Predictors of Successful Weight Control: Cross-Cultural Moderators of Treatment Outcomes

Given the heterogeneity of effect sizes within the population for any treatment, identifying moderators of outcomes is critical [1]. In weight management programs, there is a high individual variability in terms of weight loss and an overall modest success [2]. Some people will adopt and sustain attitudes and behaviors associated with weight loss, while others won’t [3]. To predict weight loss outcome just from the subject’s baseline information would be very valuable [4,5]. It would allow to: - Better match between treatments and individuals - Identify the participants with less probability of success (or potential dropouts) in a given treatment and direct them to alternative therapies - Target limited resources to those most likely to succeed - Increase cost-effectiveness and improve success rates of the programs Few studies have been dedicated to describe baseline predictors of treatment success. The Healthy Weight for Life (USA) study is one of the few. Its findings are now being cross-validated in Portuguese samples. This paper describes these cross-cultural comparisons.

A “Escola a Tempo Inteiro” – monopolização de um serviço público de educação pela escola pública e formas de privatização

O “modelo” de operacionalização da política de “Escola a Tempo Inteiro” (ETI) preconiza uma nova tendência para uma perspectiva escolocêntrica que se traduz na monopolização da prestação de serviços educativos pela escola pública, entrando, assim, em rutura com outros “modelos” e práticas inspiradas no não escolar. Uma tendência que concorre para o resgate duma perspectiva globalizada da ação educativa sob a responsabilidade do Estado (através da escola pública) que delega a prestação daqueles serviços públicos no Estado Local, preterindo (ou relegando para segundo plano) outras agências locais de caráter privado. Daqui decorrem dois fenómenos a ter em consideração: por um lado, a concentração da educação na escola pública, tornando-a “transbordante”; por outro lado, o “esvaziamento” de outras organizações locais, pela alteração das lógicas do princípio da subsidariedade, pela inibição da “liberdade de escolha” pelas famílias e pela oposição a formas de privatização da educação. A esta lógica recentralizadora parece estar subjacente a ideia de necessidade de vinculação e de reintegração das ofertas educativas no quadro organizativo e curricular da escola pública, com vista à concretização de um projecto educativo nacional mediado pelas autarquias capaz de promover uma efetiva igualdade de oportunidades.

Relatório de estágio no âmbito da coordenação e fiscalização de obras na empresa Tecnoplano

O trabalho desenvolvido é composto por dois módulos distintos. O primeiro módulo corresponde ao estudo e registo detalhado de patologias detectadas na fachada de um edifício, com vista à elaboração de um projecto que permita a reabilitação da fachada. O segundo módulo surge num âmbito mais prático, nomeadamente na Coordenação, Gestão, Fiscalização e Controlo da Qualidade em Obra. No primeiro módulo estudaram-se as patologias existentes nas placas de pedra lioz da fachada ventilada de um Hotel na Avenida da Liberdade em Lisboa. As placas de pedra do Hotel encontravam-se danificadas e frágeis, verificando-se inclusive a queda de algumas delas. Assim, e dado o estado de degradação das mesmas bem como das suas fixações, foi solicitado um estudo com o intuito de aferir quais as condições reais da fachada e o seu grau de degradação e de perigosidade. Com os resultados do referido estudo, pretendia-se saber qual a percentagem de placas de pedra que estaria em condições de ser recuperada, ou seja, retirada e fixada novamente com outro sistema de fixação diferente do existente. Assim, conseguiu-se aferir qual a percentagem de placas de pedra que poderia ser reaproveitada e qual a percentagem de placas de pedra que não garantia condições para tal. O estudo realizado às placas de pedra da fachada foi um estudo bastante exaustivo no sentido em que se pretendia estudar cada placa de pedra individualmente, num total de 4.000 placas de pedra lioz. Este estudo realizou-se com a ajuda de técnicos alpinistas que através de várias descidas conseguiram registar o diagnóstico de cada placa de pedra, incluindo o registo das suas patologias, identificação de cada pedra e respectivo registo fotográfico. Através dos dados obtidos pelos técnicos alpinistas, uma equipa de técnicos especializados em terra fazia o input dos dados de modo a recolher informação suficiente para tirar as conclusões pretendidas. O segundo módulo reflecte o trabalho desenvolvido durante o período em que se integrou numa equipa de fiscalização de uma obra pública, nomeadamente a Empreitada de Modernização da Escola Secundária do Monte de Caparica, uma obra no valor de 11.116.736,27 € e com uma duração prevista de 18 meses. Este módulo permitia verificar como se coordena uma obra e como se efectua o controlo da programação da mesma. O trabalho teve como base o plano de trabalhos, o mapa de mão-de-obra, o mapa de equipamentos e o cronograma financeiro aprovados. Foram efectuados periodicamente balizamentos do plano de trabalhos que permitiram detectar e corrigir desvios. Durante o presente estágio ainda se acompanhou um pouco o modo como se executa o Controlo de Qualidade em obra garantindo que todos os trabalhos executados cumprem as peças escritas e desenhadas e ainda os demais documentos de contrato.

