VOLTAR À ESCOLA: O PERFIL SOCIAL E AS EXPECTATIVAS DE ALUNOS DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS

A idéia de voltar a estudar, buscando uma escolarização considerada como perdida, ganha sentido quando se apresenta não apenas como uma forma reparadora para aqueles que não tiveram acesso a escola na idade certa, mas também como uma necessidade de inserção ao espaço contemporâneo do trabalho e da sociedade, vinculado a um grau mais elevado de escolarização que estimule o prosseguimento dos estudos na busca de ascensão social e profissional. Essa verificação mostra-se contrária a muitos estudos já apresentados, pois normalmente vemos a Educação de Jovens e Adultos como um bálsamo que suprirá todos os problemas sociais e econômicos de uma clientela desfavorecida e insegura de sua capacidade de aprendizagem e com históricos frustrantes de escolarização. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar uma pesquisa empírica sobre a trajetória escolar de 88 alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) do ensino fundamental II (5ª a 8ª série) e do ensino médio, realizada em uma escola da periferia da cidade de São Bernardo do Campo, no estado de São Paulo, mostrando as relações existentes entre o fracasso e o sucesso que a volta à escola pode propiciar, assim como a análise dos ascendentes e descendentes em relação à escolarização e a escolha profissional. A pesquisa apresenta-se dividida em duas partes, sendo a primeira constituída de informações sobre os alunos, seus pais, filhos e irmãos e a segunda compreendida por duas partes, em que se vêem quantitativamente os motivos do abandono e do retorno à escola e por textos descritivos (redações) dos alunos pesquisados, seus desejos e aspirações, frustrações e sonhos, propondo análises sobre a escolarização e a continuidade de estudos e a necessidade desse retorno à escola. O corpo teórico desta pesquisa foi norteado pelos estudos sobre alfabetização e escolarização de jovens e adultos, sobre as políticas públicas e os movimentos de educação popular, assim como pelas leis que regem essa modalidade de ensino e suas aplicabilidades. Como instrumentos metodológicos, foram utilizados técnicas de análise das leis vigentes, questionários e redações dos alunos. A apresentação e interpretação dos dados coletados sugerem a viabilidade da trajetória escolar dos alunos.(AU)

A Comunicação Não-Verbal: especial relevância à função espaço-território da (comunicação) proxémica"

Aristotle said "Man is a social animal," that does not know how to live isolated and need interaction with their peers. Over several millenniums the man was found many ways to communicate – from smoke signals to sign language or even writing – and this need not slowed down over the years, instead of this, became increasingly glaring. Communication has become increasingly imperative in our lives. But the communication has long ceased to be seen merely as a transmission of words. Nowadays, in the today's society, the man relates to others through two levels: verbal and non-verbal. These two dimensions of communication arise often together, completing or in opposition to, even if the human being does not realize it. Proxemics, as one of the areas covered in Non-Verbal Communication is responsible for studying the distances and proximities that are between people and spaces and how each of us do to protect and defend their personal territory. Will be the Gender, Age, Profession or the Barriers to Communication able to significantly influence the proxemic? The present study will answer to these questions.

Espaço de todos ou de ninguém: análise morfológica de transformações espaciais dos Conjuntos Residenciais Parque Serrambi em Natal/ RN

This work analyses the effects of form over the emergence of new patterns of use and occupation in public spaces of housing estates designed in the 1980s and 1990s in Natal’s municipality (Brazil). We start from the premise that form acts on social process (HILLIER; HANSON, 1984), and verify how much the original spatial configuration of Parque Serrambi housing states contributed to the creation of new spatial patterns following the interventions of the people living there. The Serrambi states were built in Natal’s south based on an urbanization model following modernist’s principals and aimed to supply demands for popular dwellings. They were one of the last estates financed by the former National Dwelling Bank (BNH) and supervised by the Dwelling Cooperatives Orientation Institute (INOCOOP), materialized a spatial form different from the highrise dwelling experiences from the same period. The results were obtained through configurational analysis based on Space Syntax conceptual and methodological framework, in which space and society are viewed as interrelated. The analyses was based on represanting and quantifying spatial properties and identificatying social patterns related to the interventions. We identified that the original spatial configurations, associated to subtle changes in the states social patterns, analysed independently of non-morphological categories, gave way to the occupation patterns verrified in both Serrambi cases.

