Lucien Wolf and David Mowshowitch papers, [ca. 1869-1959]

Correspondence, reports, minutes, manuscripts, and clippings relating to the activities of Wolf, Mowshowitch, and the Joint Foreign Committee, as well as to the political situation of Jews in various countries and to the Paris Peace Conference. Papers of Lucien Wolf include his diary, lectures on English-German relations and English-Russian relations; bibliography of Wolf's works on Jewish themes; clippings of Wolf's articles; congratulations on his seventieth birthday; article on his last interview with Chamberlain; and correspondence with parents, 1869-1882, A. Abrahams, 1914-1925, Chief Rabbi Dr. J.H. Hertz, 1892-1923, Clara Melchior, 1913-1929, Jacob Schiff, 1910, Maxim Vinawer, 1917, Mark Wischnitzer, 1926-1928, Lord Robert Cecil, 1916-1919, Lord Rothschild, 1906, Cyrus Adler, Count J. Bernstorff, Szymon Ashkenazy, Solomon Dingol, Louis Marshall, Claude G. Montefiore, Sir Edward Sassoon, Jacob Schiff, Lord William Selborne, Nakhum Sokolow, Oscar Straus, Chaim Weizmann, the American Jewish Congress, 1916-1923, Hilfsverein der Deutschen Juden, 1913, and Jewish Historical Society of England.

Board of Delegates of American Israelites records 1859-1881, 1887, 1932

Contains printed copies of the 1860 constitution and by-laws, copies of proceedings and annual reports, 1859-1877, of the Board of Delegates; report on Jews in Roumania, an 1874 annual report of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society, manuscript minute books and minutes of meetings, 1859-1876, resolutions, executive, financial, ritual slaughtering and other special committee reports, newspaper clippings and correspondence with synagogues and organizations in the U.S. who constitute the membership of the Board of Delegates, with the Union of American Hebrew Congregations with whom they later merged, the Union's Board of Delegates of Civil and Religious Rights, and with individuals and organizations in foreign countries including the Alliance Israelite Universelle, the Anglo-Jewish Association, the Board of Deputies of British Jews, the Committee for the Roumanian Jews (Berlin), the Koenigsberg Committee, and the London Roumanian Committee.

Growth of Jewish Land Settlements in Crimea 1924-1934

Digital image

Schwalenberg (Lippe); Jewish Community Collection 1700-1859

Bernhard Lowe, September 1999 (no ackn.)

Kaikkialla minne hän katsoo, hän näkee Sinut : Johannes Viiniköynnöksen käsitys ruumiillisten ja hengellisten aistien merkityksestä Jumalan tuntemisessa

