Riskiarviointi osana yrityksen kilpailukyky��

Turvallisuus voidaan n��hd�� osana yrityksen kilpailukyky��. Ty��ntekij��iden hyvinvointi edist���� ty��n tekemisen tehokkuutta. Avainasemsaa on ennakoiva turvallisuuden edist��minen. Riskien hallinta on osa yrityksen kokonaisturvallisuutta ja konkreettinen ty��kalu nykytilan m����ritt��miseen, ongelmien havaitsemiseen ja hallittavuuden lis����miseen.

����rik��ytt��ytyminen : miten kohdataan, miten johdetaan?

����rik��ytt��ytyminen ��� miten kohdataan, miten johdetaan? -seminaari j��rjestettiin Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulussa 11.10.2013. Arvoseminaarien sarja on saanut alkunsa vuonna 2002 ja ensimm��inen Nuoret, arvot ja maanpuolustus -hankkeen arvoseminaari toteutettiin vuonna 2009. T��ll�� kertaa seminaari pureutui ����rik��ytt��ytymisen kohtaamiseen ja johtamiseseen. Seminaarissa tarkasteltiin kriisin kohtaamista ja sietoa muun muassa Hyvink����n ja Kauhajoen ampumatapausten sek�� kansainv��lisen kriisinhallinnan kokemusten pohjalta. T��h��n julkaisuun on koottu seminaarin esityksien pohjalta kirjoitetut artikkelit ja esitell����n seminaaria varten tehty tutkimus ihmisten kokemuksista ����rik��ytt��ytymiseksi luokiteltavista tapahtumia kohtaan. Lis��ksi mukana on seminaarissa mukana olleen rehtori Mikko Lepp��sen kirjoittama kommenttiartikkeli koulujen turvallisuudesta ja Viherkallion koulun turvallisuusajattelun kehityksest��. Seminaarin suunnittelussa ja organisoinnissa toteutui viranomaisten, tutkimuslaitosten, tiedemaailman sek�� kansalais- ja maanpuolustusj��rjest��jen hyv�� yhteisty�� t��rke��n asian esille tuomiseksi. Arvoseminaarin j��rjestelytoimikunnassa ty��skenteliv��t T��ll�� kertaa professori Aki-Mauri Huhtinen, eversti Mika Kalliomaa, sotilaspastori Janne Aalto, suunnittelija Kaisa-Maria Peltokorpi, tiedottaja Mari Ukkonen ja tutkimussihteeri Tuula Soisalo Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulusta sek�� koulutusp����llikk�� Eero Koljonen Poliisiammattikorkeakoulusta, Kadettikunnan p����sihteeri, eversti evp. Juha Tammikivi, Suomen Reserviupseeriliiton toiminnanjohtaja Janne Kosonen ja YTM Risto Sinkko. T��m�� artikkelikokoelma julkaistaan Arvoseminaarissa, joka j��rjestet����n 10.10.2014 Poliisiammattikorkeakoulun tiloissa Tampereella teemalla ���Toimintakyky turvallisuuden johtamisessa���. Seminaarissa k��sitell����n toimintakyky�� ja sen merkityst�� onnistuneelle johtamiselle turvallisuustoimijoiden vaativissa ty��teht��viss�� ja vaarallisissa tilanteissa. Lis��ksi tilaisuudessa esitell����n kyselytutkimuksen tuloksia kansalaisten mielipiteist�� erilaisissa turvallisuustilanteissa. Tutkimuksen toteuttaa TNS-Gallup Oy yhdess�� seminaarin j��rjest��vien tahojen kanssa.

Guilt, shame, emotion regulation, and social cognition: Understanding their associations with preadolescents' social behavior

