Avaliação do perfil dos consumidores de carne de frango no município de Araçatuba - SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Programa de conscientização de idosos sobre posse responsável de animais de estimação em bairro periférico do município de Araçatuba, SP

Currently, responsible ownership of pets has been widely discussed. In the past, they were brought to our society and it is our duty nowadays to establish this relationship between man and animal. This study aimed at evaluating the level of knowledge of elderly dog owners about responsible ownership with emphasis on control of canine visceral leishmaniasis and at the same time make them aware of the precautions to be taken. An individual questionnaire on the subject was applied to 68 elderly people. They all belong to Nossa Senhora Aparecida Village, located on the suburb of Araçatuba-SP. Along with the interview, veterinary students advised them on the control of canine visceral leishmaniasis, the importance of sterilization in cats and dogs and the responsible ownership, with distribution of informative leaflets. Fecal samples from dogs were collected by the owners and they were sent to the Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases at Odontology Faculty at Araçatuba UNESP to be processed through the Willis-Mollay technique. Anthelmintic were acquired in the project and donated for the treatment of animals tested positive. 56.25% (63/112) out of the total number of dogs examined were females, aged between one and ten years. Only 32.14% (36/112) had access to the streets, 90.18% (101/112) were not castrated and 58% (65/112) were mixed breed (SRD). Among the owners, 88.24% (60/68) did not know what zoonosis is and 14.71% (10/68) were not aware what leishmaniasis is. Regarding the researched animals, 62.50% (70/112) had ectoparasites (fleas and ticks). It was also observed that 67.86% (76/112) of dogs had been dewormed, but in 59.82% (36/112) of cases, the intervals between these processes were irregular. For females, 85.71% (54/63) had no prevention heat and it was noted that 19.51% (8 / 41) had already given birth, had dystocia. With these data we can confirm the lack of information by these elderly and the need to establish community awareness and continued programs.

Perfil bioquímico das galinhas poedeiras na região de Araçatuba-SP

The establishment of reference values is extremely important for successful diagnosis and treatament. Considering that in most species the serum chemistry profile is influenced by race, climate and management, we decided to determine the values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, creatinine, creatine kinase (CK), phosphatase alkaline (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total protein (TP) and albumin of Dekalb hens in the region of Araçatuba - SP. All samples were processed soon after harvesting in an automatic biochemical analyzer calibrated and monitored with control serum levels I and II. The following confidence intervals were obtained: 44-65,5 U / L (AST); 18,4-21,2 U / L (ALT), 2.1-2.5 mg / dL (uric acid); 1.7 to 5.7 U / L (CK); CI 1.2-2.2 mg / dL (creatinine), 1276-1506 U / L (FA); 18-23,4 U / L (GGT); 27.12 to 29 g / L (PT), from 11.4 to 12.16 g / L (albumin).

Avaliação dos dados obtidos em um programa de esterilização cirúrgica de gatos em Araçatuba, SP no período de 1996 a 2010

Cats are gradually occupying a more important position as pets and this preference is a result of how easy cat maintenance in an urban environment is, even though they are very prolific and need surgical sterilization. This paper aims at evaluating obtained data within 15 years of research in a university service program that offers free cats sterilization surgery. We carried out a statistical analysis of data shown in the records of animals treated by the program. Surgical sterilization was performed on 647 animals (409 females – 63% and 238 males – 37%). Unilateral cryptorchidism was observed in 9 (3.8%) male cats. Forty (10%) female cats were pregnant at the time of the surgery and the treatment with contraceptives was observed in 67 (16.4%) female cats. One death occurred during anesthesia recovery and 2 cats were euthanized because of wound infection, totalizing an amount of 0.5% of severe complications. From 1996 to 2004, 212 female cats were spayed (122 adults and 90 prepubertal) and during that time two different approaches for ovariohysterectomy were compared: flank laparotomy and ventral midline celiotomy. The flank laparotomy approach was used in only 46 female cats (21.7%) due to some disadvantages observed – the need of an incision on each flank in prepubertal or nulliparous animals and the difficulty or impossibility of total uterus removal. In the same period, 105 male cats underwent orchiectomy via an open technique in which the spermatic cord was linked with nylon thread. From 2005 to 2010, 197 females (106 adults and 91 prepubertal) were spayed. The minilaparotomy technique was used to perform ovariohysterectomy on 139 female cats (70.6%). In this procedure, ovaries and uterus were exteriorized in a blind fashion with a hook through a small midline incision. The traditional midline ovariohysterectomy, which incision length permits direct visualization of the ovaries and uterus, had to be performed in 58 (29.4%) female cats due to advanced pregnancy, full urinary bladder during surgery or obesity. Over the past 6 years, 133 male cats (48 adults and 85 prepubertal) were castrated by means of an open technique in which the spermatic cord was tied to itself. The demand for surgeries during the project demonstrated that people are becoming aware concerning the importance of sterilization when facing cat overpopulation and abandonment.