Os discursos sobre a educomunicação na rádio escolar: um estudo etnográfico e m uma escola pública

This research analyzes the discursive construction of Educommunication, from a training course of educommunicators, with teachers and students of school Profº Francisco Ivo Cavalcanti, state public school, geographically located in the city of Natal / RN, studying the constitution of the meanings that educommunication practice in School Radio acquires for trainers and course participants (teachers and students). The socio-historical context in which this research is based corresponds to the new social reality, mediated by information and communication Technologies. These technologies drive the educational institution to train students in the use of different languages that permeate society. But to do so, you must have also enabled teachers to work Communication technology to meet the aspirations of young people and adults who are part of the educational community. The objectives are to identify the conditions of discursive production around the educommunication practice in Radio School, examine the discursive construction of instructors and course participants in Educommunication and its dialogical brands, and see how the course participants relate to their educommunicative practice in the educational contexts, attributing meaning to the place of teachers and students. Therefore, this research uses ethnography applied to the school context as a methodological option, Pecheuxtian Discourse Analysis, the principles of Educommunication, the reflections of Paulo Freire and the concepts of Dialogism in Bakhtin as theoretical contributions. We adopted three areas of knowledge: Language, Communication and Education, in order to produce an analysis committed to the aspects that involve the use of radio in the school environment to promote an educommunicative practice. With this research we have built a web of meanings about the school that we are forming or we want to form in the XXI century, because we used the discourses of teachers and students immersed in new knowledge and practices in order to propel them to be subjects of communication in educational environment for a qualitative transformation of being and doing in school.

Condições de trabalho e terceiro setor: implicações contemporâneas para o serviço social

In the contemporaneity, due to the implementation of the neoliberal project in which one verifies the withdrawal of the State in regard to the development of social policies, it is observed a new way of responding to the multifaceted expressions of the social issue, which is the emergence and expansion of a supposed "third sector" in society. Thus, the productive restructuring process has led to the deterioration of labor relations, as well as a super exploration of human labor power, also triggering structural unemployment. By being delineated in classist interests, the emergence of the "third sector" brings contradictory aspects to the society, one of these being the very concept of "third sector", more ideological than real. By seeking to answer the expressions of the social issue, demands the intervention of social workers in the institutions that "composes it". This way, arises the interest in researching what are the current conditions and labor relations of the social workers who work in the institutions of the "third sector" in Mossoró-RN. Therefore, this study is constituted by a survey for the conclusion of a Master's degree in Social Service at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Therefore, it was listed out as general objective to identify and analyze the conditions and labor relations of the social workers entered in the institutions of the "third sector" in Mossoró-RN. And by specific objectives: to map the institutions that are part of the "third sector" in the city of Mossoró, which have social workers on its professional staff, in order to profile the same; and, analyze the main challenges presented to the work of the social worker in these institutions. We used the bibliographic and documental research to enlighten the knowledge of the topic approached and the development of the field research, in which for the analysis of the data obtained, through field research, it was used the quantitative and qualitative approach. The search results confirmed that half of the institutions was identified as philanthropics, and most of them are funded by the federal government and that such organizations develop activities in several areas, particularly health and welfare. Concerning the conditions and labor relations, was highlighted the fact that half of the professionals insert themselves within the institutions by appointment; regarding the salary, 57.1% of employees receive between 3 and 4 minimum wages, which is considered relatively low. Was satisfactory the analysis related to the labor rights, because almost all offer a formal contract, which ensures, in great measure, the effectuation of such rights. Now with regard to the workload, 5 of 6 institutions implemented the Law Nº. 12.317/2010 ensuring 30 hours a week for social workers. However, it were cited many challenges relating the reality of the "third sector" to the conditions and labor relations, among them stands out: the delay of salary and non-salary adjustment; the realization of activities that do not relate to professionals, functions and duties; the development of many activities by a single professional. Two important data are the not incentive to a postgraduate and the charging of the fulfillment of the goals for the professional productivity. Here, it is worth to reflect that, although this study presents elements that provide to identify some aspects of labor relations and conditions of social workers in the "third sector" in Mossoró- RN, as well as some challenges that permeate this space of professional insertion, is meant that there is much to be unveiled, and other studies can later do so in an attempt to a better understanding of the complexity of processes that permeate the "third sector"

