Desarrollo de un secadero industrial modular portable para productos cárnicos.

Las etapas de estufado y secado en la elaboración de los productos cárnicos de humedad intermedia (0,90 – 0,80 aw) son críticas para alcanzar la auto estabilidad y, en consecuencia, la seguridad de estos alimentos. Poder controlar las variables (temperatura, humedad, velocidad de aire, etc.) de estas operaciones del proceso es determinante para lograr una fermentación y un secado adecuado que permitirán estandarizar el proceso, garantizar la inocuidad y prolongar la vida útil del producto. La construcción de un secadero automatizado que cuente con los últimos adelantos en ingeniería y electrónica resulta dificultoso en las pequeñas y medianas empresas cárnicas, no solo por los altos costos que hay que cubrir, sino además porque las dimensiones de estas pequeñas fábricas no cuentan, en muchos casos, con la escala comercial necesaria para afrontarlos. A través del proyecto se pretende diseñar y construir una unidad de estufado y maduración que sea aplicable al procesamiento de fabricación de embutidos fermentados, que permita su utilización como unidad móvil y que al mismo tiempo pueda emplearse como unidad experimental para complementar otros proyectos de investigación en el área de productos cárnicos. El desarrollo de un secadero modular portable permitirá, además de ofrecer un paquete tecnológico que garantizará la calidad y seguridad de los alimentos producidos, brindar un servicio de alquiler de secaderos para pequeños productores que no disponen del capital suficiente para realizar grandes inversiones o cuya producción es acotada en cantidad o en determinadas épocas del año.

Mission du Service Geographique de l'Armée pour la mesure d'un arc de méridien équatorial en Amérique du Sud sous le contrôle scientifique de l'Académie des Sciences, 1899-1906

T. 10, Fasc. 1

EVALUACIÓN DE FITOREMEDIACIÓN DE SUELOS CONTAMINADOS CON PLOMO POR ACTIVIDAD INDUSTRIAL UTILIZANDO RYE GRASS EN DIVERSOS MEDIOS DE CULTIVO.

El desarrollo de actividades industriales, contribuye cada vez más a la generación de residuos con elementos potencialmente tóxicos que en concentraciones altas (fijadas por ley nacional 24051) pueden tener efectos nocivos a la salud de la población y afectaciones al equilibrio ecológico y el ambiente. Hoy existen estudios tendientes a resolver la contaminación originada por metales pesados en suelos, mediante estrategias basadas en el uso de plantas que tienen la propiedad de acumular metales pesados; proceso denominado “fitoremediación” que consiste en la remoción, transferencia, estabilización y/o degradación y neutralización de compuestos orgánicos, inorgánicos y radioactivos que resultan tóxicos en suelos y agua. Esta novedosa tecnología tiene como objetivo degradar y/o asimilar, los metales pesados, presentes en el suelo, lo cual tiene muchas ventajas con respecto a los métodos convencionales de tratamientos de lugares contaminados; en 1º lugar es una tecnología económica, de bajo costo, en 2º lugar posee un impacto regenerativo en lugares en donde se aplica y en 3º lugar su capacidad extractiva se mantiene debido al crecimiento vegetal (Harvey et al., 2002). La fitoremediación no es un remedio para todos los suelos contaminados y antes que esta tecnología pueda volverse técnicamente eficiente y económicamente viable, hay algunas limitaciones que necesitan ser superadas como por ejemplo la falta de pruebas a escala industrial (Freitas et al., 2004). Para la realización del trabajo se utilizarán las instalaciones de la empresa FACSA S.A ubicada en Avda. De las Quintas y De los Hornos de barrio villa Esquiú de Córdoba, empresa operadora de residuos de plomo autorizada por la Secretaría de Ambiente de la Provincia de Córdoba. Se utilizarán dos hectáreas de terreno de la empresa en la que se acumulará un máximo 1 metro cúbico por cada metro cuadrado de superficie. Previamente al deposito de suelo contaminado, el terreno será impermeabilizado con suelo cemento y cal para evitar lixiviaciones de plomo y luego se cercará para evitar ingreso de personal no autorizado. En las hectáreas preparadas se aplicarán capas sucesivas de suelo contaminado con suelo natural en la mitad del terreno y en la otra mitad capaz sucesivas de suelo contaminado y suelo fertilizado con lombricompuesto, ambos sectores serán sembrados con pasto Rye Grass. Durante el proceso se medirá la concentración de Pb por FRX cada tres meses, en tres profundidades para cada preparados de campo. Las muestras serán compuestas y se corresponderán a un mínimo de 5 puntos para cada profundidad. Lo mismo se realizará para medir la concentración de Pb en el pasto. Las cosechas o cortes de pasto serán trimestrales y el pasto cortado se recogerá, secará e incinerará en el propio horno de FACSA S.A. Se evaluarán las siguientes variables. Salinidad: Se realizará antes y al final del año, tomando muestras compuestas de 100g de suelo c/u a las cuales se le agregarán 100 ml de agua destilada, se deja reposar y luego se toma la lectura con la ayuda de un conductímetro calibrado. Acumulación de Pb en tejido vegetal: Se considerará como variable principal la acumulación de Pb en tejido vegetal, ya que integra tanto el grado de absorción del metal por las plantas, así como el efecto negativo que las concentraciones excesivas del metal sobre la producción de materia seca. Para el estudio de esta variable, se captarán y prepararán muestras trimestrales. Secado y protocolo para el análisis de Pb por FRX. Pb en Suelo:Esta variable se examinará trimestralmente, mediante mezcla compuesta de cada sector tomada como mínimo en cinco puntos. Se tomarán muestras a tres profundidades distintas. Ph en Suelo:Se tomarán partes de las muestras para análsis de ph. El experimento culminará a los dos años con análisis de las 9 tandas de mediciones (La 1º corresponde a la determinación de la línea de base). Se realizará la prospección para determinar el momento de perfecta recuperación del suelo.