Avaliação laboratorial da cinomose canina: estudo retrospectivo de 25 casos no município de Araçatuba-SP

Canine Distemper is a contagious, severe and multisystemic disease caused by a virus from Morbillivírus genus. The virus is distributed worldwide and it presents a high lethality rate, affecting mainly dogs. The diagnosis is based on clinical signs associated with hematological fi ndings. The observation of Lentz bodies in erythrocytes and leukocytes is the defi nitive diagnosis for the disease. The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis that the hematological profi le in dogs positive for canine distemper differs according to blood cell type presenting Lentz bodies. For this purpose, 25 dogs positive for the disease were evaluated at the Veterinary Hospital “Luís Quintiliano de Oliveira” UNESP, Araçatuba city. The diagnosis was based on the observation of Lentz bodies in blood smears. Fromthe total, 64% of dogs presented anemia, 16% leucopenia and 12% leukocytosis. Lymphopenia occurred in 76% of dogs. Viral inclusions were observed solely in neutrophils (32%), lymphocytes (28%) and erythrocytes (12%). Concomitant observation occurred in lymphocytes and erythrocytes (4 %), in lymphocytes and neutrophils (12%), in neutrophils and monocytes (4%) and in neutrophils and erythrocytes (4%). In an isolated case Lentz bodies were observed simultaneously in neuthrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes. In conclusion, hematological profi le is not associated with the presence of viral inclusion in a particular cell type.

Avaliação dos conceitos sobre posse responsável exercida pela terceira idade em instituições não governamentais de Araçatuba-SP

Pets bring expressive benefits into the life of the elderly, so it becomes necessary to emphasize some of the concepts regarding responsible ownership consisting of a set of important attitudes that accounts for the well-being of all. In this context, non-governmental institutions represent an excellent mean of communication and information. Besides, the increase of the third aged people population indicates that a survey of parameters to this respect is necessary. Being thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the aged ones´ level of knowledge regarding their responsibility for their pet. A questionnaire was applied to 134 aged people, members of non-governmental organizations in the city of Araçatuba, SP, in order to find out how they took care of their pet animals. The pets aged from 2 to 336 months, being 43,3% mixed-breed animals. Out of that, 60,9% were male dogs and among cats, 65.2% were female cats. There was a 69.4% preference for dogs and a 17.9% preference for cats, only 10.5% of the elderly had preference for birds. From the descriptive statistics analysis it could be observed that 69.40% did not have any access to the street and that 50% did not have a veterinarian follow-up. Regarding vaccination it could be observed that 71.64% had received the rabies vaccine and 70.9% had received the combination vaccine. Also, 74.63% did not know the right moment to give medicines against animal worms. Another important fact was that 85.07% of the animals were not castrated and 84.91% were not under any preventive contraception method. In regard to food 50.75% of the animals were fed strictly with animal food, 12.69% with domestic food and 36.57% with both. Finally, 78.36% of the pets had never been ill. In this way, we can assure the importance of making responsible pet ownership measures well-known among third-aged people.

Fluoretação das águas de abastecimento público no município de Araçatuba/SP

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Perfil de acidentes envolvendo risco biológico em profissionais de saúde de Araçatuba-SP: uma caracterização dos envolvidos

Each year individuals have sought a better quality of life and work, in this case, the science of Bio-insurance needs to keep up with technological advances and the needs of society to minimize or eliminate the risks of accidents. This study evaluated the most common accidents involving health staff from 2007 to 2011 in Araçatuba-SP. 478 accidents were recorded, and 78.7% with percutaneous involvement, 9% with intact skin, 4% with no skin intact, with 7.3 mucous and 1.05% other types of exposures. Most accidents were caused by needles with lumen (68.0%), followed by other agents (14.1%), accidents with blades (8.5%) or needles without lumen (5.5%); 3.7% did not answer and 0.2% were accidents with glasses. When checking the condition in which the accident occurred, 26.0% did not specify, 25.1% occurred in the disposal and / or handling sharp objects, 12.0% at the time of drug administration, 6.9% puncture, 3.7% occurred during recapping the needle. These data show that the most common accidents are those involving needles with lumen and / or sharp objects and due to these factors, the industry of health materials have sought alternatives to minimize such accidents as needles with protective, vacuum collection . Thus, it appears that reporting accidents is important for the development of technical and / or safer materials for patients and health workers.