(Santa) Rita de Cássia na boca do povo de Santa Cruz/RN: identidades culturais em construção

The purpose of this study is to investigate the cultural identities of Santa Rita de Cassia constructed from the representations contained in the speech of Santa Cruz urban area residents, which is located in a harsh part of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. These residents make the story of the Saint full of meaning for themselves, in their daily lives, as well as to the society. This is observed in the narration of Rita de Cassia’s story which has been told in the city over the past one hundred and eighty years, the number of women's names and commercial establishments named “Santa Rita”. In 2010, with the inauguration of the Alto de Santa Rita – a space for worshiping the saint –, the amount of visitors increased in the city, due to the construction and inauguration of a colossal monument representing the image of Rita de Cassia. Then, new social, cultural, religious and political aspects became part of the local reality of the city of Santa Cruz, what made residents have something in common to talk about. According to the interdisciplinary approach of Applied Linguistics, our theoretical background is based on the socio-historical language concept, which understands language as discursive practice. Still theoretically speaking, this study establishes an interface with cultural studies, taking into account the concept of cultural identity in post-modernity society. Discourse analysis proved plural, with a multiplicity of cultural identities ranging from very obedient daughter to wife who suffered because of the husband, from very religious woman to the widow who entered the convent, on to the Saint of the miracles and healings interceding in the lives of the ones who seek for help. It was also observed in the above mentioned investigative path that these identities can be constructed and reconstructed if immersed in a different set of social practices historically determined

As inter-ações entre espaço do corpo e o movimento dançado

This dissertation seeks to reflect about the relations between danced movement and body space (Kinesphere), and their contributions to the expansion of the expressive possibilities of the subject on dancing. According to Rudolf Laban there is no space that is empty, because it is always being modified and signified at every moment by the movement. Space exists because we interact with it, at the same time movement occours configuring a signifcant space that is incessantly transformed. In this sense, space, body and movement appear in this research as interconnected and interdependent. For this discussion we have as main interlocutor the studies of Rudolf Laban. The nature of this research is qualitative and descriptive. This is a context that embraces the phenomenon of dance and as such it is based on a dimension that doesn't deal with mensurability, but with the art scene, fruitful in its infinite openness to the creation of multiple significances for what has been lived. We also propose to present a report about the practical study developed in the discipline Coreologia in the licentiate course of Dance in UFRN, as well as the analysis of the interviews applied to students of this curricular component. The questions were developed in a way that lead to a reflection about the experience of those interviewed in this discipline, thus generating material for us to discuss how the students perceive dance based on the relational study between space and movement. We realize that this study may favor an understanding of the relations that the experienced movement in the act of the dance weaves along the spatiality that receives and fills our bodies, resignifying the vision of a space which is restrict to the mere place were the body moves and occupies. It also favors the reflections concerning the body that moves and creates spatiality when dancing, thereby bringing to the Performing Arts a chance to think and to experience on the expansion of the expressive gesture in dance and beyond it, led by the recognition of the principles that organize human movement pointed by Laban. It also contributes on the formation of the students in licentiate courses of Dance by questioning the ways to appropriate the contents worked in a graduation discipline as regards to the availability of the body for dance. This dissertation is divided in three parts, called Impulsos. In the First Impulso: “Primeiros Gestos Textuais”, we find an introduction to concepts and ideas of body, movement and space that permeates all the work. In the Second Impulso: "Nós", the triad body-space-motion is discussed using the metaphorical image of a knot that binds these three concepts. The third and final Impulso: "Enlaces" deal with impressions and discoveries lived during the experimentation of the principles of inter-actions studied here, in the lessons of the already mentioned discipline

