Mejora de los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje del francés como lengua extranjera (FLE) por medio de la comunicación no verbal en los estudiantes de ciclo I de la Institución Educativa Distrital Integral La Candelaria

Tesis (Licenciado en Lenguas Castellana, Inglés y Francés).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de La Educación. Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, 2014

Graph analysis of verbal fluency test discriminate between patients with Alzheimer’s disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment and normal elderly controls

Verbal fluency is the ability to produce a satisfying sequence of spoken words during a given time interval. The core of verbal fluency lies in the capacity to manage the executive aspects of language. The standard scores of the semantic verbal fluency test are broadly used in the neuropsychological assessment of the elderly, and different analytical methods are likely to extract even more information from the data generated in this test. Graph theory, a mathematical approach to analyze relations between items, represents a promising tool to understand a variety of neuropsychological states. This study reports a graph analysis of data generated by the semantic verbal fluency test by cognitively healthy elderly (NC), patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment – subtypes amnestic(aMCI) and amnestic multiple domain (a+mdMCI) - and patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Sequences of words were represented as a speech graph in which every word corresponded to a node and temporal links between words were represented by directed edges. To characterize the structure of the data we calculated 13 speech graph attributes (SGAs). The individuals were compared when divided in three (NC – MCI – AD) and four (NC – aMCI – a+mdMCI – AD) groups. When the three groups were compared, significant differences were found in the standard measure of correct words produced, and three SGA: diameter, average shortest path, and network density. SGA sorted the elderly groups with good specificity and sensitivity. When the four groups were compared, the groups differed significantly in network density, except between the two MCI subtypes and NC and aMCI. The diameter of the network and the average shortest path were significantly different between the NC and AD, and between aMCI and AD. SGA sorted the elderly in their groups with good specificity and sensitivity, performing better than the standard score of the task. These findings provide support for a new methodological frame to assess the strength of semantic memory through the verbal fluency task, with potential to amplify the predictive power of this test. Graph analysis is likely to become clinically relevant in neurology and psychiatry, and may be particularly useful for the differential diagnosis of the elderly.

Opinión de enfermería y concordancia entre las escalas visual analógica, verbal simple y numérica, en la valoración del dolor agudo como 5ª constante vital

Objetivo: Conocer la opinión de los profesionales de enfermería sobre la utilidad del registro y valoración del dolor agudo como quinta constante clínica; así como, determinar la correlación de la escala visual analógica (EVA) con la verbal simple (EVS) y la verbal numérica (EVN). Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Cuestionario de opinión "ad hoc" y correlación lineal entre escalas. Análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial mediante el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el método de Bland-Altman. Resultados: muestra de 102 profesionales (58% mujeres). El 90,2% cree importante que se mida el dolor agudo; el 65,7% ven la escala EVA poco práctica; el 80,4% no sabe cuándo se debe reevaluar el dolor (p<0,05). La concordancia entre escalas fue baja-moderada, siendo la EVN la mejor alternativa a la EVA. Conclusiones: el procedimiento de registro y medición del dolor fue muy bien valorado por los profesionales, pero su implementación presentó baja adherencia. La concordancia obtenida no fue significativa para sustituir con garantías a la EVA.

Contención verbal y no verbal

Cada vez son más los casos en donde una persona muere durante el forcejeo que mantiene con las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado durante el proceso de detención. Esto supone un gran reto profesional para el médico forense que realiza la autopsia. En muchas ocasiones, los resultados obtenidos tras la autopsia no son entendidos por la sociedad, familiares del fallecido ni correctamente divulgados por los medios de comunicación, pareciendo que dicha muerte queda en un limbo judicial. Estas muertes, generalmente son consecuencia del síndrome de delirium agitado. Este síndrome no es bien conocido en nuestro país por parte de médicos ni por cuerpos de seguridad. Se engloban dentro de las muertes en privación de libertad o death in custody. En su producción intervienen factores como la patología previa del paciente, consumo de drogas, especialmente cocaína, y la forma de llevar a cabo el proceso de inmovilización del detenido.

Comunicação não verbal e estilo instrucional em treinadores de futebol

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das Organizações.

C-TONI: Teste de inteligência não verbal aferição de dados normativos para crianças sinalizadas com necessidades educativas especiais (nee) do concelho de Vila de Franca de Xira

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

La estructuración del tiempo verbal en el español y el árabe: estudio contrastivo español-árabe

Esta investigación tiene objetivos en dos vertientes esenciales. El primero, considerado camino fundamental para el segundo, radica en revelar los puntos conflictivos del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la temporalidad verbal del español para los estudiantes de ELE de origen árabe, en general, y egipcio, en particular. El segundo objetivo es tratar esos puntos problemáticos poniendo a prueba algunas estrategias metodológicas, actitudes y consejos con el fin de permitir la superación de las interferencias interlinguales e intralinguales. Ambos objetivos implicaron un estudio detallado de la estructuración de la temporalidad verbal en la lengua materna, en este caso, el árabe, y en la española, concretando y precisando los conceptos implicados en ese terreno, como tiempo físico, cronológico, lingüístico; y el aspecto y el modo gramaticales. Desde un enfoque contrastivo se ha procedido a concretar los errores que suelen cometer los aprendices, mediante el diseño de tres ejercicios que presentan los usos que representan dichos errores. El estudio se ha aplicado en un curso intensivo poniendo en práctica consejos pedagógicos y estrategias metodológicas, adoptando la teoría de Guillermo Rojo (1974) de conceptualización de las relaciones temporales (anterioridad, simultaneidad y posterioridad) y categorizándolas según la orientación directa e indirecta con el origen (el momento del habla). Igualmente, el curso se ha basado en la distribución de los usos de los tiempos verbales en rectos y dislocados, clasificación muy bien procesada por los informantes. De gran provecho para el análisis contrastivo han sido los artículos de Santos Gargallo (1990), Galindo Merino (2009) y Alexopoulou (2007) En la parte experimental de este estudio se aplicó un Pretest para analizar los errores frecuentes destacando los errores interlinguales e intralinguales de los participantes con el fin de tratarlos y mejorar su percepción de las relaciones temporales...

Lexicon-grammar of Russian verbal idioms

Dissertação de Mestrado, Ciências da Linguagem, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

Lenguaje no verbal o lo que se dice sin palabras: ¡silencio, que el cuerpo habla!

Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

Learning data-driven models of non-verbal behaviors for building rapport using an intelligent virtual agent

There is a growing societal need to address the increasing prevalence of behavioral health issues, such as obesity, alcohol or drug use, and general lack of treatment adherence for a variety of health problems. The statistics, worldwide and in the USA, are daunting. Excessive alcohol use is the third leading preventable cause of death in the United States (with 79,000 deaths annually), and is responsible for a wide range of health and social problems. On the positive side though, these behavioral health issues (and associated possible diseases) can often be prevented with relatively simple lifestyle changes, such as losing weight with a diet and/or physical exercise, or learning how to reduce alcohol consumption. Medicine has therefore started to move toward finding ways of preventively promoting wellness, rather than solely treating already established illness.^ Evidence-based patient-centered Brief Motivational Interviewing (BMI) interventions have been found particularly effective in helping people find intrinsic motivation to change problem behaviors after short counseling sessions, and to maintain healthy lifestyles over the long-term. Lack of locally available personnel well-trained in BMI, however, often limits access to successful interventions for people in need. To fill this accessibility gap, Computer-Based Interventions (CBIs) have started to emerge. Success of the CBIs, however, critically relies on insuring engagement and retention of CBI users so that they remain motivated to use these systems and come back to use them over the long term as necessary.^ Because of their text-only interfaces, current CBIs can therefore only express limited empathy and rapport, which are the most important factors of health interventions. Fortunately, in the last decade, computer science research has progressed in the design of simulated human characters with anthropomorphic communicative abilities. Virtual characters interact using humans’ innate communication modalities, such as facial expressions, body language, speech, and natural language understanding. By advancing research in Artificial Intelligence (AI), we can improve the ability of artificial agents to help us solve CBI problems.^ To facilitate successful communication and social interaction between artificial agents and human partners, it is essential that aspects of human social behavior, especially empathy and rapport, be considered when designing human-computer interfaces. Hence, the goal of the present dissertation is to provide a computational model of rapport to enhance an artificial agent’s social behavior, and to provide an experimental tool for the psychological theories shaping the model. Parts of this thesis were already published in [LYL+12, AYL12, AL13, ALYR13, LAYR13, YALR13, ALY14].^