“To laugh in tragic joy” – a linguagem poética de W. B. Yeats em Lapis Lazuli

Artigo em texto integral no link da versão do editor

Futebol: o caminho de África até à Europa

Similarly to its past, Africa plays a similar role in the football world as it did during History, if we look at the creation of some of the most powerful empires in the world (the Portuguese, French or English, for example) – as an almost unlimited workforce ‘supplier’. Africa is still searching for its own place in the football world map. With a recent history filled with social conflicts, civil wars and racial discrimination, it was possibly in this continent that the sport was first seen as a means towards social evolution and as ‘peacemaker’. Although these problems also exist in African stadiums, supporters all over the continent go to matches to celebrate and socialize; in a reality constantly shrouded in conflicts and oppression, football is like a ‘light at the end of the tunnel’ to those who believe in a continent sustained by healthy political relations between countries, democratic values and a socially fair ‘use’ of a country’s potential – and always for the profit of its own people. But while see the attempt to use football with that objective, others see it as their ticket out of their country, to avoid getting involved in military conflicts and seek better life conditions for themselves and their families (both those who accompany them and those who remain in Africa). Others, still, try to make the most of others’ will to leave a less favourable social reality; Portugal, for its past as a colonizing country, also saw in the African players a way to develop the football phenomenon in its European territory. This article attempts to analyze the influence of Portuguese colonialism in the emigration of African players to Europe, since Portugal presents itself as one of the biggest ‘importers’ of these players.

Cryptotermes brevis (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) in the Azores : Lessons After 2 yr of Monitoring in the Archipelago

The dispersal flights of West Indian drywood termite, Cryptotermes brevis (Walker) (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) were surveyed in the major cities of Azores. The sampling device used to estimate termite density consisted of a yellow adhesive trap (size 45 by 24 cm), placed with an artificial or natural light source in a dark attic environment. In addition, data from two other projects were used to improve the knowledge about the geographical distribution of the species. The level of infestation in the two main Azorean towns differed, with high levels in the houses of Angra do Heroísmo, whereas in Ponta Delgada, there are fewer houses with high levels of infestation. The infestation in Ponta Delgada shows a pattern of spreading from the center outward to the city's periphery, whereas in Angra do Heroísmo, there was a pattern of spreading outward from several foci. The heavy infestation observed in Angra do Heroísmo and the clear increase of infestation levels observed from 2010 to 2011 is a reason for concern and calls for an urgent application of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) control strategy.

Analysis of UV spectral bands using multidimensional scaling

This study describes the change of the ultraviolet spectral bands starting from 0.1 to 5.0 nm slit width in the spectral range of 200–400 nm. The analysis of the spectral bands is carried out by using the multidimensional scaling (MDS) approach to reach the latent spectral background. This approach indicates that 0.1 nm slit width gives higher-order noise together with better spectral details. Thus, 5.0 nm slit width possesses the higher peak amplitude and lower-order noise together with poor spectral details. In the above-mentioned conditions, the main problem is to find the relationship between the spectral band properties and the slit width. For this aim, the MDS tool is to used recognize the hidden information of the ultraviolet spectra of sildenafil citrate by using a ShimadzuUV–VIS 2550, which is in theworld the best double monochromator instrument. In this study, the proposed mathematical approach gives the rich findings for the efficient use of the spectrophotometer in the qualitative and quantitative studies.

Application of continuous wavelet transform to the analysis of the modulus of the fractional Fourier transform bands for resolving two component mixture

In this paper, the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) is applied to the spectral bands of two component mixture containing oxfendazole and oxyclozanide to provide the multicomponent quantitative prediction of the related substances. With this aim in mind, the modulus of FrFT spectral bands are processed by the continuous Mexican Hat family of wavelets, being denoted by MEXH-CWT-MOFrFT. Four modulus sets are obtained for the parameter a of the FrFT going from 0.6 up to 0.9 in order to compare their effects upon the spectral and quantitative resolutions. Four linear regression plots for each substance were obtained by measuring the MEXH-CWT-MOFrFT amplitudes in the application of the MEXH family to the modulus of the FrFT. This new combined powerful tool is validated by analyzing the artificial samples of the related drugs, and it is applied to the quality control of the commercial veterinary samples.

Analysis of financial indices by means of the windowed Fourier transform

The goal of this study is to analyze the dynamical properties of financial data series from nineteen worldwide stock market indices (SMI) during the period 1995–2009. SMI reveal a complex behavior that can be explored since it is available a considerable volume of data. In this paper is applied the window Fourier transform and methods of fractional calculus. The results reveal classification patterns typical of fractional order systems.

Introducing the fractional-order Darwinian PSO

One of the most well-known bio-inspired algorithms used in optimization problems is the particle swarm optimization (PSO), which basically consists on a machinelearning technique loosely inspired by birds flocking in search of food. More specifically, it consists of a number of particles that collectively move on the search space in search of the global optimum. The Darwinian particle swarm optimization (DPSO) is an evolutionary algorithm that extends the PSO using natural selection, or survival of the fittest, to enhance the ability to escape from local optima. This paper firstly presents a survey on PSO algorithms mainly focusing on the DPSO. Afterward, a method for controlling the convergence rate of the DPSO using fractional calculus (FC) concepts is proposed. The fractional-order optimization algorithm, denoted as FO-DPSO, is tested using several well-known functions, and the relationship between the fractional-order velocity and the convergence of the algorithm is observed. Moreover, experimental results show that the FO-DPSO significantly outperforms the previously presented FO-PSO.

The recognition of work

The following article argues that recognition structures in work relations differ significantly in the sphere of paid work in contrast to unpaid work in private spheres. According to the systematic approach on recognition of Axel Honneth three different levels of recognition are identified: the interpersonal recognition, organisational recognition and societal recognition. Based on this framework it can be stated that recognition structures in the sphere of paid work and in private spheres differ very much. Whereas recognition in private spheres depends very much on personal relations, thus on the interpersonal level, recognition in employment relationships can be moreover built on organisational structures. Comparing recognition structures in both fields it becomes apparent, that recognition in field of employment can be characterised as much more concrete, comparable and measurable. Therefore, it can be concluded that the structural differences of recognition contribute to the high societal and individual importance of employment in contrast to unpaid work in private spheres.

Clonagem funcional como metodologia na identificação de marcadores de virulência de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Biotecnologia.

Big Bang bifurcations and allee effect in Blumberg’s dynamics

This paper concerns dynamics and bifurcations properties of a class of continuous-defined one-dimensional maps, in a three-dimensional parameter space: Blumberg's functions. This family of functions naturally incorporates a major focus of ecological research: the Allee effect. We provide a necessary condition for the occurrence of this phenomenon, associated with the stability of a fixed point. A central point of our investigation is the study of bifurcations structure for this class of functions. We verified that under some sufficient conditions, Blumberg's functions have a particular bifurcations structure: the big bang bifurcations of the so-called "box-within-a-box" type, but for different kinds of boxes. Moreover, it is verified that these bifurcation cascades converge to different big bang bifurcation curves, where for the corresponding parameter values are associated distinct attractors. This work contributes to clarify the big bang bifurcation analysis for continuous maps. To support our results, we present fold and flip bifurcations curves and surfaces, and numerical simulations of several bifurcation diagrams.

CALIBRATION AND USE OF AN IN-HOUSE ANTI-MEASLES IgG STANDARD SERUM

For the purpose of research a large quantity of anti-measles IgG working reference serum was needed. A pool of sera from five teenagers was prepared and named Alexandre Herculano (AH). In order to calibrate the AH serum, 18 EIA assays were performed testing in parallel AH and the 2nd International Standard 1990, Anti-Measles Antibody, 66/202 (IS) in a range of dilutions (from 1/50 to 1/25600). A method which compared parallel lines resulting from the graphic representation of the results of laboratory tests was used to estimate the power of AH relative to IS. A computer programme written by one of the authors was used to analyze the data and make potency estimates. Another method of analysis was used, comparing logistic curves relating serum concentrations with optical density by EIA. For that purpose an existing computer programme (WRANL) was used. The potency of AH relative to IS, by either method, was estimated to be 2.4. As IS has 5000 milli international units (mIU) of anti-measles IgG per millilitre (ml), we concluded that AH has 12000 mIU/ml.