Do discurso da resistência à resistência do discurso: as construções identitárias de Mossoró nos enunciados da literatura de cordel

This study has as objective to investigate the identity constructions of Mossoró, at the statements of the string literature. Having as thread the episode of resistance of the city against the group of Lampião at June the thirteenth of nineteen twenty seven, our study built itself at the statements present in nine strings, produced between the space-time of 1927 and 2007, year that Mossoró celebrated eighty years of the episode. Aware that the theme extrapolated the limits of the means of communication of the time and it became part of the everyday of the people from Mossoró, producing at the collective memory the image of a resistance city at the street’s names, at companies’ names, at radios’ names with the “FM Resistance”, at the discourses of the politicians, at the city hall which name is “Palace of the Resistance”, the central question that guides our investigation congregates the discussion around the dialogical relations done at the statements about the theme in vogue. This bias, the research elected as categories of analysis the concept of social voices and chronology, considering that the different identities are produced according to placements made by the subjects, as well as, by the context of production. Admitted at the area of Applied Linguistics (AL) and its line language and pratic of social the research articulates the theorizations provided from the area of Cultural Studies (especially regarding identity) with the theoretical framework of the bakhitinian Circle (regarding the social-historical conception of language and in its dialogical character). The results indicate that even existing an axiological movement around the representations of Mossoró and of the episode of 1927, the statements of the strings converge to a hegemonic discourse, corroborating with the identity profile of resistance transported over eighty decades

Interação social e envelhecimento ativo: um estudo em duas praças de Natal/RN

In view of the evident increase in the population group of people over 60 years old, the aging process has raised important discussions on social, political and economical planning that recommend that the increase in longevity must be followed by autonomy and well-being. Faced to these demands, the literature reports that physical activity is a key strategy to promote better living conditions for the elderly. Studies about personenvironment are making efforts to understand the socio physical environment role to encourage old people to make activities in many different environments. Among these, the urban public open space has been reported by many researches as a promising alternative in order to adopt a less sedentary life style. Based on these considerations, this study proposed to investigate the relationship between the social environment support elements and social interaction of seniors in public squares in the city of Natal, RN, using a multimethodological approach that included a experts panel, environmental characteristics analysis of 252 squares, case studies containing collective and individual interviews with elderly users and the spatial representation of their social interactions. The association between physical activities with the socialization practiced by them was identified as the main motivation for their presence in these places. The results indicate that the relationship between the socio-environmental characteristics (concept developed in this study) and the socio-spatial behaviors that include the spatial appropriation, spatial arrangements and interpersonal distances, helps to promote social interactions in carrying out activities, which, according to the assumptions Active Ageing Program, enable the maintenance of an active way of life, with important implications for health, wellness and quality of life in old age

Produção do espaço e reestruturação produtiva do setor de laticínio no Rio Grande do Norte

Since the 1970s, Brazil has gone through several changes in its economic and productive structures, which have symbiotic relationship with the organization and dynamics of the Brazilian territory. This set of economic, social and technical-scientific transformations developed in the amid the productive capital restructuring, a process that occurs on a global scale, but that effective with particularities in different places. Adopting this presuposition the present research had as main objective analyze the productive restructuring of the dairy sector in Rio Grande do Norte, highlighting its relationship with production process / organization of space and its impact on the social relations of production. The adopted methodology to elaborate of this study was based on the achievement a bibliographic review with regard to proceedings of production of space and productive restructuring, document research about the dynamics of the dairy sector in Rio Grande do Norte, as well as on regulatory instructions governing the dairy production in Brazil, we achieve parallel secondary data collection, with official organs such as IBGE, EMATER and SINDLEITE. Another important methodological resource was the realization of the field research, which enabled us to empirically understand the distinct realities lived by agents acting on milk production system in Rio Grande do Norte. The analyzes performed nevertheless evidence that the restructuring process in the dairy sector is fomented, greatly by state,that finance, encourages and normatizes the production of milk in the country. In the specific case of Rio Grande do Norte, this process is boosted by the creation of "Programa do Leite," which by constituting of an institutional market, contributes to the strengthening and expansion of industries, the detriment of the artisanal processing sector. Nevertheless family farmers continue to act in the activity, be only producing and trading fresh milk, supplying milk to processing units, mediating the production of their peers or by the craft benefiting milk in traditional cheese factories presents in the entire state of Rio Grande do Norte. The results reveal that it is a complex web of social relations of production that are established at the heart of laticinista activity in the Rio Grande Norte, these are summarily marked by relations of competition and complementarity between industrial and artisanal processing of milk

A tematização do espaço público e a economia criativa local: estudo de caso a partir do "maior São João do mundo", em Campina Grande-PB

The thematization of public space in the ―Maior São João do Mundo‖ in Campina Grande - PB stimulates the economy and the local tourism from the transformation of a common public space in a setting that has the traditional June festivals based. To do so, contributes to promotion of existing creative sectors in the city and the design of a new city that is projected from the festivities of São João. In this research we propose to determine the influence of the thematization of public space in the local economy, particularly in creative sectors present in the ―Maior São João do Mundo‖ and assess their importance for the development of local creative economy. We chose the case study, from an ethnographic approach, using different research techniques such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews with open questions and the analysis of social representations of respondents. The methodology used is mixed because it involves qualitative and quantitative data. We could notice at the end of this research, the thematization of public space in the ―Maior São João do Mundo‖ is the main reference factor for the event, stimulating the local economy and changing the city's image in three levels: political, economic and social. Also realize that the thematization of public space is the key binding factor between the creative sectors as well as between them and the related activities. All these sectors serve as a link between the products and services, creating a harmonic whole that transforms the city's image, stimulates the economy, promotes social inclusion, cultural integration and keeps the ―Maior São João do Mundo‖ as a traditional event in the tourist calendar regional and national.

(A)cerca do espaço: a nacionalização da questão agrária pelo MST (1984-2002)

This work has as objective to analyze the social movement called Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra and their relation to land reform from the idea of nation. In the decade of its emergence, 1980, Brazilian nationalism was deeply tied to aspirations for democracy and this consisted of a kind of political language of the period that included not only the MST, but also conservative sectors of Brazilian politics. The MST then develop a way to realize their different social function of the movements that preceded it as the Ligas Camponesas, incorporating the element of the nation as political capital to strengthen their practice. This relationship will be studied from a debate on contemporary Marxism and its key concepts.

Mudanças na relação entre estado e mercado na produção de habitação de interesse social em Parnamirim-RN