Johannes Viiniköynnös oli 700-luvulla syyrialaisella kielialueella elänyt erakko ja mystikko, jonka värikkäissä ja runollisissa kirjoituksissa käsitellään monenlaisia hengellisen elämän kysymyksiä. Eräs merkille pantava piirre hänen ilmaisussaan on hengellisten aistikielikuvien runsaus. Tässä pro gradu -tutkielmassa Johannes Viiniköynnöksen kirjoitukset liitetään osaksi patristista hengellisten aistien traditiota. Tutkielmassa selvitetään, miten Johannes ymmärtää sisäisen ja ulkoisen aistitoiminnan merkityksen ja muutoksen hengellisen elämän eri vaiheissa. Kysymys sisältää sekä epistemologisen että antropologisen tason: Ensinnäkin analysoidaan, mikä on ruumiillisen ja hengellisen aistitoiminnan tiedollinen merkitys hengellisessä elämässä ja Jumalan tuntemisessa. Sen ohella pohditaan, minkä roolin Johannes antaa ruumiille ja sielulle tässä prosessissa ja millaisia muutoksia niiden suhteessa tapahtuu hengellisen elämän edetessä. Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan Johanneksen käsitystä aistitoiminnasta sekä askeettisen kilvoittelun että mystisen kontemplaation yhteydessä. Analyysissa osoittautuu, että Johanneksen käsitys ihmisen langenneesta aistitoiminnasta sisältää stoalaisen havaintoteorian elementtejä, jotka ovat välittyneet hänelle Evagrios Pontoslaisen kautta. Johannes painottaa, että ihmisen on irtauduttava aistimaailman impulsseista ja käännettävä katseensa omaan sisimpäänsä, sillä Jumala voidaan oppia tuntemaan vain sielun peilistä kuvastuvana heijastuksena. Johannes Viiniköynnökselle mystinen elämä merkitsee yhdistymistä Kristuksen mieleen, jonka kautta avautuvat kaikki hengelliset salaisuudet. Ne vastaanotetaan aistien kaltaisilla kyvyillä, joita Johannes kutsuu sielun voimiksi . Analyysi hengellisen aistivaikutuksen välittymisestä osoittaa, että Johanneksen aistiteologiassa tapahtuu askeesista kontemplaatioon siirryttäessä myös siirtymä stoalaisen havainto-opin periaatteista uusplatonistiseen emanaatiomalliin, jossa aistivaikutus välittyy intellektin kautta sieluun ja lopulta ruumiiseen. Tutkielmassa tuodaan esiin, että hengelliseen aistikieleen sisältyy myös tiettyjä ongelmia. Se kuvaa aina väistämättä olemisen tapaa, joka muistuttaa ihmisen ruumiillista eksistenssiä aineellisessa maailmassa. Tarkastelussa kuitenkin osoittautuu, että Johannes on tietoinen tästä ongelmasta ja vastaa siihen kuvaamalla mystisen yhtymyksen huipentuman tilaksi, jossa kaikki aistinta lamaantuu. Tästä tilasta voidaan puhua vain apofaattisesti negaatioilla ja paradokseilla, jotka irrottavat Jumalan aistimaailman lainalaisuuksista. Tutkielmassa kiinnitetään huomiota arvoon, jonka Johannes antaa sekä aineelliselle luodulle että ihmisruumiille Jumalan tuntemisessa, ja korostetaan, ettei platonistisen filosofian vaikutus väistämättä tarkoita ruumiin ja hengen dualismia. Lopuksi esitetään, että hengellisten aistien ideaa on hedelmällisintä tarkastella koko hengellisen elämän kattavana tiedollisten kykyjen transformaationa eikä pelkkänä mystisen kontemplaation erityisaspektina.

Ühis- ning erijooni Soome ja Eesti Kaitseliitude puhkpillimuusikas aastatel 1925-1934.

This study focuses on the similarities and differences between the Estonian Defence League and the Finnish Civil Guard brass bands during the period 1925-1934. By 1934 this paramilitary volunteer state defence organisation had reached stability in its development, such that social, cultural and patriotic education of the people - with the help of brass band music among other means- had acquired a significant role, in addition to prioritised military and sports activities. The study begins with introductory paragraphs I and II, which describes the founding of the organisations, their participation in the Wars of Independence and their subsequent peace time activities as well as their representation in the media at the time. The thesis also briefly introduces military music in Finland and Estonia, as well as describes the influence of military music on the Defence League brass bands. The period under review includes the global economic crisis, which undoubtedly concerned the Defence League/Civil Guard and the Lapua and War of Independence movements, which greatly affected the apolitical principles of the organisations. The main emphasis of the thesis is the Defence League/Civil Guard brass band`s musical activities in two counties - Etelä-Pohjanmaa and Pärnumaa, while also including a general overview of the Estonian Defence League brass bands´ activities. One of the most important benefits of the thesis is its introduction of the brass band repertoire in use at the time, which was played by both professional and as well as amateur orchestras the latter of which also included the brass bands of the Defence League/Civil Guard and the Fire Services. Brass band music held a secondary, yet significant position in the Defence League/Civil Guard, where the orchestra as a musical grouping was obliged to perform not only at inner-organisational and national celebrations but also at any event requiring brass band music, such as song festivals, singing days, and other local cultural events. The professional preparation of the band conductors at the beginning of the period under review was not well specialised, but the training of the Defence League/Civil Defence brass band conductors was carried out regularly in both republic according to the opportunities and dedicated training programmes available. The musicians of the Defence League/Civil Defence brass bands were at the same time members of the military organisations as well as amateur musicians, which placed upon them extra demands - they were under close public supervision in all situations. Based on the principle of chronology it appeared that both Finnish and Estonian respective organisations´ brass bands used the gradually improving economic situation for purchasing musical instruments, obtaining repertoire and training musicians/conductors. Despite the fact that brass band music in the Defence League/Civil Guard was considered an amateur activity and a hobby, the more far-reaching objective of the organisation was to resemble the Defence Forces´ orchestras as closely as possible in all aspects. The Defence League/Civil Guard brass band music definitely had a significant influence on forming, developing and enriching music life in both republics. The reviewed nine-year period introduced the musical activities of the Defence League/Civil Guard against the background of the everyday life of the organisation and the need for brass band music and its continuity in the voluntary state defence institutions of both republics.

