thinking, and as matter of fact, arrange a new process in the Brazilian literary tradition. In this way, the study goals to set the positions taken by the two writers faced to the new challenges that the Brazilian reality of that moment was imposed on. The theoretical basis of this work is focused on the accumulated studies about the Brazilians modernism, regionalism and literature, pointing out the Candido s texts, (2006, 2004, 2002, 1995, 1993 and 1989), Schwarz s (1999, 1997a and 1997b), Perrone- Moysés s (2007), Pallares-Burque s (2005), Azevedo s(1996), D Andrea s (1992), Araújo s (2006, 1998, 1997 and 1995), among other authors. Therefore, It is relevant the participation of both writers in that moment which highlights the renewing of the national thinking and the formation of the Brazilian cultural modernity, even the positions taken by them reveal, at times, different views concerning literature and tradition without being disagreeing, however

Em cantos de reis: a tradição discursiva em Autos de Natal

This study incorporates many areas of knowledge to the Linguistics field, as it centers the social historicity of Brazilian and autos potiguares on two analytical proposes: the presence of linguistic formulas - in its macrostructure - into the paradigm of discursive traditions, following Kabatek (2006), Koch and Oesterreicher (2007), besides the theory of Speech Acts, in its microstructure, proposed by Austin (1990) and Searle (1995). Under Zumthor (1993; 1997; 2000; 2005; 2010), the idea of textual variability (mouvance) was alluded, highlighting that the text is always modifying, according to the performance and reception of the language uses. Considering this theoretical framework, we focus on the trinomial linguistic formulas, orality and performance, in order to describe the dynamics of stability, variation and change, emphasizing yet how extra-linguistic social-historic cultural relations influence its composition. Such discuss is inherent more precisely to Textual Analysis in enhancing the orality tradition as a linguistic support. The text, in its turn, becomes effective as an evocation, motivated by the transmission, reception and variability from its conservation and reiteration. Naturally, a methodological support based on quali-quantitative research was chosen, based on Flick (2009), who justifies the corpus composed by Brazilian Folias de Reis chants and Bois de Reis potiguares . Thereby Language dynamics, subjacent to tradition which takes effect by the use of a common social memory, are observed from two dimensions: on the first, it evocates the sacralization (religious) in which they stand their devotion to biblical History; secondly, a dissacralization with identified and ideological values, inherent to a people culture. The chant shows, in this ludic impulse, a contextualized activity which results in the following conclusion: the changing and stability processes in textual macro and microstructures occur, at the same time, by the adjustment to the use of the text accomplishing a social-political function and an ethical-pedagogic one; supposedly, social relationships arise the tradition and it, on its turn, evocates the variability and the nomadism in the text

Cinge a musa o oráculo da tradição: revelações perenes da narrativa em contos de Perrault

Le présent ouvrage comprend des versions comparatives de neuf contes de Perrault, parmi les plus célèbres, publiés dans des éditions intégrales, au Brésil, entre 1934 et 2005. L analyse comparative donne la priorité à l identification des éléments relatifs à l oralité, comme ceux qui appartiennent, selon Ong (1998) et Havelock (1996), à des contextes de cultures antérieures à l épanouissement de l écriture et qui donc élaboraient ses propres structures de pensée et d expression pour interagir dans la vie pratique comme dans la création, dans la transmission et la manutention des coutumes et traditions. Issus des premiers récits, les contes de Perrault, traduits ou adaptés au Brésil, gardent en eux l esprit du langage narratif auquel l auteur français a consagré une attention spéciale, pour transposer dans l écrit quelques récits de la grande expérience humaine née dans le milieu populaire et qui désormais intègrent l espace de l écriture à chaque nouvelle version produite. Les bagages formulaires, comme les épithètes, les interventions du narrateur et la propre relation des signifations de l intrigue avec les structures de l imaginaire toujours présentes dans l humanité, démontrent le rapprochement entre l oralité et écriture. En suivant les discussions théoriques de Zumthor (1993, 1997, 2000) et par l interation du lecteur avec le texte, on constate que ces éléments relatifs à l oralité rendent possibl existence d une performance dans l écrit a partir des impressions cinesthésiques qui chaque lecture provoque chez le lecteur et récepteur d un texte narratif qui revendique, automatiquement, la construction d une ouvrage seulement possible à chaque instant de l interation, par le processus esthétique de la réception. Même au niveau d écrit, ou l intensité de sa présence est diminuée en raison de l absence d un corps physique qui transmet, qui développe, qui opere littéralement le texte par la voix et qui réunit l écoute et la vision de l auditeur, la performance produite s interpose entre le corps du lecteur qui agit sur le texte et en même temps reçoit les sensations lui permettant l expérience esthétique. Ainsi, dans l expérience de la lecture de Contes de Perrault est possible percevoir les éléments qui renvoient à la forme du conte de tradition populaire. Même déjà influencée par l écrit, le lecteur peut identifier, dans cette oeuvre, les possibilités determinantes de la dynamique perpétuel dans la transmission de ses textes: le plaisir de la pratique de l écoute des histoires contées oralement et le plaisir de la pratique de lectures silencieuses et solitaires. Dans ce chemin le lecteur devoit chercher les sens perdus, ici, rencontrés avec l aide des discours littéraires, linguistique, folklorique, anthropologique et psycanalytique sur la surface du texte narratif merveilleux. Outre cela, ces discours collaborent avec le lecteur qui retrouvent les voix emprisonnées par l écrit dans la virtualité et dans émergence d une performance