The formulation of public policies, particularly those relating to social housing – SH -, follow a dialectical process of construction, which are involved in the figures of the State and tha Market.The combination of the State and Market remains in constant tension and struggle for power, which provides beyond products (policies, programs and projects), periods of crises and disruptions that can give rise to new institutional arrangements. It is possible to verify a change in the relationship between the State and the Market in the formulation of public policies of SH financing, justified by the context of the Brazilian economy growth, especially after 2003, year that began the first Lula Federal Government , and through the international financial crisis (in 2008). Thus, the State and the Real Estate Market has been undergoing a process of redefinition of their interrelations, articulating new arrangements, new scales of action and new logics of financial valorization of urban space. This peculiarity demanded the rapid thinning of speech and the proposals in the reformulation of housing policies, with the primary result within the pre-existing Growth Acceleration Program – PAC -, the release of My House , My Life – PMCMV -, established by Law 1.977 of the year 2009. Given the above, this research has as study object the relationship between financing public policies of SH, promoted by the State, and behavior of Formal Housing Market. It is believed that the established roles for each agent in the new housing finance model introduced with the PMCMV, have been adapted according to the needs of each location to make this a workable policy. It remains to identify the nature of these adaptations, in other words, what has changed in the performance of each agent involved in this process. Knowing that private capital remains where there is more chance of profit, we tend to believe that most of the adjustments were made on scale of State action. The recommendation of easing urban legislation taken by PMCMV points to how the State has been making these changes in activity to implement the production of social housing by this program. We conclude that in the change for PMCMV, the direct relationship for construction and housing projects financing began to be made between the Caixa Econômica Federal bank and the builders. The city was liberated from the direct interlocutor role between all actors involved in the production of SH and could concentrate on negotiating with the parties, focused on the effectiveness of SH public policies proposed by PMCMV. This ability and willingness for dialogue and negotiation of municipal government (represented by their managers), undoubtedly, represents a key factor for rapprochement between State and Real Estate Market in the City of Parnamirim.

A construção identitária em um fórum de discussão: um estudo com alunos da EAD

The aim of this study is to highlight the cultural identities of Spanish undergraduate students from Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia – IFRN, in integration with Universidade Aberta do Brasil – UAB, in the distance modality, built from utterances produced by them in a forum discussion online. For this, we chose to analyze the thematic forum “Using fragments of the internet is an ethical act?” generated in the first semester of 2011, linked to the Reading and Writing course. The interest of this researcher to highlight the cultural identities of these subjects, in the Virtual Learning Environment, emerged from the contact with this reality, in which it was found that the statements constructed by students were rich in positions, meanings and interactions. By producing their speeches, such subjects nurture a reflection on how we can establish meaning in the interaction created in online teaching as well as on the construction of cultural identities of the subject within that virtual space. The way students participate in the discussion forum represents learning experiences that lead to the construction of cultural identities, which determine the trajectory of the subjects, which makes the identity an ongoing process. Our theoretical reference follows the interdisciplinary approach of Applied Linguistics and is based on the socio-historical model of language, with language construed as a social practice. This study also established an interface with cultural studies, as it uses the concept of cultural identity in postmodernity. Analysis of the utterances lead to plurality, with a multiplicity of identities, as evidenced from the positioning of the subjects, some focused on the agreement, others on the disagreement, or even on the boldness. It was found also in the investigative path that these identities can be constructed and reconstructed if they are immersed in another set of historically determined social practices.

Análise textual-interativa das Cartas dos Sertões do Seridó: em busca de efeitos estético-estilísticos

This work takes as its object of study a specific set of texts, designated letters about Sertões do Seridó (interstate region in the Brazilian northeastern), written by Paulo Bezerra, whose main approach is the backcountry universe. For its unique character, mainly because of a strong poetic appeal, we infer that these letters can also contain natural phenomena related to discourse-compositional structure, which may be responsible for creating specific effects, particularly aesthetical. In order to discuss and develop the issue, we set the theoretical assumptions of Textual-Interactive Perspective whose base is the concept of language as interaction, such as verbal activity impregnated with the space-time social and historical context in which the interlocutors are related, we chose the analytical category discursive topic and analyse introduction, sequencing and change of topic mechanisms. The goal is to determine the functionality of these mechanisms, noting how correlate the structural and interactional aspects are, and how this movement can be used to explain some of the aesthetic and stylistic effects of these letters. The result shows that it is used different topic organizational patterns according to the nature of the central topic. These different mechanisms express an aesthetic intention and feature a style. This result gives rise to more general conclusions about the texts: their discursive-compositional structure is related to the creation of aesthetics and stylistics effects.