Socially integrative customer service (SICS) : identification of a symbiotic link with corporate social responsibility

The aim of this study is to answer the research question "can customer service be revitalised through identification of a symbiotic relationship with social responsibility, linked by people-centricity?" The concept of customer service remains weak and there has been a lack of attention to the underlying purpose: "to serve". To strengthen the theory the humanistic nature of the concept should be revised. Fundamental to this argument is the question of who is a customer? To fully discover the scope of the concept requires a broader or more specifically a societal view. Herein the theme of social corporate responsibility is critical to the recognition of the customer service network (CSN). This suggestion in isolation is useful but structural. Another aspect must be identified to validate the "service" ethos. Through this reasoning the relational theme (RT) provides for a mechanism for this to be achieved. Therefore the theory of socially integrative customer service is based on broadening and deepening the customer service concept. This study is illustrated in the context of the grocery retail sector in the Republic of Ireland. Four case studies are presented, three based on company-wide and in-store research and a fourth is a cross-company study. Results across companies indicate acceptance of the research question and show evidence to validate SICS. There is scope to further develop SICS and to build on the CSN and the RT. Finally the concept of SICS provides for a diverse basis for further research. This theory does no purport to cause a paradigm shift but does add innovation to the body of knowledge. As is the hallmark of good theoretical development, the author has aimed to keep the philosophy simple.

Motivating techniques within Irish and American manufacturing and service companies in the Northwest of Ireland

In today’s world, many companies are concentrating on both their technology and human resources to provide them with their competitive advantage. Hence, understanding what motivates people is particularly important for managers in order to develop and sustain a competitive edge. As a result, numerous theories have been advanced to help our understanding of the subject matter and from these theories many motivational methods have evolved to enhance motivation within the workplace. In addition, research has been conducted on the various types of motivational techniques utilised by companies within Ireland. However, very little research has been completed within specific geographical regions in Ireland concerning the types of motivational techniques implemented at different job levels and their impact on employees work performance. Thus the objective of this research was to identify the motivational techniques utilised at different job levels within large manufacturing and service companies in the Northwest of Ireland and examine how these techniques influence the performance levels of employees. Furthermore, the study examined if these companies have changed from traditional ways of motivating employees to newer techniques. The research methodologies used to undertake the research included interviews with the HR managers and questionnaires completed by different employees at various job levels within the participating companies. Overall the conclusions were varied. Many different types of motivation techniques were found within the study’s participating companies. Irish companies are improving their motivational techniques, however most of these techniques are only used within higher job levels. In contrast to their American counterparts, a variety of motivational techniques are utilised and implemented at all job levels. On a more positive note, the majority of these motivational techniques do increase performance levels at all job levels. From the extensive primary and secondary research conducted, the thesis concludes by offering a number of recommendations to assist companies in further development of their motivational techniques for all job levels. These recommendations hope to augment the success of companies through an enhanced motivated workforce.

Quality management for education (second level schools)

Quality Management is a well-developed and widely used approach within industry to gain competitive edge and increased market share. It is a new management approach for schools who are now applying it without having the culture or experience of its evolution. Industrially based Quality management systems and excellence models have been developed. These excellence models and frameworks are based on the principles and concepts of TQM which are recognised as essential elements of high performing organisations. Schools are complex social institutions that provide a service. Like any other service industry, the customers of education are expecting and demanding a better service or else they will go elsewhere. Schools are beginning to reform and change to adapt to such demands. This has been reflected in Ireland in the Education Act, 1998. It is now the right time to develop a quality management system specifically for schools. The existing industrial excellence models have been modified for use in the private and public sector and some have been specifically tailored for education. The problem with such models is that they are still too sophisticated and the language still too industrial for schools. This Thesis develops and Excellence Model for Second Level Schools and provides guidance and school specific tools for its implementation.