In this thesis, two negatively valenced emotions are approached as reflecting children���s self-consciousness, namely guilt and shame. Despite the notable role of emotions in the psychological research, empirical research findings on the links between guilt, shame, and children���s social behavior ��� and particularly aggression ��� have been modest, inconsistent, and sometimes contradictory. This thesis contains four studies on the associations of guilt, shame, emotion regulation, and social cognitions with children���s social behavior. The longitudinal material of the thesis was collected as a survey among a relatively large amount of Finnish preadolescents. In Study I, the distinctiveness of guilt and shame in children���s social behavior were investigated. The more specific links of emotions and aggressive behavior were explored in Study II, in which emotion regulation and negative emotionality were treated as the moderators between guilt, shame, and children���s aggressive behavior. The role of emotion management was further evaluated in Study III, in which effortful control and anger were treated as the moderators between domain-specific aggressive cognitions and children���s aggressive behavior. In the light of the results from the Studies II and III, it seems that for children with poor emotion management the effects of emotions and social cognitions on aggressive behavior are straight-forward, whereas effective emotion management allows for reframing the situation. Finally, in Study IV, context effects on children���s anticipated emotions were evaluated, such that children were presented a series of hypothetical vignettes, in which the child was acting as the aggressor. Furthermore, the identity of the witnesses and victim���s reactions were systematically manipulated. Children anticipated the most shame in situations, in which all of the class was witnessing the aggressive act, whereas both guilt and shame were anticipated the most in the situations, in which the victim was reacting with sadness. Girls and low-aggressive children were more sensitive to contextual cues than boys and high-aggressive children. Overall, the results of this thesis suggest that the influences of guilt, shame, and social cognition on preadolescents��� aggressive behavior depend significantly on the nature of individual emotion regulation, as well as situational contexts. Both theoretical and practical implications of this study highlight a need to acknowledge effective emotion management as enabling the justification of one���s own immoral behavior.

Aineettoman p����oman riskienhallinta osana yrityksen strategista ohjausta

Aineetonta p����omaa pidet����n yhten�� keskeisist�� talouskasvun l��hteist��, mutta koska siihen kohdistuvien investointien onnistumista on vaikea mitata, on sen huomio j����nyt toistaiseksi melko v��h��iseksi niin laskentatoimen tutkimuksessa kuin yritysmaailmassakin. Aineettoman p����oman merkitys yrityksen menestyksen kannalta kasvaa yh�� suuremmaksi talouden kehityksen my��t�� ja t��m��n kehityksen mukana kasvavat my��s yritysten aineettomaan p����omaan, kuten osaamiseen, j��rjestelmiin ja sidosryhm��suhteisiin, kohdistuvat riskit. T��m��n tutkielman tavoitteena on selvitt����, mill�� tavoin aineettoman p����oman riskit ja niiden hallinta vaikuttavat yrityksen strategiseen ohjaukseen. Tarkoituksena on siis tutkia, mink��laisia vaikutuksia aineettoman p����oman riskienhallinnalla on yrityksen strategiseen ohjaukseen ja miten strategisen ohjauksen eri osa-alueita voidaan hy��dynt���� aineettoman p����oman riskienhallinnassa. Tutkielman teoreettisessa osuudessa k��sitell����n aineetonta p����omaa ja sen riskienhallintaa sek�� yrityksen strategista ohjausta, jonka k��sittelyss�� hy��dynnet����n Simonsin levers of control-viitekehyst��. Teoreettinen osio nojautuu t��ysin aiempiin aihepiirien tutkimuksiin. Tutkielman empiirisess�� osiossa selvitet����n aineettoman p����oman ja yrityksen strategisen ohjauksen v��list�� vaikutussuhdetta case-tutkimusmenetelm��n avulla. Case-yrityksiksi on valittu teoreettisella valintamenetelm��ll�� kaksi eri toimialojen asiantuntijapalveluita tarjoavaa yrityst�� ja aineisto on ker��tty teemahaastattelujen avulla. Aineettoman p����oman riskienhallinnan vaikutusta yrityksen strategiseen ohjaukseen on havainnollistettu analysoimalla haastattelujen tuloksia ja vertailemalla case-yrityksi�� kesken����n. Tulosten selkeytt��miseksi on tutkielmassa esitetty k��yt��nn��n esimerkkej�� n��ist�� vaikutuksista case-yritysten avulla. Tutkielmassa p����dyttiin johtop����t��kseen, ett�� aineettoman p����oman riskienhallinnalla on havaittavissa selkeit�� vaikutuksia yrityksen strategiseen ohjauksen levers of control-viitekehyksen jokaiseen osa-alueeseen. Niihin vaikuttavat niin inhimillisen p����oman riskit kuin rakenne- ja suhdep����oman riskitkin. Aineettoman p����oman riskit ovat usein luonteeltaan sen kaltaisia, ett�� niiden tehokkaat hallintamenetelm��t ovat juuri strategisen tason toimenpiteit��. T��m��n vuoksi strateginen ohjaus on t��rke��ss�� roolissa aineettoman p����oman riskienhallinnassa. Inhimillisen p����oman ja suhdep����oman riskej�� voidaan esimerkiksi hallita strategisen ohjauksen avulla painottamalla yrityksen arvoissa esimerkiksi osaamista tai asiakassuhteita, valitsemalla sen mukaisia suoritusmittareita sek�� tuomalla n��it�� arvoja ja mittareita esille viestinn��ss��. Rakennep����oman riskej�� puolestaan voidaan hallita esimerkiksi rajoitej��rjestelmien avulla asettamalla toimintamalleille rajoja.

Johdon laskentatoimen ohjaus- ja hallintaj��rjestelmien hy��dynt��minen yritysverkostoissa

Tutkimuksen aiheena on johdon laskentatoimen ohjaus- ja hallintaj��rjestelmien hy��dynt��minen yritysverkostoissa. Yritysten v��listen suhteiden hallinnassa k��ytett��v��t menetelm��t koostuvat p����asiassa johdon laskentatoimen ja suorituskyvyn mittaamisen menetelmist��. Verkostojen ohjaus ja hallinta on t��rke����, koska se on verkostojen tehokkaan toiminnan kriittinen menestystekij�� ja kilpailuedun l��hde. Suorituskyvyn mittaamisella, johdon laskentatoimella ja johdon kontrolliteht��v��ll�� on kesken����n riippuvuussuhteet, joiden pit��isi toimia sopusoinnussa. Suorituskyvyn mittaamisen ja johdon laskentatoimen tutkimus yritysten verkostoymp��rist��iss�� on kohtalaisen tuore ilmi��, jonka vuoksi aihealueen tutkimus on viel�� varsin pirstaleista ja hajanaista. T��m��n vuoksi tutkimuksen tavoite on muodostaa selke�� kokonaiskuva siit�� kuinka johdon laskentatoimen ohjaus- ja hallintaj��rjestelmi�� voidaan hy��dynt���� yritysverkostojen ohjauksessa ja hallinnassa. Tutkimuksessa my��s selvitet����n mit�� haasteita n��iden menetelmien hy��dynt��miseen yritysverkostoissa sis��ltyy. Tutkimusaineistona on k��ytetty aikaisempia tutkimuksia sek�� tutkimusta varten tehtyj�� haastatteluita. Tutkimukseen haastateltiin nelj��st�� yritysverkostosta henkil��it��, jotka vastasivat verkoston toiminnasta. Haastatteluiden avulla pyrit����n t��ydent��m����n kirjallisuuskatsauksen pohjalta luotua teoriaa ja selvitt��m����n kuinka verkoston ohjaus- ja hallinta hoidetaan haastateltavissa verkostoissa, mill�� menetelmin ja mit�� haasteita siihen liittyy. Verkostotoimintaan soveltuvien menetelmien ja suorituskykymittareiden kehitt��minen on hankalaa, koska jokaisen verkoston tarpeet ja haasteet ovat erilaiset. Uusien menetelmien kehitt��miselle ei n��hd�� tarvetta, vaan kyse on olemassa olevien menetelmien soveltamisesta verkoston��k��kulmasta. Menetelm��t on rakennettu yksitt��isen yrityksen mittaamiseen, joten ne eiv��t sovellu sellaisenaan k��ytett��v��ksi verkostoihin, vaan niit�� t��ytyy kehitt���� verkoston yksil��llisten tarpeiden mukaan. T��m�� vaatii kuitenkin verkostolta osaamista ja halua kehitty��. Verkostojen haasteet liittyv��t sek�� yritystasolle ett�� verkostotasolle. Yritysten tuottaman informaation, laskentaj��rjestelmien, tietotaidon, resurssien ja kehityshalun tulee olla hyv��ll�� tasolla, jotta koko verkoston mittaaminen onnistuu luotettavasti. Lis��ksi verkostotoiminta pit���� sis��ll����n laskentateknisi��, menetelmiin ja informaation vaihtamiseen liittyvi�� haasteita. Verkostoymp��rist��n laskentatoimen tutkimuksessa ei ole yhten��ist��, laajasti hyv��ksytty�� teoriaa, koska tutkimussuuntaukset ja ���tulokset ovat moniulotteisia ja vaihtelevia.

The requirements and needs of global data usage in product lifecycle management

This study was done for ABB Ltd. Motors and Generators business unit in Helsinki. In this study, global data movement in large businesses is examined from a product data management (PDM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) point-of-view. The purpose of this study was to understand and map out how a large global business handles its data in a multiple site structure and how it can be applied in practice. This was done by doing an empirical interview study on five different global businesses with design locations in multiple countries. Their master data management (MDM) solutions were inspected and analyzed to understand which solution would best benefit a large global architecture with many design locations. One working solution is a transactional hub which negates the effects of multisite transfers and reduces lead times. Also, the requirements and limitations of the current MDM architecture were analyzed and possible reform ideas given. ���

Johtajan vuorovaikutusosaaminen suomalais-ven��l��isess�� esimies-alaissuhteessa

The participants in the dynamic Finnish working environment are expected to display communication skills, which is emphasized when different cultures meet. The objective of this thesis was to study the required interpersonal communication competence of leaders in a Finnish-Russian superior-subordinate relationship. The leadership was approached from a communicational perspective where leadership emerges in a dyadic relationship between leader and subordinate. The research was conducted as a qualitative case study. The data was gathered from interviews in the target organization. Four superiors and five of their subordinates were interviewed. The qualitative data gathered from the interviews was analyzed by theory-driven content analysis. The representative data was organized and coded in order to establish the main categories, which form a basis of the conclusions of the thesis. Interpersonal communication competence has a significant role alongside substance in leadership. The superiors in the workplace perceive communication as contextual. The findings indicate that there are certain tensions in the relationship between the superiors and their subordinates. The tensions are described as distance, collectiveness and emotions, and verbal expression and understanding. Leadership communication competence is about finding a balance between the tensions based on cultural differences. From the interpersonal communication research tradition point of view, the efficient and appropriate communication competence in this context consists of the knowledge of tensions and challenges, as well as the ability to manage cultural tensions and the motivation to react positively to cultural differences.

Oppivan organisaation edellytysten selvitt��minen Mikkelin puhelin Oyj:ss��

Yritysten kilpailukyky ei perustu nykyp��iv��n pelk��st����n aineellisiin resursseihin. Yritysten on pyritt��v�� luomaan kyvykkyyksi��, joilla yritys pystyy sopeutumaan nopeasti muuttuviin olosuhteisiin toimintaymp��rist��ss����n. Aineettoman p����oman, kuten rakenne-, suhde- ja ihmisp����oman kehitt��minen mahdollistaa edell�� mainittujen kyvykkyyksien luomisen ja hallitsemisen organisaatiossa. P����oman kehitt��minen sek�� hallinta vaativat organisaatiolta kulttuurisia ominaisuuksia, jotka mahdollistavat jatkuvan oppimisen ja toiminnan parantamisen. T��ss�� ty��ss�� on pyritty selvitt��m����n, mit�� n��m�� oppivan organisaation edellytykset ovat ja miten niiden nykytilaa voidaan mitata. Ty��n teoreettisen viitekehyksen avulla muodostettiin teemoittain kysymyksi��, joilla organisaation tilaa suhteessa oppivan organisaation tavoitteisiin pystyt����n tuomaan l��pin��kyv��ksi. Kyselyn tuloksista huomattiin, ett�� t��ll�� mittaristolla saatiin esiin monia oppivan organisaation toimintaan vaikuttavia elementtej�� ja niiden vaatimia kehityskohteita.

Oxidized LDL lipids as a risk factor for atherosclerosis

University of Turku, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Paavo Nurmi Centre, Doctoral Programme of Clinical Investigation, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Annales Universitatis Turkuensis. Medica ��� Odontologica, Turku, Finland, 2014. Background: Atherosclerosis progression spans an entire lifetime and has a wide pool of risk factors. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is a crucial element in the progression of atherosclerosis. As a rather new member in the atherosclerosis risk factor family, its interaction with the traditional pro-atherogenic contributors that occur at different ages is poorly known. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate oxLDL and its relation to major contributing risk factors in estimating atherosclerosis risk in data consisting mostly of adult men. The study subjects of this study consisted of four different sets of data, one of which contained also women. The age range of participants was 18-100 years and totaled 2337 participants (of whom 69% were men). Data on anthropometric and hormonal parameters, laboratory measures and medical records were assessed during 1998-2009. Results: Obesity was paralleled with high concentrations of oxLDL, which consequentially was reduced by weight reduction. Importantly, successful weight maintenance preserveed this benefit. A shift from insulin sensitivity to insulin resistance increased oxLDL. Smokers had more oxLDL than non-smokers. A combination of obesity and smoking, or smoking and low serum total testosterone,resulted in even higher levels of oxLDL than any of the three conditions alone. Proportioning oxLDL to HDL-c or apoA1 stood out as a risk factor of all-cause mortality in the elderly. Conclusions: OxLDL was associated with aging, androgens, smoking, obesity, insulin metabolism, weight balance and other circulating lipid classes. Through this variety of metabolic environments containing both constant conditions (aging and gender) as well as lifestyle issues, these findings supported an essential and multidimensional role that oxLDL plays in atherosclerosis pathogenesis.

Distribution network design and optimization

The objective of this thesis is to examine distribution network designs and modeling practices and create a framework to identify best possible distribution network structure for the case company. The main research question therefore is: How to optimize case company���s distribution network in terms of customer needs and costs? Theory chapters introduce the basic building blocks of the distribution network design and needed calculation methods and models. Framework for the distribution network projects was created based on the theory and the case study was carried out by following the defined framework. Distribution network calculations were based on the company���s sales plan for the years 2014 - 2020. Main conclusions and recommendations were that the new Asian business strategy requires high investments in logistics and the first step is to open new satellite DC in China as soon as possible to support sales and second possible step is to open regional DC in Asia within 2 - 4 years.

Reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions in lime kiln

Different nitrogen oxide removal technologies for rotary lime kiln are studied in this thesis, the main focus being in commercial technologies. Post-combustion methods are investigated in more detail as potential possible NOx removal with combustion methods in rotary lime kiln is more limited or primary methods are already in use. However, secondary methods as NOx scrubber, SNCR or SCR technologies are not listed as the Best Available Technologies defined by European Union. BAT technologies for NOx removal in lime kiln are (1) Optimised combustion and combustion control, (2) Good mixing of fuel and air, (3) Low-NOx burner and (4) Fuel selection/low-N fuel. SNCR method is the most suitable technique for NOx removal in lime kiln when NOx removal from 50 % to 70 % is required in case primary methods are already in use or cannot be applied. In higher removal cases ammonia slip is an issue in SNCR. By using SCR better NOx reduction can be achieved but issues with catalyst materials are expected to arise because of the dust and sulphur dioxide which leads to catalyst poison formation in lower flue gas temperatures. NOx scrubbing has potential when simultaneous NOx and SO2 removal is required. The challenge is that NO cannot be scrubbed directly, but once it is oxidized to NO2 or further scrubbing can be performed as the solubility of NO2 is higher. Commercial installations have not been made regarding SNCR, SCR or NOx scrubbing regarding rotary lime kiln. For SNCR and SCR the closest references come from cement industry.

Sis��isen logistiikan prosessien ja materiaalivirtojen tehostaminen

Ty��n tavoitteena on l��yt���� kohdeyrityksen sis��isen logistiikan prosessien ja materiaalivirtojen tehostamiskohteita. Sis��isen logistiikan ja materiaalienohjauksen toimivuutta halutaan tutkittavan l��ht��tiedoksi prosessien ja materiaalivirtojen parantamiselle. Materiaalivirtojen tutkimisella saadaan selville tutkimuksen aikana suoritettavan kehitysprojektin aiheuttamat muutokset. Tutkimuksen aikana kehitet����n kustannusty��kalu, jolla voidaan m����ritt���� materiaaliensiirroista aiheutuvia kustannuksia. Tutkimus suoritettiin k��ytt��en sek�� kvantitatiivisia ett�� kvalitatiivisia tutkimusmenetelmi��. Haastattelut ja keskustelut antoivat l��ht��tiedot materiaalivirtojen tutkimiselle, jonka vuoksi ne tukevat toinen toisiaan. Taustatiedoksi syvennyt����n kirjallisuudessa ilmenneisiin ohjeisiin prosessien ja materiaalivirtojen analysoimisesta, mittareista sek�� kehitett��v��n kustannusty��kalun kannalta toimintolaskennan menetelmist��. Tutkimuksen tuloksena pystyttiin havaitsemaan prosessien toimintoihin liityvi�� haasteita sek�� turhia materiaalivirtoja. Materiaalivirta-analyysill�� pystyttiin arvioimaan materiaalivirtojen merkityst�� sek�� kehitysprojektin aiheuttamien muutoksien luomia vaatimuksia. Lis��ksi materiaalivirta-analyysin pohjalta pystyttiin muodostamaan skenaarioita materiaalivirtojen tehostamiseksi.

