Histopathology and immunocytochemical study of type 3 and type 4 complement receptors in the liver and spleen of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

The objective of this study was to compare the histopathological changes and expression of CR3 and CR4 in the liver and spleen of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with L. chagasi. The basic histopathological lesions observed mainly in naturally infected dogs were: epithelioid hepatic granulomas, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of Kupffer cells, Malpigui follicles and mononucleated cells of the red pulp of the spleen. Sections from the liver and spleen by immunocytochemistry technique showed the presence of CD11b,c\CD 18 antigens in the control and infected animals and no qualitative or quantitative differences in the liver. Nevertheless, CD18 was always increased in the spleen of naturally and experimentally infected dogs. These results indicate that there is a difference in the activaton of CD 18 in both experimental and natural cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis that should play an important role in the immunological response to Leishmania chagasi infection.

Faiança portuguesa nas Ilhas Britânicas (dos finais do século XVI aos inícios do século XVIII)

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em História, especialidade de Arqueologia.

O fantástico em Fialho de Almeida e Jean Lorrain pessimismo e decadentismo finisseculares

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Estudos Portugueses - Estudos Comparatistas

Revistas Crónio: modernidade e discurso crítico na cultura portuguesa da primeira metade do século XX

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação: Comunicação e Artes

Heparin-antivenom association: differential neutralization effectiveness in Bothrops atrox and Bothrops erythromelas envenoming

Heparin, in some regions of Brazil has been used in the treatment of bothropic accidents, but the data found in the literature are inconclusive about its effectiveness. The venoms of Bothrops atrox and of B. erythromelas were characterized according to their biological activities. The capacity of heparin in neutralizing these activities was tested with doses of 3 and 6 IU in isolated form and associated to Antibothropic Serum (ABS). It was verified that heparin, in doses of 3 and 6 IU, was not effective in neutralizing the desfibrinating and edema-forming activities of B. atrox venom and the hemorrhagic and coagulant actions of both venoms. Heparin diminished the effectiveness of the ABS in the neutralization of the hemorrhagic and edema-forming activities of the B. atrox venom. However, heparin in the 6 IU dose was capable of neutralize the edema-forming of the B. erythromelas and increase the effectiveness of the ABS. Heparin also neutralized the phospholipasic A2 activity of B. atrox (14.3%) and B. erythromelas (28.0%) venoms. For B. erythromelas venom, the associated treatment, heparin and ABS, was more effective in the neutralization of its lethal activity.

Clinical and epidemiological features of definitive and presumed loxoscelism in São Paulo, Brazil

A retrospective study analysed 359 proven or presume cases of loxoscelism seen at the Hospital Vital Brazil, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil, between 1985 and 1996. The spider was identified in 14%. The bites occurred predominantly in the urban areas (73%) between September and February. Patients > 14 years were commonest inflicted (92%) and 41% were bitten while getting dressed. Only 11% sought medical care within the first 12 hours post bite. Cutaneous loxoscelism was the commonest form presenting (96%); commonest manifestations were: pain (76%), erythema (72%), edema with enduration (66%), ecchymosis (39%). Skin necrosis occurred in 53% of patients, most frequently seen on trunk, tigh and upper arm, and when patients seek medical care more than 72 hours after bite. Local infection was detected in 12 patients (3%). Hemolysis was confirmed in 4 cases (1.1%). Generalised cutaneous rash, fever and headache were also observed in 48% of the total of patients. None of them had acute renal failure or died. Treatment usually involved antivenom administration (66%), being associated with corticosteroids (47%) or dapsone (30%). Presumptive diagnosis of loxoscelism may be established based on clinical and epidemiological findings. Further investigations are required to prove the value of antivenom and other treatment schedules.

Quantitative analysis of cardiac lesions in chronic canine chagasic cardiomyopathy

Lesions observed in chronic chagasic cardiopathy frequently produce electrocardiographic alterations and affect cardiac function. Through a computerized morphometrical analysis we quantified the areas occupied by cardiac muscle, connective and adipose tissues in the right atrium of dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. All of the infected dogs showed chronic myocarditis with variable reduction levels of cardiac muscle, fibrosis and adipose tissue replacement. In the atrial myocardium of dogs infected with Be78 and Be62 cardiac muscle represented 34 and 50%, fibrosis 28 and 32% and adipose tissue 38 and 18%, respectively. The fibrosis observed was both diffuse and focal and mostly intrafascicular, either partially or completely interrupting the path of muscle bundles. Such histological alterations probably contributed to the appearance of electrocardiographic disturbances verified in 10 out 11 dogs which are also common in human chronic chagasic cardiopathy. Fibrosis was the most important microscopic occurrence found since it produces rearrangements of collagen fibers in relation to myocardiocytes which causes changes in anatomical physiognomy and mechanical behavior of the myocardium. These abnormalities can contribute to the appearance of cardiac malfunction, arrythmias and congestive cardiac insufficiency as observed in two of the analyzed dogs. Strain Be78 caused destruction of atrial cardiac muscle higher than that induced by strain Be62.

Comportamento da espuma de poliuretano flexível numa escultura de arte contemporânea Viúva Negra de João Vieira, 1981

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro, Especialização em Arte Contemporânea

A primeira frente de oposição à ditadura militar portuguesa: a liga de defesa da república ou liga de Paris

pp. 247-274

Determinantes estratégicos do desempenho das exportações na indústria portuguesa do calçado

Nas últimas décadas temos assistido a uma crescente preocupação com os fatores competitivos e estratégicos associados a um contexto de internacionalização, onde a atividade de uma empresa deixa de se restringir ao mercado doméstico, passando a procurar novas oportunidades de negócio no mercado global às quais a indústria portuguesa não deverá ser alheia. Tais progressos envolvem decisões ponderadas relativas a modelos de negócio que permitam potenciar as oportunidades oferecidas pela globalização. Porém, para que este intercâmbio seja vantajoso, as empresas terão construir e desenvolver recursos e capacidades adequadas às novas exigências. O objetivo fundamental deste estudo consiste em analisar o impacto que a orientação empreendedora, os recursos intangíveis e as capacidades absortivas assumem no desempenho das exportações das pequenas e médias empresas portuguesas exportadoras da indústria do calçado, considerando, ainda, o papel da vantagem competitiva no desempenho das mesmas. Para o efeito, adotamos uma abordagem metodológica quantitativa, realizando um estudo empírico descritivo, exploratório e transversal, tendo aplicado um questionário a uma amostra de empresas portuguesas exportadoras de calçado. Deste estudo foi possível concluir que a orientação empreendedora, os recursos e as capacidades potenciam a obtenção de vantagem competitiva, quer pela diferenciação quer pelo custo, contribuindo todos estes determinantes para o superior desempenho das exportações das empresas portuguesas da indústria do calçado nos mercados externos.

Pragmatismo e utopismo na criação urbanística de raíz portuguesa no século XVIII

pp. 103-112

Relatório de estágio curricular Julgados de Paz de Lisboa

Mestrado na área de Ciências Jurídico-Empresariais

Maria Madalena e o feminino na construção da igreja católica

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estudos Sobre Mulheres. As Mulheres na Sociedade e na Cultura