El XXXII Congreso Eucarístico Internacional en memoria de los 80 años de su celebración (1934- 2014)

Resumen: El Congreso Eucarístico Internacional de 1934 marcó un antes y un después en la Iglesia argentina. Al celebrar sus ochenta años es importante recordar algunas de las consideraciones canónicas que se tuvieron en cuenta para su realización, así como las consecuencias pastorales que tuvo en la Iglesia argentina.

Os direitos políticos nas Constituições de 1891 e 1934

Analisa a evolução dos direitos políticos no Brasil a partir das constituições de 1891 e 1934, cartas políticas consideradas democráticas pela historiografia. Enfoca o contexto histórico das constituições sob análise, introduzindo a temática dos direitos políticos no processo de evolução do constitucionalismo brasileiro. Propõe-se a entender, sem fazer propriamente uma confrontação literal das Constituições de 1891 e 1934, como os direitos políticos se fizeram inscrever nestes textos constitucionais e demonstrar, à luz do processo histórico, quais as influências e origens que determinaram a positivação desses direitos bem como mostrar em que medida esses direitos ganharam efetividade sob a égide das cartas políticas analisadas. Questiona até que ponto os direitos políticos existiram, de fato - já que existiram de direito - nas duas primeiras Constituições democráticas brasileiras. Nesse sentido, desenvolve, ainda que de forma breve, uma conceituação jurídica da expressão "Direitos Políticos". Busca então a origem histórica dos direitos políticos, situando no contexto, as origens do sufrágio universal. Num outro momento, analisa o papel das elites intelectuais no processo de institucionalização dos direitos políticos no Brasil. Ao final, procura mostrar o contexto histórico em que estiveram inseridas as Constituições analisadas, para que em seguida se pontue, se descreva e analise as repercussões dos direitos políticos inscritos nos textos constitucionais estudados.

Os Guayanazes : conto historico sobre a fundação de S. Paulo : recordação das ferias de 1858 a 1859

O autor esclarece, no prefácio da obra, ter sido ela redigida "aos trambolhos e às carreiras" e tratar-se de uma experiência num gênero novo - o ensaio. Mas J. Navarro de Andrade, na introdução de seu texto "Viagem ao Araguaia" diz o seguinte de José Vieira Couto de Magalhães : despretensioso, é, contudo, o conto aludido, um trabalho de merecimento, pena é que o autor não produzisse nesse sentido outros escritos, e seguisse outra vereda da vida.

