Caracterización de la producción de leche en las comarcas German Pomares, La Sandino, La ponzoña, Río Blanco, Matagalpa, Octubre -Enero 2014

Mediante el estudio de caso, considerada como un tipo de investigación no experimental, sino mas bien documental, se realizó, el presente trabajo para caracterizar la producción de leche en tres comarcas de Rio Blanco, Matagalpa, Nicaragua, siendo estas la German pomares, la Sandino, la ponzoña. La idea de realizar este estudio surgió como una necesidad de conocer los medios de producción que emplean los productores, identificar qué medidas sanitarias utilizan y conocer como alimentan el ganado, determinar las condiciones de las instalaciones, etc. De igual manera conocer los resultados y utilizarlos como una información que sirva para conocer el potencial económico e innovar en el mercado lácteo y satisfacer la necesidad de las fincas de estas zonas. El instrumento que se utilizó fue el de entrevistas, teniendo una población de 110 fincas de las 3 comarcas y una unidad de muestral 29 fincas de productores entre ellos pequeños y medianos productores. Dentro de los hallazgos más relevantes se tiene que los productores tienen una dieta alimenticia y nutricional poco balanceada y no definida para los bovinos de leche, un 76% de los productores usan pastos mejorados herbáceos y de corte (más comunes Brachiarias y Pennisetum), aunque no les dan el manejo adecuado, no los conservan para su uso en época seca o critica, tienen como principal fuente energética la melaza y la caña de azúcar (66 y 74% respectivamente) y como fuente proteica el concentrado (28%), presentan una calidad genética animal buena (Brahaman, Pardo y Holstein), aunque no es explotada según su potencial, los cruces no tienen control, orden y registro, no presentando la definición de lo que se quiere genéticamente en el hato, siendo la monta natural la principal forma de reproducción (66%), los planes sanitarios se encuentran con diferentes frecuencias siendo lo más común las vacunaciones semestralmente, desparasitaciones y vitaminación trimestral (86 y 83% respectivamente), las enfermedades y agentes causales son las parasitosis, curso negro y diarrea viral, reciben capacitación en temas de alimentación, manejo del ordeño limpio, salud, reproducción pero más enfocado al aspecto productivo, sobre todo por parte de los centros de acopio. La productividad de la leche es baja, sobre todo que con los grupos raciales que tienen solo realizan un ordeño, producto del mal manejo alimenticio y nutricional. Los entrevistados señalan que la calidad que tiene su leche es de tipo A y que los precios son fluctuantes entre los 8 a 10 C$, por litro, la cual es mayormente vendida a los centros de acopio. Finalmente se determina que las comarcas sujetas al presente estudio presentan un alto potencial productivo que de manejarse eficiente y técnicamente podría superar lo que actualmente se produce.

The Ohlin-Keynes Debate on the German Interwar Reparations Revisited

This paper analyzes the debate between Ohlin and Keynes on the question as to whether Germany was able to make the payments specified in the Dawes Plan. Keynes argued that Germany was able to collect the money but unable to transfer it to the victors because there existed an insurmountable “transfer problem”. Ohlin replied that such a “transfer problem” did not exist and, therefore, that Germany was able to make the payments stipulated by the Dawes Committee. This paper analyzes the positions of the two contenders and argues that the problems are not correctly delimited and that the theoretical bases of the contenders show serious deficiencies. It also brings to light some interesting theoretical and practical paradoxes that neither Keynes nor Ohlin dealt with.

‘Neptune’ between ‘Hesperus’ and ‘Vulcan’: On descriptive names and non-existence

[EN]This work will focus on some aspects of descriptive names. The New Theory of Reference, in line with Kripke, takes descriptive names to be proper names. I will argue in this paper that descriptive names and certain theory in reference to them, even when it disagrees with the New Theory of Reference, can shed light on our understanding of (some) non-existence statements. I define the concept of descriptive name for hypothesised object (DNHO). My thesis being that DNHOs are, as I will specify, descriptions: a proposition expressed by the utterance ‘n is F’, where ‘n’ is a DNHO, is not singular at all; it is a descriptive proposition. To sum up, concerning proper names, the truth lies closer to the New Theory of Reference, but descriptivism is not altogether false. As for DNHOs descriptivism is, in some cases, the right fit.

Multilingual Nomenclature of Place and Oceanographic Names in the Region of the Okhotsk Sea

clarify the multilingual problem of place and oceanographic names in the region of the Okhotsk Sea, especially in Southern Sakhalin (Minami Karafuto) and in the Kuril Islands (Chishima Islands) areas. (PDF contains 61 pages)

Body and Grotesque as Self-Disruption in Kerstin Hensel’s Gothic East(ern) German Novel Lärchenau (2008)

[EN] By analysing the novel Lärchenau and its -to a certain point- gothic features, this article interprets the elaboration of body in this novel as a site of the expression of power, but also as an alternative language. The grotesque dimension and the representation of the bodily numbness and pain as projections of historical awareness are key elements for the interpretation of Lärchenau in the context of Post-Unification Germany.

Änderung wissenschaftlicher Gattungsnamen der Echten Rochen (Raja spp.), Familie Rajidae

Based on a comprehensive compilation and evaluation of hitherto published revisions by international rajid systematists, the U.S. authors McEachran and Dunn (1998) published a summarizing revision on phylogenetic interrelationships within the family Rajidae. The family has been subdivided into the two subfamilies Rajinae and Arhynchobatinae comprising 15 and 11 rajid genera, respectively. Within the Rajinae, seven former subgenera of Raja and Gurgesiella have been newly elevated to generic rank, likewise two former subgenera of Raja within the Arhynchobatinae. As a consequence, generic names have changed for quite a number of mainly former Raja species not only in European and North Atlantic waters. Table 1 presents for comparison a selection of European skate species on the shelf with the former and new generic assignment, as well as their German names. As Fishery Conventions and Societies, as well as regional (e.g., ICES) and international organizations (e.g., FAO) are increasingly using the new scientific name combinations for fishery statistics and in relevant publications, all involved in fisheries should be aware of these nomenclatorial alterations.

Bilingual Lexicography:Relevance of Corpora. The Example of German-Basque as Language Pair

Presentation for the 5th International Conference on Corpus Linguistics (CILC 2013), V Congreso Internacional de Lingüistica de Corpus.

Nigerian German Kainji Lake Fisheries Promotion Project - approach, result, future

The paper highlighted the overall goal and purpose of the Nigerian German Kainji Lake Fisheries Promotion Project. The main goal is to increase the standard of living of fishing communities in the project area. The target groups are the fishermen and fisherwomen in the area. The project also developed in effective extension delivery system in the basin. Also developed at the project headquarters are facilities for the execution of the project. The project are able to carry out frame, gear and stock assessment surveys on the Lake and able to formulate a fisheries management plan for the fisheries of Kainji Lake

Creating a German–Basque Electronic Dictionary for German Learners

Revista OJS

Bilingual Dictionary Drafting. The Example of German-Basque, a Medium-density Language Pair

Edited by Andrea Abel, Chiara Vettori, Natascia Ralli.

An identification key of the most important German freshwater teleost fishes by means of their eggs [Translation from: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 83(2), 200-212, 1978]

The fetal and larval development of many freshwater fish is already relatively well covered. Coverage of the morphology of fish-species' eggs is very sparse. For this reason the authors have attempted to prepare a key on fish eggs which covers the bulk of German Teleostei fish. The key also includes a discussion of problems of categorization and terminology.