685 resultados para Vinho licoroso
Resumo:
2012
Resumo:
2012
Resumo:
A pesquisa em viticultura de precisão deve ser conduzida por meio de zonas de manejo, que podem ser definidas por meio do mapeamento detalhado do solo. No entanto, em termos de pesquisa torna-se necessário avaliar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos do solo, fato que aumenta a demanda por recursos financeiros. Neste trabalho, compara-se a eficiência do mapeamento detalhado dos solos em relação à malha regular de amostragem para definição de zonas de manejo em viticultura de precisão, em estudo de caso no Vale dos Vinhedos, Bento Gonçalves, RS. O estudo sugere que ambos os métodos são complementares, existindo certa dependência com o tipo de solo, colocando em dúvida a possibilidade de eliminação de um dos métodos por motivos de custo.
Resumo:
Pears have been grown in the south region of Brazil, where the climatic conditions are favourable. The aim of this work was to determine the harvest maturity index as well as maximum storage period of 'Packham's Triumph? and 'Rocha' pears to maintain quality attributes. The ?Packham?s Triumph? fruit were harvested from a commercial orchard at 7 days intervals and flesh firmness was used as a maturity index (MI1=76, MI2=67 and MI3=58 N). ?Rocha? pears were harvested twice and they were considered as MI1 and MI3 because of the firmness values. The fruit were stored at 1±1C and 90-95% RH for 15, 30, 45 and 60 days and evaluated at the end of each storage period and after five days at room temperature (24±1C), simulating a helflife period. Flesh firmness, water loss, peduncle dehydration, epidermis colour, soluble solids, titratable acidity were measured. ?Packham?s? pears harvested at MI1 and MI2 showed firmness loss after 30 days of cold storage, whereas fruit harvested at MI3 retained the initial values, resulting in firmer fruit after 60 days (P<0.001). Fruit harvested in MI3 had less firmness loss after 5 days at room temperature following 45 and 60 days of cold storage. ?Rocha? pears harvested in MI1 and MI3 showed firmness reduction during cold storage, which was intensified at room temperature. Maximum values of water loss approached 6%. Fruit peduncles of both cultivars dehydrated after 60 days of cold storage, but their colour remained green, independent of harvest maturity index. ?Packham?s Triumph? and ?Rocha? pears harvested at MI3 showed better quality attributes after 60 days of cold storage plus 5 days of shelf-life than fruit harvested at other maturity stages.
Resumo:
Grapholita molesta (Busck) is one of the main pests of apple trees, and lives on their shoots and fruits. In southern Brazil, the insect is also found on old branches and structures similar to aerial roots, so-called burrknots. This study evaluated the development and population growth potential of G. molesta fed on burrknots, compared with apple fruit cultivar. Fuji and a corn-based artiÞcial diet. The study was carried out in the laboratory under controlled temperature (25 1C), relative humidity (7010%), and photophase (16 h). The biological parameters of the immature and adult stages were determined, and a fertility life table was constructed. Insects fed on burrknots showed a longer duration and a lower survival for the egg-to-adult period (29.3 d and 22.5%) compared with those that fed on apples (25.1 d and 30.0%) and artiÞcial diet (23.9 d and 54.8%). Insects reared on aerial roots had a lower pupal weight (10.0 mg) compared with those reared on either artiÞcial diet (13.7 mg) or apple cultivar. Fuji (12.4 mg). The fecundity and longevity of males and females did not signiÞcantly differ for the three foods. Based on the fertility life table, insects reared on burrknots had the lowest net reproductive rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of population growth (rm) and finite rate of increase, compared with insects reared on artiÞcial diet and apple fruit. Burrknots support the development of the complete cycle of G. molesta, which allows populations of this pest to increase in orchards.
Resumo:
A agricultura familiar apresenta grande relevância para o desenvolvimento social e econômico do Brasil. No entanto, a ampla maioria dos produtores rurais familiares apresenta sérias deficiências gerenciais. Diante disso, baseando-se principalmente em análises de estudos técnico-científicos, buscou-se efetuar reflexões acerca da gestão nos estabelecimentos de agricultura familiar, dando-se ênfase a questões relacionadas com a situação gerencial e com o modelo e os mecanismos que possam ampliar a capacidade de gerenciamento nessas organizações. Dentre os principais resultados e conclusões, destaca-se que, para minimizar os problemas gerenciais dos agricultores familiares, a utilização da visão sistêmica e o envolvimento efetivo desses atores organizacionais são imprescindíveis em todas as etapas de planejamento e execução do modelo de capacitação a ser adotado.
Resumo:
2010
Resumo:
2011
Resumo:
Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are major pests of a wide range of crops and ornamental plants worldwide. Their high degree of morphological similarity makes them difficult to identify and limits their study and management. We aimed to identify a set of markers for the genetic characterization and identification of complexes of taxa in the Pseudococcidae. We surveyed and tested the genetic markers used in previous studies and then identified new markers for particularly relevant genomic regions for which no satisfactory markers were available. We tested all markers on a subset of four taxa distributed worldwide. Five markers were retained after this first screening: two regions of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene, 28S-D2, the entire internal transcriber space 2 locus and the rpS15-16S region of the primary mealybug endosymbiont Tremblaya princeps. We then assessed the utility of these markers for the characterization and identification of 239 samples from 43 sites in France and Brazil. The five markers studied (i) successfully distinguished all species identified by morphological examination, (ii) disentangled complexes of species by revealing intraspecific genetic variation and identified a set of closely related taxa for which taxonomic status requires clarification through further studies, and (iii) facilitated the inference of phylogenetic relationships between the characterized taxa.
Resumo:
2010
Resumo:
2011
Resumo:
2011
Resumo:
2011
Resumo:
2011
Resumo:
2011