Auto/não-auto discriminação de raízes e o reconhecimento parental de Eucalyptus urophylla sob diferentes condições ambientais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito das condições ambientais no nível de ruído emitido por leitões

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a influência das variáveis ambientais nos níveis de ruídos emitidos por suínos e quantificar as faixas em dB comparativamente às condições de conforto térmico estabelecidas pela literatura. O experimento foi conduzido em câmara climática, onde foram alojados cinco leitões em fase de creche, submetidos à variação na temperatura ambiente de 20°C a 38°C e umidade relativa de 50% a 80%. Decibelímetros foram instalados para o registro dos níveis de ruídos e sensores dataloggers para os dados de temperatura e umidade relativa. O nível de atividade foi utilizado para quantificar a movimentação dos animais por intermédio de análise de imagens. Análises de correlação e regressão foram aplicadas nos dados para análise estatística. As variáveis ambientais influenciam na emissão de ruídos pelos leitões quando expostos a diferentes condições térmicas. Os níveis de ruídos foram estabelecidos em faixas de acordo com a condição térmica a que animais foram submetidos. Para a condição de conforto (20 a 23°C), níveis de ruídos na faixa de 70 a 75dB; condição de alerta (23 a 30°C), níveis de ruídos na faixa de 60 a 70dB e para condição de estresse térmico (acima de 30°C), na faixa de 55 a 60dB.

Fotodegradação de antibióticos de nitrofurano em condições ambientais

Ao submeter uma solução aquosa de 5-nitro-2-furaldeído (NFA) a fotólise com impulsos de luz de curta duração (produzidos por um laser de estado sólido de Nd-YAG) origina-se uma absorvância (transiente) de curta duração que é atribuída à absorção de luz pelo NFA no estado tripleto mais baixo (3NFA*). O espectro desta absorção de luz apresenta um λmax = 475 ± 5 nm, que se mostrou ser insensível à polaridade do solvente. Em solução aquosa, a absorção do 3NFA* decai para uma absorção transiente de tempo de vida mais longo e que, medida em tempos diferentes (depois do fim do impulso), revelou ser devida a um radical furiloxilo (a de λmax ≈ 375 nm) e ao anião radical NFA•‒ (a de λmax ≈ 400 nm). Estes dois radicais foram gerados independentemente um do outro, o que permitiu confirmar a atribuição daquela absorção de longo tempo de vida (obtida na fotólise de NFA em água) aos radicais furiloxilo e anião radical do NFA. O tempo de vida (τ) do 3NFA* revelou uma dependência em relação à natureza do solvente e à concentração de NFA no estado fundamental. Da propensão do 3NFA* para abstrair um átomo de hidrogénio de solventes (com átomos de H abstraíveis) concluiu-se a natureza (n, π*) do estado tripleto de menor energia do NFA. A dependência de τ em relação à concentração de NFA (no estado fundamental) forneceu evidência cinética em favor da formação de um excímero tripleto que supostamente se dissocia em iões radicais (catião e anião) como é proposto no mecanismo de auto-supressão do 3NFA* por transferência de electrão. O efeito da acididade sobre τ corrobora o mecanismo de auto-supressão por transferência de electrão. A análise cromatográfica e espectroscópica da solução fotolisada de NFA em água permitiu identificar a 5-hidroximetileno-2(5H)-furanona, o ião nitrito e uma substância desconhecida de tR 3.69 minutos como os fotoprodutos maioritários. Apresenta-se evidência conclusiva de que a 5-hidroximetileno-2(5H)-furanona provém do radical furiloxilo. Mostra-se que a substância desconhecida também pode ser obtida na foto-redução de NFA em propan-2-ol e na redução química de NFA por Fe (s) em água (em ambas, conjuntamente com produção de 5-amino-2-furaldeído). Com base na análise por espectroscopia de absorção de RMN de 1H e de 13C (com 2-D HMQC) e vibracional por FT no infravermelho médio, discute-se a possível estrutura da substância de tR 3.69 minutos obtida como um produto da foto-redução de NFA em água. Experiências de sensibilização e supressão do 3NFA* permitiram obter a energia de excitação do estado tripleto como 238 ± 2 kJ mol-1 o que, conjuntamente com o potencial de redução monoelectrónica (E71) do NFA fornece E71 (3NFA* / NFA•‒) = 2.26 V vs. SHE para o potencial de redução monoelectrónica do 3NFA* em solução aquosa neutra. Mostra-se que os aniões inorgânicos (usados como nucleófilos) são mono-oxidados pelo 3NFA* (como é indicado pela observação de NFA•‒ e do radical inorgânico) com constantes de velocidade de segunda-ordem (

Influência das condições ambientais no verdor da vegetação da caatinga frente às mudanças climáticas