An investigation into system security requirements and implementation in an Application Service Provider (ASP) environment

Although the ASP model has been around for over a decade, it has not achieved the expected high level of market uptake. This research project examines the past and present state of ASP adoption and identifies security as a primary factor influencing the uptake of the model. The early chapters of this document examine the ASP model and ASP security in particular. Specifically, the literature and technology review chapter analyses ASP literature, security technologies and best practices with respect to system security in general. Based on this investigation, a prototype to illustrate the range and types of technologies that encompass a security framework was developed and is described in detail. The latter chapters of this document evaluate the practical implementation of system security in an ASP environment. Finally, this document outlines the research outputs, including the conclusions drawn and recommendations with respect to system security in an ASP environment. The primary research output is the recommendation that by following best practices with respect to security, an ASP application can provide the same level of security one would expect from any other n-tier client-server application. In addition, a security evaluation matrix, which could be used to evaluate not only the security of ASP applications but the security of any n-tier application, was developed by the author. This thesis shows that perceptions with regard to fears of inadequate security of ASP solutions and solution data are misguided. Finally, based on the research conducted, the author recommends that ASP solutions should be developed and deployed on tried, tested and trusted infrastructure. Existing Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) should be used where possible and security best practices should be adhered to where feasible.

Adaptive Regelung von Robotersystemen in Kontaktaufgaben

Contact Tasks of Robotic Systems, Mobile Legged Robots, Industrial Manipulators, Service Operations, Robot's Locomotion, Adaptive Control, Impedance/Force Control

Framework for a service-oriented measurement infrastructure

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Informatik, Diss., 2009

On the stepwise and disciplined engineering of adaptive service-oriented applications

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Informatik, Habil.-Schr., 2010

Nutrição mineral de hortaliças: XXXII. marcha de absorção dos nutrientes pelo tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill,) destinado ao processamento industrial

Reveste-se de grande importância o conhecimento da marcha de absorção de nutrientes pelas culturas, principalmente visando uma aplicação racional dos fertilizantes. Utilizou-se no presente experimento a cultivar Roma VF, de porte determinado, que tem tido grande aceitação tanto pelos tomaticultores como pelas industrias processadoras. As amostras para analise foram coletadas no período junho a outubro de 1977, em uma área experimental instalada num solo representativo da região oeste do Estado de São Paulo (Latossol Vermelho Amarelo), no município de Narandiba (DIRA de Presidente Prudente)· A cultura recebeu uma adubação de 85--300-100 kg/ha de NPK, sendo 1/3 do N aplicado juntamente com todo o P e K no plantio e os 2/3 restantes aplicados em cobertura aos 30 e 35 dias após a germinação. A área foi de 1,25 x 0,30 m (26,666 covas/ha), com culturais foram os normalmente recomendados para a cultura na região. As amostras (4 repetições) foram coletadas aos 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 e 105 dias após a germinação. As plantas foram separadas em folhas cotiledonares, folhas, caule e frutos. Determinou-se o peso de matéria seca e analisou-se para N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mo e Zn. Os resultados analíticos obtidos revelaram um crescimento lento ate aos 30 dias, após o que houve um crescimento acelerado, com o peso da materia seca praticamente dobrando a cada quinzena no período dos 45 aos 75 dias, atingindo o máximo aos 105 dias (5.706,61 kg/ha). Quanto ao crescimento dos frutos, expresso em peso de materia seca, houve um aumento de cerca de 20 vezes no intervalo dos 45 aos 75 dias, praticamente duplicando o peso no período dos 75 aos 90 dias e estabilizando-se aos 105 dias (2.708,6 kg/ha). Na época de floração, as folhas apresentavam, em função da materia seca, 3,7% N; 0,50% P; 4,44% K; 3,24% Ca; 0,99% Mg; 0,46% S; 72 ppm B; 15 ppm Cu; 434 ppm Fe; 375 ppm Mn; 0,18 ppm Mo; 148 ppm Zn. A produção efetiva de 65 ton/ha obtida na área experimental, contem as seguintes quantidades de nutrientes nos frutos: 67,8 g N; 8,9 g P; 112,2g K; 7,7 g Ca; 6,0 g Mg; 3,1 g S; 93 g B; 45 g Cu; 547 g Fe; 163 g Mn; 485 mg Mo.

Estudo sobre perdas no processamento industrial do tomate

Neste trabalho foram propostas fórmulas para se calcular o rendimento esperado, em polpa concentrada, em industrias de processamento de tomate, comparando-o com o rendimento realmente obtido, e visando controlar o desempenho da indústria. Para testar estas fórmulas foi feito um estudo comparativo entre o rendimento esperado calculado e o rendimento real, tomando por base os assentamentos de uma indústria, de porte médio, de processamento de tomates, do Estado de São Paulo, nos anos agrícolas de 1981 e 1982. Concomitantemente foi feita uma análise das perdas, na forma de descartes, na esteira de seleção e de sementes e pele, nas despolpadeiras e também uma verificação do Brix médio ponderado, nas duas safras. Os resultados mostraram que as fórmulas são adequadas para o cálculo do rendimento esperado pois as diferenças, com o rendimento real, obtido foram de -1,49% e +1,74% em 1982. As perdas de tomate (descartes) foram consideradas elevadas em comparação com as de outros países o que significa tomate de baixa qualidade. O Brix médio ponderado mensal que alcançou até 5,62 foi significativamente maior que o de anos anteriores.

Fishery bulletin / U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service.

v.81 (1983)