Collecção das Leis do Imperio do Brasil de 1859

Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo

Coleção das Leis da República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil de 1934

Parte 1 - Atos do Governo Provisório

Charles M. Breder, Jr.: Atlantis Expedition, 1934

Dr. Charles M. Breder participated on the 1934 expedition of the Atlantis from Woods Hole, Massachusetts to Panama and back and kept a field diary of daily activities. The Atlantis expedition of 1934, led by Prof. A. E. Parr, was a milestone in the history of scientific discovery in the Sargasso Sea and the West Indies. Although naturalists had visited the Sargasso Sea for many years, the Atlantis voyage was the first attempt to investigate in detailed quantitative manner biological problems about this varying, intermittent ‘false’ bottom of living, floating plants and associated fauna. In addition to Dr. Breder, the party also consisted of Dr. Alexander Forbes, Harvard University and Trustee of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI); T. S. Greenwood, WHOI hydrographer; M. D. Burkenroad, Yale University’s Bingham Laboratory, carcinology and Sargasso epizoa; M. Bishop, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Zoology Dept., collections and preparations and H. Sears, WHOI ichthyologist. The itinerary included the following waypoints: Woods Hole, the Bermudas, Turks Islands, Kingston, Colon, along the Mosquito Bank off of Nicaragua, off the north coast of Jamaica, along the south coast of Cuba, Bartlett Deep, to off the Isle of Pines, through the Yucatan Channel, off Havana, off Key West, to Miami, to New York City, and then the return to Woods Hole. During the expedition, Breder collected rare and little-known flying fish species and developed a method for hatching and growing flying fish larvae. (PDF contains 48 pages)

Cartas enviadas por Telesforo de Aranzadi a Justo Garate entre 1933 y 1934

6 cartas y 4 tarjetas (manuscritas) ; entre 225x165mm y 140x90mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 40

I. Foehn winds of southern California. II. Foehn wind cyclo-genesis. III. Weather conditions associated with the Akron disaster. IV. The Los Angeles storm of December 30, 1933 to January 1, 1934

I. Foehn winds of southern California.
An investigation of the hot, dry and dust laden winds occurring in the late fall and early winter in the Los Angeles Basin and attributed in the past to the influences of the desert regions to the north revealed that these currents were of a foehn nature. Their properties were found to be entirely due to dynamical heating produced in the descent from the high level areas in the interior to the lower Los Angeles Basin. Any dust associated with the phenomenon was found to be acquired from the Los Angeles area rather than transported from the desert. It was found that the frequency of occurrence of a mild type foehn of this nature during this season was sufficient to warrant its classification as a winter monsoon. This results from the topography of the Los Angeles region which allows an easy entrance to the air from the interior by virtue of the low level mountain passes north of the area. This monsoon provides the mild winter climate of southern California since temperatures associated with the foehn currents are far higher than those experienced when maritime air from the adjacent Pacific Ocean occupies the region.

II. Foehn wind cyclo-genesis.
Intense anticyclones frequently build up over the high level regions of the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau which lie between the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountains to the west and the Rocky Mountains to the east. The outflow from these anticyclones produce extensive foehns east of the Rockies in the comparatively low level areas of the middle west and the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Normally at this season of the year very cold polar continental air masses are present over this territory and with the occurrence of these foehns marked discontinuity surfaces arise between the warm foehn current, which is obliged to slide over a colder mass, and the Pc air to the east. Cyclones are easily produced from this phenomenon and take the form of unstable waves which propagate along the discontinuity surface between the two dissimilar masses. A continual series of such cyclones was found to occur as long as the Great Basin anticyclone is maintained with undiminished intensity.

III. Weather conditions associated with the Akron disaster.
This situation illustrates the speedy development and propagation of young disturbances in the eastern United States during the spring of the year under the influence of the conditionally unstable tropical maritime air masses which characterise the region. It also furnishes an excellent example of the superiority of air mass and frontal methods of weather prediction for aircraft operation over the older methods based upon pressure distribution.

IV. The Los Angeles storm of December 30, 1933 to January 1, 1934.
This discussion points out some of the fundamental interactions occurring between air masses of the North Pacific Ocean in connection with Pacific Coast storms and the value of topographic and aerological considerations in predicting them. Estimates of rainfall intensity and duration from analyses of this type may be made and would prove very valuable in the Los Angeles area in connection with flood control problems.