A regularização fundiária e o registro de imóveis

Este trabalho tem por finalidade apresentar um estudo sobre as contribuições do serviço de registro imobiliário, com destaque em procedimentos de regularização fundiária de imóveis urbanos. Não raras vezes, empreendedores, administradores públicos, juízes, sociedade deparam-se com situações em que há a necessidade de titulação da terra como mecanismo de formalização da propriedade, oportunidade em que são exigidos os requisitos estabelecidos na legislação de regência. A adoção em caráter estrito das regras estabelecidas, em contraposição às peculiaridades e ao desregramento de assentamentos informais, importaria em eterna manutenção dos mesmos à margem da lei. Há, assim, de se criar mecanismos de consenso e soluções de compromisso, em que poder público, registrador imobiliário, operadores do direito e a própria comunidade envolvam-se no sentido de colmatar uma solução intermediária. Solução esta que, sem perder a necessária segurança jurídica dos registros públicos, possibilite a adoção de mecanismos que facilitem o acesso dos ocupantes à titulação da terra em que vivem. O título de propriedade representa mais do que mero papel. Traduz o poder de direito sobre determinado terreno, alçando-o da condição de um capital morto para elemento ativo em um mercado cada dia mais globalizado. Nesta esteira, arregimenta economicamente não apenas a população diretamente envolvida, quanto também possibilita, através da inserção dos imóveis regularizados no mercado, um aproveitamento e um incremento econômico catalisador de transformações econômico-sociais. Novos direitos, novos bens em garantia, novas condições de crédito, renovada segurança jurídica, enfim, novas oportunidades são desdobradas aos detentores, que agora podem investir sem o receio da precariedade decorrente de mera situação de posse. Estuda-se, assim, neste trabalho a importante atuação do registrador imobiliário e as vantagens decorrentes do processo de regularização fundiária, como um processo a ser estimulado e incrementado, concretizador de cidadania e efetivador dos direitos fundamentais de propriedade (art 5 CF/88) e de moradia (art. 6 da CF/88).

Urban functional structure characteristics and transformation in China

The paper analyzes urban functional structure characteristics of Chinese cities in 1996 using the Nelson method. The manufacturing employment percentage is much higher in metropolitan areas but is decreasing from 1989 to 1996. On the other hand, the weight of science, education, culture, hygiene, finance, insurance and real estate increases. The employment structure changes dramatically. Although the urbanization level of China is lower than that of the USA in 1955, the frequency distribution curve of urban functions is similar. The construction, transportation, commerce, finance, insurance, real estate, science, education, culture, hygiene and administration curves are normal. The mining employment converges on minor cities and the distribution is not normal. The urban function has changed with urban scale. The bigger the cities are, the smaller the manufacture, mining and construction employment weights, and the larger are the science, education, finance, insurance, real estate and administration weights. Commerce and transportation are distributed evenly and the difference is less. From the comparison in three zones of China, the employment percentage of manufacture, finance, insurance and real estate is higher in eastern coastal areas, while the employment percentage of science, education, administration is higher in western areas. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

La ruptura de una economía moral y las deslegitimación de las deudas hipotecarias

In Spain, during the recent housing bubble, purchasing a home seemed the most advantageous strategy to access housing, and there was a wide social consensus about the unavoidability of mortgage indebtedness. However, such consensus has been challenged by the financial and real-estate crisis. The victims of home repossessions have been affected by the transgression of several principles, such as the fair compensation for effort and sacrifice, the prioritisation of basic needs over financial commitments, the possibility of a second chance for over-indebted people, or the State's responsibility to guarantee its citizens' livelihood. Such principles may be understood as part of a moral economy, and their transgression has resulted in the emergence of a social movement, the Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH), that is questioning the legitimacy of mortgage debts. The article reflects on the extent to which the perception of over-indebtedness and evictions as unfair situations can have an effect on the reproduction of the political-economic system, insofar the latter is perceived as able or unable to repair injustice.

The Hindered Self-Help: Housing Policies, Politics And Poverty In Kolkata, India

The housing dimension in Kolkata has been changing in recent years. Since 1991, the city has initiated housing reform that has taken many forms and manifestations characterized by the reduction in social allocation, cutbacks in public funding and promotion of a real estate culture in close partnership between the state and private actors. There has been increasing concern about the housing condition of the poor in the deserted slums and bustee settlements amidst the evident ‘poor blindness’ in housing and investment policies. Against this background the paper discusses self-help housing in Kolkata. It seeks to answer a simple question – why the concept of self-help has not been recognised as a viable policy option for a city with widespread slums and bustee settlements by visiting the complex urban context of Kolkata set within the city's politics, poverty and policies. The paper concludes that there is a need to recognise the existing structural duality in the city and support self-help housing as a parallel housing approach.

Waterfront retrieved. Buenos Aires’ contrasting leisure experience

The southern waterfront of the city of Buenos Aires has been recovered. Now that more than 20 years have passed since the projects began, we are able to get some perspective on these developments and can confront them with the integral history of this area. The areas of Puerto Madero, Costanera Sur, Reserva Ecológica and Santa María del Plata have distinctive characteristics and these are reflected in urban landscape, architecture and especially through the use of these spaces. Real estate developments cohabit with public space, tourism with local leisure facilities, and the most expensive office floors with local choripan1 stands, all of these in a development in which the state, the municipality, international corporations and real estate companies have collaborated and discussed to produce a hybrid new space for the city.