Falsedad genuina y falsedad verbal en Platón

Fil: Santa Cruz, María Isabel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

El método icono-verbal en el desarrollo de la comunicación oral creativa en los niños de 5 años de edad: experiencia en los centros educativos del nivel inicial en el distrito de San Luis en Lima, Perú

Esta investigación surge como resultado de la búsqueda por motivar en los niños, a través de la educación infantil, su imaginación y creatividad las cuales puedan ser expresadas a través de su comunicación oral y creativa entendiendo que a estas edades no se produce la escritura propiamente dicha. Se propuso el “MIVE” Método Icono Verbal En una primera fase se ha seleccionado como técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de datos la Lista de Cotejo, la misma que ha servido para recoger datos en la muestra seleccionada que fueron 320 niños de 5 años. Se realizó en 32 colegios de Lima Perú, para lo cual se escogió el diseño Experimental con un enfoque cuantitativo y un nivel cuasi experimental. En una segunda fase, los resultados obtenidos en centros educativos infantiles que nos permiten describir las características de la muestra, el nivel de la comunicación, la percepción visual y la asociación de imágenes icónicas para elaborar una temática cuentista. En una tercera fase, se lleva a cabo la interpretación de los resultados sobre la incidencia de todos los factores en relación a la función del nivel de su oralidad creativa que presenta la muestra. Los resultados que se han obtenido al término de la investigación resultan de gran utilidad cuanto que aclaran y plantean que El método Icono Verbal, desarrolla la comunicación oral-creativa, su percepción visual y logran asociar imágenes icónicas para elaborar una estructura de cuento en los niños de 5 años de edad.

An examination of verbal descriptors of cancer-induced bone pain and neuropathic cancer pain

Aims: The aim of the thesis was to identify verbal descriptors of cancer induced bone pain (CIBP) and neuropathic cancer pain (NCP). An examination of the verbal descriptors associated with these two pain syndromes further considered the relationship between common verbal descriptors, cancer type, performance status and analgesia. Methods: The project was conducted in two phases; Phase one was a systematic review of the literature to examine current evidence of verbal descriptors in CIBP and NCP. Phase two utilised secondary data analysis methodology. Data from 120 patients with confirmed CIBP and 61 patients with confirmed NCP were deemed eligible for entry into a de novo database for secondary analysis. Key descriptive data were considered such as gender, ECOG and pain scores to characterise the patient population. Verbal descriptors of CIBP and NCP were considered in detail across the secondary de novo database. Results: Gender was not identified as a diagnostic characteristic of CIBP and NCP with similar distribution across prevalence of pain reporting and also pain severity. Patients with breast (n=52,43.3%), prostate (n=35,29.2%) and lung (n=14,11.7%) cancer were found to be at an increased risk of CIBP. Those with NCP more was found more commonly among patients with breast cancer (n=21,34.4%). Patients with CIBP were found to have an ECOG performance of 1 (n=49, 40.8%) or 2 (n=43, 35.8%) which was lower than those with NCP with an ECOG of 0 (n=32, 52.5%) or 2 (n=18, 29.5%). Comparisons were made across analgesia and treatment options for CIBP and NCP. Patients with CIBP received a greater variety of treatment options including bisphosphonates and radiotherapy while patients with NCP were more commonly treated with analgesia alone. Patients with CIBP and NCP were taking strong opioids, however those with NCP (n=45, 73.8%) were more likely to utilise strong opioids than those with CIBP (n=61, 50.8%). It was noted that those with NCP required a daily morphine equivalence of almost 50% higher than those with CIBP. Average consumption of opioids was 155.6mg, for patients with NCP, compared to 76mg in patients with CIBP. Common verbal descriptors of CIBP and NCP were identified. The most common verbal descriptors for CIBP were aching, gnawing and throbbing and the most common verbal descriptors of NCP were aching, tender and sharp. Of the most common 6 descriptors for CIBP and NCP only one descriptor was unique to each pain type, gnawing for CIBP and stabbing for NCP. Conclusions: Patients with CIBP and NCP use similar verbal descriptors to characterise their pain with gnawing being unique to CIBP and stabbing being unique to NCP in the data considered within project. Further research is required to explore verbal descriptors which are both common and unique to CIBP and NCP. Further exploration of verbal descriptors would assist development of a comprehensive pain assessment tool which would enhance pain assessment for nurses, clinicians and patients.