Compreendendo a dança do Torém: visões de folclore, ritual e tradição entre os Tremembé do Ceará

Este artigo pretende discutir as mudanças históricas e culturais que têm afetado o torém, a dança específica mantida pelos Tremembé do estado do Ceará. Ainda que o torém tenha sido referido em registros históricos desde o século dezenove, ele tem sido objeto de apreciações e percepções diversas por muitos grupos sociais. Índios, pesquisadores, missionários e agentes do Estado têm tido diferentes posições, às vezes contraditórias, sobre a dança. Um de meus principais objetivos é entender como o torém tem sido progressivamente objetificado por idéias de folclore, etnicidade e política a partir dos contextos históricos específicos nos quais eles devem ser situados. Preocupações antropológicas sobre a experiência da etnicidade são relacionadas a elementos particulares da dança, especialmente os significados do vestuário, da música e da performance.

Movimentos sociais e transformação societária: concepções teóricas presentes na tradição marxista

Este ensaio tem como objetivo discutir premissas de análise da temática movimentos sociais e transformação societária presentes na formulação marxista. Para tanto, retoma o pensamento de autores clássicos, em especial, Lênin, Rosa Luxemburgo e Gramsci. Destaca, com base nesses autores, as determinações fundamentais para a análise das lutas sociais da classe trabalhadora, enfatizando a teoria da organização, a ampla participação das massas e a construção de uma nova hegemonia

Grupo parafolclórico da ufrn: configur(ações) estéticas em diálogo com a tradição popular

O estudo discute o trajeto estético que se delineia nas produções mais recentes do Grupo Parafolclórico da UFRN. A proposta abrange um diálogo com várias técnicas de dança e linguagens artísticas e tem, nos elementos da tradição popular, o mote para a elaboração de suas coreograϐias, provocando rearranjos estéticos, que reconϐiguram a gestualidade dos corpos e seus modos de criação

Nas franjas do rural-urbano: meninas entre a tradição e a modernidade

Este artigo gira em torno da possibilidade de reinterpretar dados de pesquisa do passado, à luz das Teorias da Complexidade, conectando-os a dados atuais para conseguir explicações mais compreensivas. São tomados então alguns dados de minhas pesquisas sobre o rural-urbano, a saber: dados quantitativos do Censo de Assentamentos Rurais do Estado de São Paulo sobre as expectativas dos pais em relação à escolarização de meninos e meninas (anos 90); dados qualitativos de uma pesquisa com redações escolares realizada na região de Araraquara no início dos anos 80. Construindo-se uma ponte entre as duas situações, o argumento central é o de que questão das meninas na zona rural deve ser discutida levando-se em conta a relação rural-urbano e superando-se essa dicotomia sob a ótica da história recente do país. Observa-se então que as transformações pelas quais passa a sociedade nacional se refeletem no campo e a conexão entre os dois momentos enfocados (anos 90 versus início dos anos 80) é reveladora de que os germens dessas mudanças já se anunciavam nas relações de algumas meninas que criticavam a sobrecarga do trabalho doméstico sobre os próprios ombros, principalmente sobre os de suas mães.

A identidade feminina em Clarice Lispector: tradição x descentramento

This article discusses how the conflict between decentered subjectivity and the bourgeois identity constitutes the female character in Clarice Lispectorś work, and how it serves the questioning of patriarchal and modern traditions.

Poética da cabaça: fruto de tradição, arte e comunicação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)