Marketing of fire suppression systems: customer value and institutional aspects

The paper studied marketing of automatic fire suppression systems from the perspectives of customer value and institutions. The object of the study was research the special features of the sales and marketing of fire suppression systems, and find some practical applications for sales, and for lobbying of a new fire suppression technology. The theoretical background of the study was in the customer value literature and the theoretical concept of institutional entrepreneurship. The research was conducted as an electronic survey for three different groups of respondents; end customers, solution integrators, and re-sellers. From the answers was gathered generalisations about the customer value assessment and communication of the value related to the sales and marketing processes of the fire suppression systems. In addition, there was observed manners to receive information about the systems, and effects caused by institutions to the decision making of the different parties involved. The findings of the study support companies that are launching a new safety technology to the market focus their marketing, and help to understand institutional forces that are affecting to a safety related product.

Evaluating land-use related environmental impacts of biomass value chains for decision-support : Comparison and testing of methodologies proposed for environmental life cycle assessment

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the most established quantitative tools for environmental impact assessment of products. To be able to provide support to environmentally-aware decision makers on environmental impacts of biomass value-chains, the scope of LCA methodology needs to be augmented to cover landuse related environmental impacts. This dissertation focuses on analysing and discussing potential impact assessment methods, conceptual models and environmental indicators that have been proposed to be implemented into the LCA framework for impacts of land use. The applicability of proposed indicators and impact assessment frameworks is tested from practitioners' perspective, especially focusing on forest biomass value chains. The impacts of land use on biodiversity, resource depletion, climate change and other ecosystem services is analysed and discussed and the interplay in between value choices in LCA modelling and the decision-making situations to be supported is critically discussed. It was found out that land use impact indicators are necessary in LCA in highlighting differences in impacts from distinct land use classes. However, many open questions remain on certainty of highlighting actual impacts of land use, especially regarding impacts of managed forest land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services such as water regulation and purification. The climate impact of energy use of boreal stemwood was found to be higher in the short term and lower in the long-term in comparison with fossil fuels that emit identical amount of CO2 in combustion, due to changes implied to forest C stocks. The climate impacts of energy use of boreal stemwood were found to be higher than the previous estimates suggest on forest residues and stumps. The product lifetime was found to have much higher influence on the climate impacts of woodbased value chains than the origin of stemwood either from thinnings or final fellings. Climate neutrality seems to be likely only in the case when almost all the carbon of harvested wood is stored in long-lived wooden products. In the current form, the land use impacts cannot be modelled with a high degree of certainty nor communicated with adequate level of clarity to decision makers. The academia needs to keep on improving the modelling framework, and more importantly, clearly communicate to decision-makers the limited certainty on whether land-use intensive activities can help in meeting the strict mitigation targets we are globally facing.

Transition management in action within the context of nutrient economy

T��m�� ty�� tutkii ja tarkastelee transitio-kokeilua ravinnetaloudessa. Transitio-kokeilu on toimintatutkimusprojekti, joka toteutetaan systeemisen muutoksen ajattelun mukaisesti alhaalta yl��sp��in. Ravinnetalous m����ritet����n tarkemmin ty��n kautta sek�� analysoidaan monitaso-perspektiivin n��k��kulmasta. Ravinnetalous on termin�� varsin tuntematon ja tarvitsee enemm��n tunnettavuutta laajemman yleis��n edess��. Transitio-areenan ja transitio-visioiden kehitt��minen ovat ty��n keskipisteess��, koska ne ovat t��rkeimpi�� vaiheita transition alkuvaiheessa. Joukko sidosryhm��toimijoita osallistuu transitio areenaan sek�� visioiden jatkokehittelyyn. Visio(t) luodaan ensisijaisesti backcasting-menetelm��ll��, jota my��s t��ydennet����n tavanomaisella ennustamisella. Backcasting- menetelm�� on osin osallistava ja siin�� k��ytet����n ravinteiden planeettarajoja kvantitatiivisina p����periaatteina, mink�� tuloksena my��s visiot ovat osin kvantitatiivisia. Transitio areenan kokoaminen ja fasilitointi aiheuttavat hankalia kysymyksi��, jotka tarvitsevat jatko-tutkimusta. Alhaalta-yl��sp��in organisoitu transitio-arena houkuttelee niche-toimijoita, mutta ep��onnistuu sitouttamaan julkisen vallan toimijoita. Toimintamallin voimasuhteet, politiikka ja transition vakiinnuttaminen tulisivat olla jatko-toimenpitein�� niin tutkimuksessa kuin toiminnassakin.