The Birth of Shakespeare's Birthplace

"There is, indeed, little doubt,” the formidable scholar James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps confidently explained to the Victorian readers of his Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare, “that the Birth-place did not become one of the incentives for pilgrimage until public attention had been specially directed to it at the time of the Jubilee.” That's broadly true. The earliest reference to the three-gabled, half-timbered house (two houses, originally) on Henley Street in Stratford-upon-Avon as the birthplace of William Shakespeare dates only from the late 1750s, when it was so named in Samuel Winter's town map. During the Stratford Jubilee, which David Garrick organized in 1769, the “small old house,” as the actor's first biographer called it, was fully recognized and promoted as the place where Shakespeare was born. Even so, Halliwell-Phillipps's observation conceals more than it reveals, because there is also little doubt that the dwelling that tradition calls Shakespeare's birthplace did not suddenly acquire that status during the first week of September 1769. The process by which the unremarkable piece of real estate that John Shakespeare purchased sometime in the late sixteenth century was transformed into what Barbara Hodgdon has rightly called the “controlling ideological center” of Shakespeare biography was long, slow, and far from inevitable. That process is the subject of this essay.

The City as Laboratory and the Urban-Rural Divide: the Revival of Private Property and its Limits in Post-Mao China

This paper focuses on the revival of private property and its limits in urban China. It explores the emergence of urban property markets; urban property-holding in relation to the complexity of urban governance; “minor property rights apartments” that form a de facto real estate market and cross over the urban-rural divide; the “grey areas” of blurring legal and administrative boundaries in modern China; and recent changes to the rural land system and the rural-urban divide. The conclusion flags the theme of the city as laboratory with regard to the blurring legal and governmental urban-rural distinction.

The Revival of Private Property and Its Limits in Post-Mao China

This monograph examines the nature and significance of the re-emergence of private property in rapidly changing post-Mao China.

In examining this issue, the study explores a key dichotomy in Chinese law, that is, ‘public versus private’, and examines the manner in which the Chinese define ownership. The study stresses the importance of lack of clarity in the boundaries between the public and the private in property rights.

While there is a limited move towards the recognition of private property in real estate in contemporary China, this analysis also shows that ownership in the law, and ownership as understood and practised socially, often diverge significantly.

From the Qing dynasty reforms of the late nineteenth century onwards, ‘modernist’ law and entrenched social practice have often opposed each other. In contrast to the official, and indeed legal, support for unitary and exclusive property rights, the reality of the property regime has been a fragmentation of property rights. ‘Modern’ conceptions and theories of property rights emerged in the context of nation-building from the late Qing onwards, and unitary and exclusive property rights were considered as ‘badges’ of modernity.

These conceptions and theories served (and still serve) the purposes of control and governance but were, and still are, often resisted in social practice and popular thinking, leading to alienation and conflict. As a result, analysis of the nature and the social and political implications of re-emerging private property rights provides important insights for our understanding of the changing nature of modern China.

Apoio à fixação de rendas no mercado de arrendamento habitacional:uma proposta metodológica com recurso a técnicas integradas de estruturação e avaliação multicritério

Dissertação, Mestrado, Contabilidade e Finanças, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior de Gestão e Tecnologia, 2014

Avaliação imobiliária: entre a ciência da avaliação e a arte da apreciação

Recentemente a avaliação imobiliária levou ao colapso de instituições financeiras e à crise no Subprime. A presente investigação pretende contribuir para perceber quais os factores preponderantes na avaliação imobiliária. O trabalho aborda a problemática da assimetria de informação, os diferentes métodos de avaliação imobiliária e a importância das externalidades. Empiricamente há diversos casos analisados através do uso da metodologia da Regressão Linear, Análise de Clusters e Análise de Componentes Principais da Análise Factorial. O primeiro caso analisado é direccionado à avaliação das externalidades, onde os resultados indicam que as externalidades positivas principais são as seguintes: as vistas de marina são mais valorizadas que as vistas de mar, as vistas frontais são mais valorizadas que as vistas laterais e existem diferenças de valorização ao nível do piso de acordo com o tipo de habitação (residência ou férias). O segundo estudo analisa como o método do rendimento ajuda na explicação da realidade portuguesa, no qual foram obtidos três clusters de rendas e três clusters de yields para cada uma das amostras. Os resultados demonstram que: (a) ambos os clusters, das yields e das rendas são formados por diferentes elementos (b) que o valor da oferta é explicado pelo método do rendimento, pelo cluster das yields e pela densidade populacional. No terceiro estudo foram inquiridos 427 indivíduos que procuravam apartamento para residência. A partir da Análise de Componentes Principais da Análise Factorial efectuada obtiveram-se sete factores determinantes na procura de apartamento: as externalidades negativas, as externalidades positivas, a localização de negócios no rés-do-chão do edifício de apartamentos, os interesses racionais de proximidade, as variáveis secundárias na utilização do edifício, as variáveis de rendimento e as variáveis de interesses pessoais. A principal conclusão é que como é uma área transdisciplinar, é difícil chegar a um único modelo que incorpore os métodos de avaliação e as diferentes dinâmicas da procura. O avaliador, deve analisar e fazer o seu scoring, tendo em conta o equilíbrio entre a ciência da avaliação e a arte da apreciação.