Aspetos da comunicação não-verbal usados pelo psicomotricista para o sucesso da sua intervenção terapêutica – um estudo de caso

Resumo: A psicomotricidade tem como objeto de estudo o corpo e as suas relações com o exterior. Inserido num determinado contexto ambiental, o corpo é um dos veículos centrais na transmissão de mensagens. O conhecimento do psicomotricista, acerca da utilização e identificação dos aspetos não-verbais, é determinante para melhorar a qualidade da intervenção, especialmente quando estamos perante a psicomotricidade com enfâse na qualidade da relação. Neste trabalho temos como objetivo conhecer a ocorrência não-verbal, toque e sua tipologia, a partir de Watson (1975), operada nos braços de uma criança, com paralisia cerebral (hemiparesia direita), pelo psicomotricista durante a sua intervenção. Esta análise consiste num estudo de caso realizado através da visualização sistemática e sistematizada de um vídeo durante uma sessão, na qual o psicomotricista interage com a criança com fins terapêuticos. A recolha de dados foi feita por vídeo-gravação e transcritos, verbalmente, para o papel e analisados e categorizados, posteriormente. Os resultados obtidos levaram-nos a concluir que o psicomotricista utilizou todos os aspetos não-verbais relacionados com o toque nos braços. A maioria destes toques foi do tipo Instrumental/Afetivo. Emergiram dados os quais se revelaram pertinentes como contributos para a melhoria da qualidade da intervenção, quando conhecidos e utilizados, adaptadamente, pelo psicomotricista.Abstract: The object of psychomotricity is the study of the body and its relationships with the outside world. Within a certain environmental context, the body is one of the central vehicles in the transmission of messages. The psychomotricity therapist's knowledge about the use and identification of non-verbal aspects is the key to improve the efficiency of the intervention, especially when we face psychomotricity with emphasis on the quality of the relationship . The aim of this work is to reckon the non-verbal happening of touch and its typology, according to Watson(1975), operated by the psychomotricist on the arms of a child with cerebral palsy,(right hemiparesis) during his/her intervention. This analysis consists of a case study based on the systematic and systematized viewing of a video made during one session, in which the therapist interacts with the child for therapeutic purposes. The collection of data was made through vídeo recording and verbally set down transcrptions for later analysis and categorization. The results obtained let us conclude that the psychomotricity therapist used all the non-verbal aspects related to arm touching . Most of these touches were of the instrumental/affective kind. Data have emerged that were considered relevant as contributing to improve the quality of the intervention if they are known and aproppriately used by the psychomotricity therapist.

PATHWAY IN MEMORY: RELATIONS BETWEEN THE VERBAL AND VISUAL IN INFOGRAPHIC

The relationship between verbal and visual materiality in printed infographics is provided. The manner the verbal significant updates certain discursive memories may be understood when related to the visual significant is thus investigated. Whereas the object under investigation is an infographic of the magazine Saúde titled The virus that combats viruses; the analysis, which is based on a materialist theoretical stance, triggers the notions of memory and materiality. Content effect reiterates the functioning of the linguistic sign through the language’s literality within the word-thing relationship and it establishes itself within the visual stance while producing faithful effects with the real. When one investigates the manner discursive memory performs the relationship between the verbal and the visual in infographics, one understands that this relationship is established within the context of incompleteness of the above-mentioned types of materiality. It also occurs within the equivocation that verbal materiality may be complemented by the visual or that the image may faithfully represent the real. The formulation of infographics demands-updates-reaffirms a verbal faithfulness with the visual within a content relationship. Verbal interweaving (in explicatory graphics) with images (the visual) produces meaning effects that project language as an instrument, ideal in its transparency, and literally reveals the thing to which it refers.