The Caatinga biome, a semi-arid climate ecosystem found in northeast Brazil, presents low rainfall regime and strong seasonality. It has the most alarming climate change projections within the country, with air temperature rising and rainfall reduction with stronger trends than the global average predictions. Climate change can present detrimental results in this biome, reducing vegetation cover and changing its distribution, as well as altering all ecosystem functioning and finally influencing species diversity. In this context, the purpose of this study is to model the environmental conditions (rainfall and temperature) that influence the Caatinga biome productivity and to predict the consequences of environmental conditions in the vegetation dynamics under future climate change scenarios. Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) was used to estimate vegetation greenness (presence and density) in the area. Considering the strong spatial and temporal autocorrelation as well as the heterogeneity of the data, various GLS models were developed and compared to obtain the best model that would reflect rainfall and temperature influence on vegetation greenness. Applying new climate change scenarios in the model, environmental determinants modification, rainfall and temperature, negatively influenced vegetation greenness in the Caatinga biome. This model was used to create potential vegetation maps for current and future of Caatinga cover considering 20% decrease in precipitation and 1 °C increase in temperature until 2040, 35% decrease in precipitation and 2.5 °C increase in temperature in the period 2041-2070 and 50% decrease in precipitation and 4.5 °C increase in temperature in the period 2071-2100. The results suggest that the ecosystem functioning will be affected on the future scenario of climate change with a decrease of 5.9% of the vegetation greenness until 2040, 14.2% until 2070 and 24.3% by the end of the century. The Caatinga vegetation in lower altitude areas (most of the biome) will be more affected by climatic changes.

Avaliação do Impacto das Condições Ambientais nas Operações Navais

Os diagramas de impacto de missão, baseados nos limites de segurança para a realização de operações militares, tornaram-se uma ferramenta essencial no apoio às tomadas de decisão “go / no go” no âmbito militar. Estas ferramentas são vulgarmente utilizadas pelas forças armadas, tanto no planeamento estratégico como no emprego tático de meios, sistemas e armas. Para tal, estes critérios são confrontados com observações e previsões ambientais (meteo-oceanográficas) para produzir diagramas de impacto de missão, que antecipam em horas e dias, a existência de condições favoráveis ou desfavoráveis para a realização de uma determinada missão e para a execução de operações com o emprego de armas. Para uma utilização correta e eficiente destas ferramentas, por forma a revelarem-se um sistema de apoio à decisão útil e eficaz, torna-se necessário que os critérios a utilizar estejam em concordância com os meios e tarefas realizadas. Devendo para tal, traduzir a perceção dos militares relativa aos limites das condições ambientais no desempenho das plataformas, sensores e pessoal, conquistando dessa forma a sua confiança neste tipo de ferramentas. Pretende-se assim, com esta dissertação, analisar as atuais matrizes de critérios ambientais em uso na Marinha Portuguesa, no sentido de recolher a informação necessária, para elaborar uma proposta de novas tabelas mais adaptadas aos meios e missões da Marinha Portuguesa. Paralelamente, pretende-se também avaliar a opinião, dos principais utilizadores sobre a utilização destes instrumentos bem como, sobre a ferramenta que os disponibiliza na Marinha Portuguesa, o METOCMIL. Esta investigação foi desenvolvida a partir de questionários, submetidos à componente operacional da Marinha Portuguesa, permitindo a partir da sua análise estatística, propor uma nova matriz de critérios ambientais para a construção de MID. O produto desta dissertação, apresentado no capítulo três, demonstra as conclusões retiradas, apresentando os novos diagramas de impacto propostos.

Sucessão sedimentar do Grupo Bauru na região de Pirapozinho (SP)

There is yet enthusiastic debate in the literature about the environmental conditions that originated the Cretaceous deposits of the Bauru Group, despite many authors accept that arid climatic conditions widely dominant at the base, evolved to chiefly fluvial-lacustrine conditions at the intermediate portion, and to arid conditions again at the top of the unit. The Bauru Group covers an area of about 117.000 km 2 of the Paraná Basin in São Paulo State territory. Core samples of this lithostratigraphic unit collected from a drill hole at Pirapozinho (Southwest of the São Paulo State) are described and together with well log data brought new information that do not agree with the described model. It was identified in this well the Caiuá, Pirapozinho, Santo Anastácio, Araçatuba and Adamantina formations. The study of these core samples clearly showed the dominance of hydrodynamic sedimentary structures and high to medium intensity of bioturbation in whole profile. These characteristics observed in core samples and compared to patterns of geophysical logs testify the dominance of fluvial processes in the Bauru Group deposition at the studied area. These new data suggests that the paleo-environmental evolution of the unit was much more complex, showing strong lateral and vertical changes that diverges from the model more widely accepted in the literature.

Aspectos fenológicos e de produção de maracujá-granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) nas condições da Serra da Cantareira - SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV